Avigail Stern  Gennady Eidelshtein  Roman Zhuravel  Dvir Rotem  Alexander Kotlyar  Danny Porath 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2018,30(26)

Over the past decades, DNA, the carrier of genetic information, has been used by researchers as a structural template material. Watson‐Crick base pairing enables the formation of complex 2D and 3D structures from DNA through self‐assembly. Various methods have been developed to functionalize these structures for numerous utilities. Metallization of DNA has attracted much attention as a means of forming conductive nanostructures. Nevertheless, most of the metallized DNA wires reported so far suffer from irregularity and lack of end‐to‐end electrical connectivity. An effective technique for formation of thin gold‐coated DNA wires that overcomes these drawbacks is developed and presented here. A conductive atomic force microscopy setup, which is suitable for measuring tens to thousands of nanometer long molecules and wires, is used to characterize these DNA‐based nanowires. The wires reported here are the narrowest gold‐coated DNA wires that display long‐range conductivity. The measurements presented show that the conductivity is limited by defects, and that thicker gold coating reduces the number of defects and increases the conductive length. This preparation method enables the formation of molecular wires with dimensions and uniformity that are much more suitable for DNA‐based molecular electronics.  相似文献   

    

Igor A. Golovchanskiy  Nikolay N. Abramov  Vasily S. Stolyarov  Vitaly V. Bolginov  Valery V. Ryazanov  Alexander A. Golubov  Alexey V. Ustinov 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(33)

In this work, a new hybridization of superconducting and ferromagnetic orders is demonstrated, promising for magnonics. By measuring the ferromagnetic and spin wave resonance absorption spectra of a magnetostatically coupled permalloy/niobium bilayer at different temperatures, magnetostatic spin wave resonances with unconventional dispersion are observed. The mechanism behind the modified dispersion, confirmed with micromagnetic simulations, implies screening of the alternating magnetostatic stray fields of precessing magnetic moments in the ferromagnetic layer by the superconducting surface in the Meissner state.  相似文献   

    

Jock Asanja Alexander  Abdulsalam Surajudeen  El-Nafaty Usman Aliyu  Aroke Umar Omeiza 《Particulate Science and Technology》2018,36(5):569-577

Multicomponent adsorption of lead(II), cadmium(II) and manganese(II) by Nigerian Dijah-Monkin bentonite clay was investigated. The clay samples were characterized for elemental composition, cation exchange capacity and textural properties. Natural bentonite exhibits cation exchange capacity of 47.7?meq/100?g and specific surface area of 23.5?m²/g. Manganese(II) displays higher values of rate constant than lead(II) in multimetals adsorption. However, lead(II) is favorably adsorbed onto bentonite adsorbents at different concentrations studied. The multimetals adsorption onto bentonite clay samples is site selective and site specific. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model gave a better fit to the adsorption data, suggesting ion exchange and/or complex formation. The adsorption mechanism could be described by intraparticle diffusion with some restriction of metals diffusion due to film or boundary layer. Also, the multicomponent adsorption is endothermic and becomes more spontaneous as temperature increased from 303 to 338?K. Nigerian bentonite clay in its natural form is a promising adsorbent for multimetals removal in aqueous solution.  相似文献   

    

Thomas Kude  Miroslav Lazic  Armin Heinzl  Alexander Neff 《Information Systems Journal》2018,28(5):765-795

This study aims at exploring the IT governance capabilities that enable organizations to achieve IT‐based synergies. Following existing work on the contextualization of theories and drawing on the resource‐based view of the firm (RBV), we develop an RBV of IT‐based synergies in two steps. First, we adopt existing context‐specific constructs and relationships from prior work on IT governance capabilities, IT relatedness, and synergies to develop a preliminary contextualization of the RBV. Second, to further refine our theoretical framework, we conduct an exploratory field study that includes interviews with 26 CIOs and other IT executives from 21 multibusiness firms. Our findings suggest that IT governance capabilities lead to IT‐based synergies through IT relatedness and business process relatedness. We found regulation‐oriented IT governance capabilities (IT roles and IT processes) to increase IT relatedness, while consensus‐oriented IT governance capabilities (IT groups and relational capabilities) had a positive effect on business process relatedness. Our results suggest that, in isolation, IT and business process relatedness lead to IT cost synergies, while collectively enabling IT‐induced business synergies. Our study is among the first to treat IT relatedness as an endogenous construct and to explicitly integrate business process relatedness into the IT governance domain. Our context‐specific decomposition of IT governance capabilities helps to better explain their links to IT and business process relatedness. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the tension between IT‐based synergies and business‐IT alignment. Decision‐makers are guided in developing IT governance capabilities to achieve IT‐based synergies.  相似文献   

