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71.
Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in dimethylformamide solution containing 0.25 or 1 wt% graphene oxide (GO) was gel spun to tapes. Scanning electron microscopy of tapes showed compact staircase cross-sections hallmarking the gel spun products. Low shear rate rheometry of the tape precursors revealed a viscosity increase, while the structural viscosity indexes of dispersions dropped to 40 and 70% at high shear rates by 0.25 and 1 wt% GO inclusion, respectively. Furthermore, the sol–gel transition temperature of PAN solution was enhanced by about 2.5 and 10 °C with 0.25 and 1 wt% GO inclusion, respectively. Strain sweep test implied a gel-to-sol transition from 9 to 28% by 1 wt% GO inclusion. The experimental reinforcement coefficient corresponded the aligned Halpin–Tsai model confirming the suitable dispersion preparation route namely master batch dilution implementing strong interphase formation among the PAN chains and GO platelets. Molecular evolution analysis during air stabilization through a combined second derivative of FTIR spectra, Gaussian peak fitting represented by Isd index, indicated the initial cyclization at 290 °C followed by its enhanced rate. Final Isd was noticed to be 48% higher for the tapes containing GO nanosheets. GO inclusion not only enhanced the tape heat of stabilizations but also differentiated its proportional Isd and toughness dependency based on the heat of stabilization. 相似文献
72.
Synthesis of modified catalyst and stabilization of CuO/NH4‐ZSM‐5 for conversion of methanol to gasoline 下载免费PDF全文
Ehsan Kianfar Mahmoud Salimi Vahid Pirouzfar Behnam Koohestani 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2018,15(3):734-741
In this article, the catalytic conversion of methanol to gasoline range hydrocarbons has been studied over CuO/ NH4‐ZSM‐5(3,5,7,9%) catalysts prepared via sono‐chemistry methods. In order to improve, copper oxide can be used as a booster on NH4‐ZSM‐5 this catalyst property. Accordingly, the conversion process of Methanol to Gasoline (MTG) was conducted under a pressure of 1 atm and temperature of 400°C by a fixed‐bed reactor on copper oxide catalysts which were prepared based on synthetic NH4‐ZSM‐5. The synthetic catalyst was investigated by such analyses as BET, XRD, FT‐IR, and SEM. Formation of copper oxide phase and proper distribution of copper oxide were proven on the basic level of using XRD analysis. BET analysis showed the reduction in catalyst level and SEM images depicted the proper distribution of particles. The present investigation is to study the effect of CuO loading on NH4‐ZSM‐5 support for conversion of methanol to gasoline range hydrocarbons. A series of CuO/ NH4‐ZSM‐5 catalysts were prepared, characterized, and experimented for their performance on methanol conversion and hydrocarbon yield. 相似文献
73.
74.
Emergence of Antibiotic Resistance in Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Food Products: A Comprehensive Review 下载免费PDF全文
Amin N. Olaimat Murad A. Al‐Holy Hafiz M. Shahbaz Anas A. Al‐Nabulsi Mahmoud H. Abu Ghoush Tareq M. Osaili Mutamed M. Ayyash Richard A. Holley 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2018,17(5):1277-1292
Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic pathogen that has been involved in several deadly illness outbreaks. Future outbreaks may be more difficult to manage because of the emergence of antibiotic resistance among L. monocytogenes strains isolated from food products. The present review summarizes the available evidence on the emergence of antibiotic resistance among L. monocytogenes strains isolated from food products and the possible ways this resistance has developed. Furthermore, the resistance of food L. monocytogenes isolates to antibiotics currently used in the treatment of human listeriosis such as penicillin, ampicillin, tetracycline, and gentamicin, has been documented. Acquisition of movable genetic elements is considered the major mechanism of antibiotic resistance development in L. monocytogenes. Efflux pumps have also been linked with resistance of L. monocytogenes to some antibiotics including fluoroquinolones. Some L. monocytogenes strains isolated from food products are intrinsically resistant to several antibiotics. However, factors in food processing chains and environments (from farm to table) including extensive or sub‐inhibitory antibiotics use, horizontal gene transfer, exposure to environmental stresses, biofilm formation, and presence of persister cells play crucial roles in the development of antibiotic resistance by L. monocytogenes. 相似文献
75.
76.
