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961.
Ali Babaei Balal Khalilzadeh Mohammad Afrasiabi 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2010,40(8):1537-1543
A new chemically modified electrode is constructed based on a copper(II) doped zeolite modified carbon paste electrode (Cu2+Y/ZMCPE). It is demonstrated that this novel sensor could be used for the simultaneous determination of the pharmaceutically
important compounds paracetamol (PAR) and mefenamic acid (MEF). The measurements were carried out using the differential pulse
voltammetry (DPV) method. The prepared modified electrode shows voltammetric responses of high sensitivity, selectivity and
stability for PAR and MEF under optimal conditions, which makes it a suitable sensor for simultaneous submicromolar detection
of PAR and MEF in solution. The oxidation peak current for PAR in Briton Robinson buffer (pH = 10) was measured at various
concentrations between 0.25 and 900 μM. (The detection limit was 0.1 μM and S/N was 3.) It proved linear (the correlation
coefficient was 0.9987). For the MEF a linear correlation between oxidation peak current and concentration of MEF over the
range 0.3–100 μM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9991 and a detection limit of 0.04 μM, was obtained. The analytical
performance of this sensor has been evaluated for the detection of PAR and MEF in human serum, human urine and a pharmaceutical
preparation. 相似文献
962.
In the present study, Zr x La1?x O y amorphous nanostructures were prepared by the sol–gel method such that the Zr atomic fraction (x) ranged from 0% to 70%. An analytical model is described for the dielectric constant (k) of Zr x La1?x O y nanostructures in a metal–oxide–semiconductor (MOS) device. The structure and morphology of Zr x La1?x O y film was studied using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Elemental qualitative analysis was performed using energy-dispersive x-ray spectra and a map that confirmed the findings. Preliminary information on the influence of thermal annealing on the morphological control of Zr x La1?x O y amorphous nanostructures is presented. The dielectric constant of the crystalline Zr0.5La0.5O y thin film is about 36. Electrical property characterization was performed using a metal–dielectric–semiconductor structure via capacitance–voltage and current density–voltage measurements. 相似文献
963.
964.
The rate of hydrogen evolution from a photocatalytic process depends not only on the activity of a photocatalyst, but also on photoreactor design. Ideally, a photoreactor should be able to absorb the incident light, promoting photocatalytic reactions in an effective manner with minimal photonic losses. There are numerous technical challenges and cost related issues when designing a large-scale photoreactor for hydrogen production. Active stirring of the photocatalyst slurry within a photoreactor is not practical in large-scale applications due to cost related issues. Rather, the design should allow facile self-mixing of the flow field within the photoreactor. In this paper two types of photocatalytic reactor configurations are studied: a batch type design and another involving passive self-mixing of the photolyte. Results show that energy loss from a properly designed photoreactor is mainly due to reflection losses from the photoreactor window. We describe the interplay between the reaction and the photoreactor design parameters as well as effects on the rate of hydrogen evolution. We found that a passive self-mixing of the photolyte is possible. Furthermore, the use of certain engineering polymer films as photoreactor window materials has the potential for substantial cost savings in large-scale applications, with minimal reduction of photon energy utilization efficiency. Eight window materials were tested and the results indicate that Aclar™ polymer film used as the photoreactor window provides a substantial cost saving over other engineering polymers, especially with respect to fused silica glass at modest hydrogen evolution rates. 相似文献
965.
Experimental results of two-phase pressure drop in a horizontal circular microchannel are reported in this paper. A test tube was made of fused silica having an internal diameter of 781 μm with a total length of 261 mm and a heated length of 191 mm. The outer surface of the test tube was coated with an electrically conductive thin layer of ITO (indium tin oxide) for direct heating of the test section. Refrigerants R134a and R245fa were used as the working fluids, and mass flux during the experiments was varied between 100 and 650 kg/m2-s. Experiments were performed at two different system pressures corresponding to saturation temperatures of 25°C and 30°C for R134a and at three different system pressures corresponding to saturation temperatures of 30°C, 35°C, and 40°C for R245fa. Two-phase frictional pressure drop characteristics with variation of mass flux, vapor fraction, saturation temperature, and heat flux were explored in detail. Finally, the prediction capability of some well-known correlations available in the literature, some developed for macrochannels and others especially developed for microchannels, was assessed. 相似文献
966.
