Development and control of a new AUV platform

This paper presents an architecture of a newly developed autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) platform, named KAUV-1, which is designed as a torpedo with very light weight and small size, suitable for use in marine exploration and monitoring. The KAUV-1 has a unique ducted propeller located at the aft end with yawing actuation acting as a rudder. For depth motion, the KAUV-1 is designed to have a mass shifter mechanism inside to change the vehicle center of gravity and to control its pitch angle and depth motion. The paper also presents an analysis on the equations of motion of the KAUV-1 with mass shifter mechanism and a new depth control strategy for the KAUV-1. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is validated through simulation and experiment of performance of the vehicle.     

Effect of olive paste kneading process time on the overall quality of virgin olive oil

The influence of the olive paste malaxation time on the composition and the industrial output of oil was investigated. To this purpose, three Italian olive varieties (Leccino, Dritta, Caroleo) were processed with a centrifugal system for six malaxation periods (0, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 min). The concentrations of the majority of the oil constituents changed during the malaxation. However, these changes were not significant for all of them: the contents of β‐carotene, the major xanthophylls, chlorophylls a and b, pheophytins a and b in the oils increased progressively with increasing malaxing times, whereas the contents of simple and hydrolysable phenols (secoiridoid derivatives), o‐diphenols and total phenols decreased. A significant increase in total volatiles and green volatiles of the lipoxygenase cascade (C₆ aldehydes, C₆ alcohols, C₅ alcohols and C₅ carbonyls) was detected. An opposite trend was observed for the green C₆ esters. As a result, the global analytical quality, flavour, aroma and shelf‐life of the oils were negatively affected. The oil yield increased substantially up to 45 min of paste malaxation times. Beyond 60 min, the yields tended to decrease.     

新疆农产品质量安全发展现状与对策

农产品质量安全直接关系到消费者的生存、生活和健康,越来越受到人们的普遍关注.主要分析了新疆农产品质量安全发展现状,并有针对性地提出了发展对策,要完善农产品质量安全监督管理法规体系、加快农业标准体系建设、依法开展农产品质量安全检验检测等.     

Composite silicone rubber of high piezoresistance repeatability filled with nanoparticles

The ruthenium oxide nanoparticles with size less than 20 nm were fabricated by annealing the metallic ruthenium nanoparticles in air, which were synthesized by using the thermal reduction in the polyol solution. The rutile structure of the ruthenium oxide was proved by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The oxide has good electron conductivity. The surface of the ruthenium oxide was modified by a vinyl silane coupling agent. The assembling of the silane to the oxide surface was proved by Infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopy. By mixing the nanoparticles with poly(methylvinylsiloxane) (PMVS) silicone rubber, a composite filled with dispersive conducting phase was fabricated. The temperature dependent conductivity shows that the electron transportation through composite is mainly dominated by tunneling. The measurement of piezoresistance shows that the composite at low strain has high piezoresistance repeatability. The 3D reconstruction images of the composite filled with carbon black or ruthenium oxide show that the aggregation of the nanoparticles differs much for two composites. The narrow distribution range of the particle size was thought to be the main factor for the high piezoresistance recurrence.     

A Game Theoretical Approach for Improving the Operational Efficiencies of Less-than-truckload Carriers Through Load Exchanges

Less-than-truckload (LTL) transportation offers fast, flexible and relatively low-cost transportation services to shippers. In order to cope with the effects of economic recessions, the LTL industry implemented ideas such as reducing excess capacity and increasing revenues through better yield management. In this paper, we extend these initiatives beyond the reach of individual carriers and propose a collaborative framework that facilitates load exchanges to reduce the operational costs. Even though collective solutions are proven to provide benefits to the participants by reducing the inefficiencies using a system-wide perspective, such solutions are often not attainable in real-life as the negotiating parties are seeking to maximize their individual profits rather than the overall profit and also they are unwilling to share confidential information. Therefore, a mechanism that enables collaboration among the carriers should account for the rationality of the individual participants and should require minimal information transfer between participants. Having this in mind, we propose a mechanism that facilities collaboration through a series of load exchange iterations and identifies an equilibrium among selfish carriers with limited information transfer among the participants. Our time-efficient mechanism can handle large instances with thousands of loads as well as provide significant benefits over the non-collaborative management of LTL networks.

     

论体验——体验式外语教学、体验式学习、体验哲学之辨析

由于中文均处理作“体验”,“体验式外语教学”、“体验式学习”、“体验哲学”时有混用现象.本文通过研究三者的异同指出:“体验式外语教学”理论来自于教材编纂和推广使用,因此其诞生具有“自下而上”的特征;“体验式学习”派生于建构主义,是从理论中发展出的一种学习理念;“体验哲学”兴起于认知语言学,其于外语教学的应用属于“自上而下”.本文辨析了三种术语的异同,有助于“体验”与外语教学的进一步结合.     

Mechanochemical tuning of molecular weight distribution of styrene homopolymers as postpolymerization modification in solvent-free solid-state

Mechanochemical degradation by planetary ball milling (PM) is used for postpolymerization modification of styrene homopolymers (PS). A complete factorial design was chosen to study the effect of radical scavengers, milling time, initial molecular weight, and revolution radius (R_p), on the shape of molecular weight distributions (MWDs) of PS. Size-exclusion chromatography analysis shows the feasibility of fine-tuning MWD of PS at up to 40% conversion. Distributions ranged from unimodal to bimodal in a PM with R_p = 150 mm at different stage of milling, whereas in a PM with R_p of 60.8 mm the adjustment of unimodal distributions is achieved. Initial polydispersity is more important to develop bimodal distributions when compared with initial molecular weight. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray electron spectrometry analysis show some suppression of PS degradation and complete oxidation inhibition of macromolecular radicals with the incorporation of radical scavengers, which we considered as additional aids when adjusting the MWDs.     

SiCp/AlMMCs填充含Sc、Ce、Be的TiB2原位增强焊丝与4047焊丝的TIG焊研究

使用自制的含Sc、Ce、Be的TiB₂原位增强与4047焊丝为填充材料对T6态SiCp/AlMMCs 进行TIG焊,对接头的力学性能、显微组织以及断口形貌和第二相粒子进行分析。结果表明：两种焊丝焊接该种材料的焊缝成型优良,4047焊丝成型更加美观；TiB₂接头的抗拉强度明显优于ER4047接头,平均强度达到171.88MPa,相对于4047接头强度提高40.03%,TiB₂粒子起到了原位增强的作用；两种接头的硬度值在焊缝中心近似呈对称分布,焊缝区硬度最低,平均值分别为：71.65HV、60.02HV,热影响区硬度的“过时效”现象明显；焊缝中SiC颗粒较少,存在严重贫瘠区 ,未发现明显的Al₄C₃脆性物；显微组织都为枝晶组织,但4047接头焊缝枝晶粗大,TiB₂接头焊缝晶粒细小,稀土元素Sc、Ce、Be起到了细化晶粒的作用,且TiB₂粒子在焊缝中分布均匀；TiB2接头断口中气孔较少,为韧-脆性混合性断裂,韧窝中第二相粒子较多；4047接头断口中气孔较多,为韧性断裂,韧窝中第二相粒子较少。