Ahmed H. Ashour Naeem M. El‐Sawy Mahmoud A. Abdel Ghaffar Gamil A. El‐Shobaky 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2005,97(3):867-871
Grafted copolymer of poly(tetrafluoroethylene ethylene) (ET) with acrylic acid (AAc) was prepared by direct radiation method. The obtained films were modified by treating with small amounts of Co2+ and K+ ions (1.0 wt %). The effects of such treatment on the thermal stability and electrical conductivity of these films were studied. Cobalt treatment did not much affect the thermal degradation of the films. The results obtained revealed that k+ treatment enhanced the thermal degradation of ET‐g‐PAAc, which started 273 K lower than that observed in the case of the untreated and Co2+‐treated films. Potassium and cobalt treatment of the investigated films increased their electrical conductivity (σ) and decreased the activation energy ΔEσ. The increase in σ values was, however, more pronounced in the case of K+‐treated film. These results were discussed in terms of the effective increase in the hydrophilicity of the films, especially those treated with potassium. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 867–871, 2005 相似文献
77.
Yu. S. Dzyazko A. Mahmoud F. Lapicque V.N. Belyakov 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2007,37(2):209-217
This work is devoted to assessment of the possibility of using ceramic membranes, which contain an ion-exchange component,
such as hydrated zirconium dioxide (HZD), for Cr(VI) removal from dilute solutions by electrodialysis. Transport properties
of the membranes were investigated. HZD-containing membranes were found to be permeable to anions in acidic media while they
demonstrate cation-exchange properties in alkaline media. Cr(VI) anion transport through HZD membranes was studied. It was
shown that an increase in the amount of ion-exchanger in the membrane results in a rise in electrodialysis efficiency. The
transport number of Cr(VI) species was found to range from 0.33 to 0.63 for currents below the limiting current. It was also
shown that increasing the concentration of H+ or Cr(VI) ions in the solution to be purified allows higher rate of Cr(VI) ion transport through the membrane. 相似文献
78.
Buping BaoDenny K.S. Ng Douglas H.S. TayArturo Jiménez-Gutiérrez Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi 《Computers & Chemical Engineering》2011,35(8):1374-1383
Synthesis and screening of technology alternatives is a key process-development activity in the process industries. Recently, this has become particularly important for the conceptual design of biorefineries. This work introduces a shortcut method for the synthesis and screening of integrated biorefineries. A structural representation (referred to as the chemical species/conversion operator) is introduced. It is used to track individual chemicals while allowing for the processing of multiple chemicals in processing technologies. The representation is used to embed potential configurations of interest. An optimization approach is developed to screen and determine optimum network configurations for various technology pathways using simple data. The solution to the optimization formulation provides a quick and effective method for screening and interconnecting the technological pathways and to distributing the flows over the network. Case studies are solved to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
79.
Mohammad Alizadeh Khaledabad Zahra Ghasempour Ehsan Moghaddas Kia Mahmoud Rezazad Bari Rasoul Zarrin 《International Journal of Dairy Technology》2020,73(1):67-75
In this study, using a central composite design, the effects of addition of Spirulina platensis and Zedo gum to plain and probiotic yoghurt samples were investigated during storage. Lactobacillus paracasei proliferation was directly dependent on the addition of microalgae and was inversely affected by storage time. Probiotic samples containing S. platensis showed the highest antioxidative activity. Maximum stability was obtained at higher amounts of Zedo gum, while organoleptic and rheological attributes improved at 0.25% Zedo gum. Given the importance of probiotic viability, supplementation of probiotic yoghurt with Zedo gum/S. platensis may be consideredas a novel nutraceutical formulation. 相似文献
80.
Fabricating and robust artificial neural network modeling nanoscale polyurethane fiber using electrospinning method 下载免费PDF全文
Ebrahim Hosaini‐Alvand Hamed Mirshekar Mohammad Taghi Khorasani Mahmoud Parvazinia Alireza Joorabloo 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2017,134(30)
With regard to the fact that currently there is no comprehensive method to predict diameter of polyurethane/solvent fiber from electrospinning, in this study, diameter prediction of polyurethane/solvent fiber was conducted using neural networks and an error of 166 nm was observed. This error shows that artificial neural networks (ANNs) can predict diameter of electrospinning polyurethane fibers well. Then, considering weak repeatability nature of electrospinning in fabricating fibers with desired diameter, least mean square is used to improve stability of neural network model that shows an error of 113 nm, which represented better results compared to common ANN. To investigate the effect of each one of parameters affecting fiber diameter, sensitivity analysis was conducted. Along with this predicting model, sensitivity analysis can be used to reduce parameters space before conducting future studies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 45116. 相似文献