Performance of solar driven methanol–water combined ejector–absorption cycle in the Athens area

The performance of a solar driven CH₄O-H₂O combined ejector– absorption unit, operating in conjunction with intermediate temperature solar collectors in Athens, is predicted along the five months (May–September) in case of the unit working as heat pump in an industrial area. The operation of the unit and the related thermodynamics are simulated by suitable computer codes and the required local climatological data are determined by statistical processings over a considerable number of years. It is found that the heat gain factor varies in the range from 2.1330 to 2.4481 for the above period of time. The maximum HGF of about 2.4481 is obtained in July at 14.25 hrs with corresponding specific heat gain power 915 W/m². The maximum Q_gain of about 1086 W/m² is obtained in June at 12.54 hrs with corresponding HGF 2.3572. Also the maximum value of HGF was estimated by correlation of three temperatures: generator temperature (85.0°C–97.2°C), condenser temperature (43.3°C–47.6°C) and evaporator temperature (12.6°C–25.4°C).     

The Adult Attachment Interview and self-reports of attachment style: An empirical rapprochement.

Although 10 studies have been published on the empirical overlap of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) and measures of self-reported attachment style, results in this literature have been inconsistently interpreted in narrative reviews. This report was designed as a rapprochement of the AAI and attachment style literatures and includes 3 studies. Study 1 (combined N = 961) is a meta-analytic review showing that by J. Cohen's (1992) criteria (mean r = .09), the association between AAI security and attachment style dimensions is trivial to small. Study 2 (N = 160) confirms meta-analytic results with state-of-the-art assessments of attachment security and also examines attachment dimensions in relation to the Big 5 personality traits. Finally, Study 3 is an investigation of 50 engaged couples that shows that developmental and social psychological measures of attachment security predict somewhat distinct--though theoretically anticipated--aspects of functioning in adult relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Cerebral cysticercosis: why it should be treated

BACKGROUND: In Guadeloupe, cases of neurocysticercosis have been rarely observed in people recently immigrated from Haiti. We followed 2 women with seizures, associated with meningitis or encephalitis. CASE REPORT: Computed tomography scan and muscle X-ray have displayed specific features of cysticercosis with small diffuse calcifications. This was associated with positive antibodies for cysticercosis. After respectively 5 and 17 years, these patients developed recurrent manifestations of neurocysticercosis with subacute, quite silent meningitis after pregnancy, with CSF increased cells count (180 lymphocytes/mm3), raised protein level (0.6 g/l) and positive antibodies for cysticercosis in the first case, and cortical granuloma with fever and repetitive seizures in the second. DISCUSSION: These observations suggest that the patients were chronically infested, for more than 5 years. Although the brain lesions were quiescent for many years, new lesions responsible for inflammatory cysts occurred while they still lived outside her native endemic area. In such cases, treatment would benefit to the patient by breaking down the auto-infestation cycle.     

Oxygen in coal ash: a simplified approach to the analysis of ash and mineral matter in coal

Oxygen was determined accurately in eight U.S. Bureau of Mines coal ash samples A, B, D, F, G, I, and J, NBS coal fly ash 1633 reference material, and two low-temperature ashes (LTA) from lllinois State Geological Survey. The method uses fast-neutron activation (FNA) analysis employing a dual counting and irradiation system which is essentially free from interferences. The stoichiometric balance based on analyses of the ashes performed by the USBM is calculated and summations given in oxide and element percent. Excellent agreement is found with the chemical data obtained by classical silicate analysis methods. Accurate oxygen determination for coal ash and LT-ash (or mineral matter) is important for calculation of data in the ultimate analysis of coal as such. Knowledge is required for recalculation of the data on a dry and dry-ash-free basis. The routinely used ‘oxygen by difference’ values are inadequate for accurate work. In order to determine the organic oxygen in coal one also has to correct for oxygen in mineral matter and oxygen in the water removed as moisture. The Parr formula and other methods of empirical estimation are inadequate and may be replaced in some cases by the oxygen determination. The complete data provide a quantitative basis for stoichiometric interpretation of coal analyses. It was found that the eight coal-ash samples analysed contained 45.5 ± 3% oxygen. Since these ashes represent a large variety of U.S. coals, this figure can be used as an estimate for recalculation and evaluation of the proximate and ultimate coal analyses. It is better, however, to use values actually determined in ash by the rapid fast-neutron activation method. This permits a better estimation of the sum of cations plus sulphates in the ash.     

Heat of Decomposition of Potassium Perchlorate

The heat of decomposition of potassium perchlorate into potassium chloride and oxygen has been determined in a bomb calorimeter. The process may be represented by the equation: KClO4(c)=KCl(c)+2O2(g),ΔH°(25°C)=−4.02±0.34kj/mole,=−0.96±0.08kcal/mole.Combination of this datum with the heat of formation of KCl(c) gives −103.22 ±0.15 kcal/mole for the standard heat of formation of KClO₄(c) at 25 °C.     

Differential potentiometric titration: development of a methodology for determining the point of zero charge of metal (hydr)oxides by one titration curve

A new methodology is presented, called differential potentiometric titration (DPT), which allows the determination of the point of zero charge (pzc) of metal (hydr)oxides using only one potentiometric curve. By performing extensive simulations of potentiometric titrations for various model (hydr)oxides, we found that an inflection point in a H+(cons,surf) versus pH potentiometric curve (H+(cons,surf): hydrogen ions consumed on the surface of the (hydr)oxide) and a peak in the corresponding differential curve, dH+(cons,surf)/dpH versus pH, appear at a pH equal to the pzc assumed for a model (hydr)oxide. This distinguishable peak appears at the same position irrespective of the surface ionization and the interfacial model adopted as well as the assumed ionic strength. It was found that the aforementioned peak also appears in the high-resolution differential potentiometric curves experimentally determined for four oxides (SiO2, TiO2, gamma-Al2O3, and MgO) that are widely used in various environmental and other technological applications. The application of DPT to the above-mentioned oxides provided practically the same pzc values as the corresponding ones achieved by using four different techniques as well as the corresponding isoelectric point (iep) values determined by microelectrophoresis. Differences between the pzc and iep values determined using various techniques in the case of MgO were attributed to the increasing dissolution of this oxide as pH decreases and the adsorption of cations (Mg2+, Na+) on the MgO/electrolytic solution interface.     

Television Use and Self-esteem of Blacks

High TV entertainment viewing is accompanied by low self-esteem among black but not white audiences.     

Heat of Formation of Beryllium Chloride

The heat of formation of beryllium chloride has been determined, by the direct combination of the elements in a calorimeter, according to the process, Be(c)+Cl2(g)=BeCl2(c),ΔH°(25°C)=−493.85±2.35kj/mole,=−118.03±0.56kcal/mole.The data obtained by other investigators are discussed briefly.