This paper examines the long run and causal relationship issues between economic growth, carbon emissions, energy consumption and employment ratio in Turkey by using autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach of cointegration. Empirical results for Turkey over the period 1968–2005 suggest an evidence of a long-run relationship between the variables at 5% significance level in Turkey. The estimated income elasticity of carbon emissions per capita is ?0.606 and the income elasticity of energy consumption per capita is 1.375. Results for the existence and direction of Granger causality show that neither carbon emissions per capita nor energy consumption per capita cause real GDP per capita, but employment ratio causes real GDP per capita in the short run. In addition, EKC hypothesis at causal framework by using a linear logarithmic model is not valid in Turkish case. The overall results indicates that energy conservation policies, such as rationing energy consumption and controlling carbon dioxide emissions, are likely to have no adverse effect on the real output growth of Turkey. 相似文献
967.
Ali Al-Karaghouli 《Solar Energy》2010,84(4):710-714
This paper addresses the need for electricity of rural areas in southern Iraq and proposes a photovoltaic (PV) solar system to power a health clinic in that region. The total daily health clinic load is 31.6 kW h and detailed loads are listed. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) optimization computer model for distributed power, “HOMER,” is used to estimate the system size and its life-cycle cost. The analysis shows that the optimal system’s initial cost, net present cost, and electricity cost is US$ 50,700, US$ 60,375, and US$ 0.238/kW h, respectively. These values for the PV system are compared with those of a generator alone used to supply the load. We found that the initial cost, net present cost of the generator system, and electricity cost are US$ 4500, US$ 352,303, and US$ 1.332/kW h, respectively. We conclude that using the PV system is justified on humanitarian, technical, and economic grounds. 相似文献
968.
969.
Sulphanilamide was determined to be a new inhibitor of lactoperoxidase (LPO) with an IC50 of 0.848.10−5 M. The Ki for sulphanilamide was determined to be 3.57.10−5 M and sulphanilamide showed competitive inhibition, which makes it a suitable ligand for constructing a Sepharose 4B-l-tyrosine affinity matrix. The affinity matrix was synthesised by coupling sulphanilamide as the ligand and l-tyrosine as the spacer arm to a cyanogen bromide (CNBr)-activated-Sepharose 4B matrix. Lactoperoxidase was purified 409-fold from the synthesized affinity matrix in a single step, with a yield of 62.3% and a specific activity of 40.9 EU/mg protein. The enzyme activity was measured using ABTS as a chromogenic substrate (pH 6.0). The degree of LPO purification was monitored by SDS–PAGE and its Rz (A412/A280) value. The Rz value for the purified LPO was found to be 0.7. Maximum binding was achieved and Km and Vmax values were determined. 相似文献
970.
Ali Haydar Göktoǧan Salah Sukkarieh 《Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems》2009,54(1-3):331-357
As a result of the advances in solid state, electronics, sensor, wireless communication technologies, as well as evolutions in the material science and manufacturing technologies, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have become more accessible by civilian entities, industry, as well as academia. There is a high level of market driven standardisation in the electronics and mechanical components used on UAVs. However, the implemented software of a UAS does not exhibit the same level of standardisation and compartmentalisation. This is a major bottleneck limiting software maintenance, and software reuse across multiple UAS programs. This paper addresses the software development processes adapted by the Australian Centre for Field Robotics (ACFR) in major UAS projects. The presented process model promotes software reuse without sacrificing the reliability and safety of the networked UAS with particular emphasis on the role of distributed simulation and middleware in the development and maintenance processes. 相似文献