    

Ludmilla Bär  Kristin Wächter  Nicole Wege  Alexander Navarrete Santos  Michael Föller 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2017,61(8)

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Ivan Kelnar  Jaroslav Kratochvíl  Ludmila Kaprálková  Alexander Zhigunov  Zdeněk Padovec  Milan Růžička  Martina Nevoralová 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2017,134(20)

Nanofillers (NF) in microfibrillar composites support melt‐drawing and may lead to improved performance. However, antagonistic effects have also been found. The deterioration of mechanical properties by drawing in the presence of NF, as found by other authors in analogous undrawn systems, has not yet been explained. Experiments indicating the importance of NF migration between the HDPE matrix and the PA6 fibrils in the course of drawing have led to a tentative conclusion of changed crystallinity in the interfacial area resulting in a layer with reduced modulus. This was confirmed by the finite element analysis considering the formation of a “soft” interface as a result of reduced content of HDPE spherulites at the fiber surfaces. The results show a marked impact of this phenomenon on modulus. This original concept presents a basis for explaining some antagonistic effects in multicomponent polymer systems and a tool for the more rational design of composite materials. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44712.  相似文献   

    

Florian Huewe  Alexander Steeger  Kalina Kostova  Laurence Burroughs  Irene Bauer  Peter Strohriegl  Vladimir Dimitrov  Simon Woodward  Jens Pflaum 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(13)

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Qinglai Yang  Zhuoran Ma  Huasen Wang  Bin Zhou  Shoujun Zhu  Yeteng Zhong  Junying Wang  Hao Wan  Alexander Antaris  Rui Ma  Xiao Zhang  Jingyi Yang  Xiaodong Zhang  Haitao Sun  Weiqiang Liu  Yongye Liang  Hongjie Dai 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(12)

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Alexander A. Steinschulte  Andrea Scotti  Khosrow Rahimi  Oleksii Nevskyi  Alex Oppermann  Sabine Schneider  Steffen Bochenek  Marie F. Schulte  Karen Geisel  Felicitas Jansen  Andre Jung  Sabrina Mallmann  Roland Winter  Walter Richtering  Dominik Wöll  Ralf Schweins  Nicholas J. Warren  Felix A. Plamper 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2017,29(43)

Near‐equilibrium stimulus‐responsive polymers have been used extensively to introduce morphological variations in dependence of adaptable conditions. Far‐less‐well studied are triggered transformations at constant conditions. These require the involvement of metastable states, which are either able to approach the equilibrium state after deviation from metastability or can be frozen on returning from nonequilibrium to equilibrium. Such functional nonequilibrium macromolecular systems hold great promise for on‐demand transformations, which result in substantial changes in their material properties, as seen for triggered gelations. Herein, a diblock copolymer system consisting of a hydrophilic block and a block that is responsive to both pressure and temperature, is introduced. This species demonstrates various micellar transformations upon leaving equilibrium/nonequilibrium states, which are triggered by a temperature deflection or a temporary application of hydrostatic pressure.  相似文献   

    

Ahmed S. Shehata  Qing Xiao  Khalid M. Saqr  Day Alexander 《国际能源研究杂志》2017,41(1):6-38

In the past 20 years, the use of wave energy systems has significantly increased, generally depending on the oscillating water column concept. Wells turbine is one of the most efficient oscillating water column technologies. This article provides an updated and a comprehensive account of the state‐of‐the‐art research on Wells turbine. Hence, it draws a roadmap for the contemporary challenges, which may hinder future reliance on such systems in the renewable energy sector. In particular, the article is concerned with the research directions and methodologies, which aim at enhancing the performance and efficiency of Wells turbine. The article also provides a thorough discussion of the use of CFD for performance modeling and design optimization of Wells turbine. It is found that a numerical model using the CFD code can be employed successfully to calculate the performance characteristics of W‐T as well as other experimental and analytical methods. The increase of research papers about CFD, especially in the last 5 years, indicates that there is a trend that considerably depends on the CFD method. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献