全文获取类型
收费全文 | 11477篇 |
免费 | 97篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 71篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
化学工业 | 687篇 |
金属工艺 | 86篇 |
机械仪表 | 92篇 |
建筑科学 | 168篇 |
矿业工程 | 19篇 |
能源动力 | 84篇 |
轻工业 | 487篇 |
水利工程 | 53篇 |
石油天然气 | 16篇 |
无线电 | 608篇 |
一般工业技术 | 758篇 |
冶金工业 | 7744篇 |
原子能技术 | 39篇 |
自动化技术 | 661篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 43篇 |
2020年 | 34篇 |
2019年 | 66篇 |
2018年 | 70篇 |
2017年 | 54篇 |
2016年 | 53篇 |
2015年 | 42篇 |
2014年 | 73篇 |
2013年 | 214篇 |
2012年 | 121篇 |
2011年 | 175篇 |
2010年 | 129篇 |
2009年 | 123篇 |
2008年 | 180篇 |
2007年 | 182篇 |
2006年 | 163篇 |
2005年 | 145篇 |
2004年 | 124篇 |
2003年 | 118篇 |
2002年 | 113篇 |
2001年 | 117篇 |
2000年 | 99篇 |
1999年 | 310篇 |
1998年 | 2389篇 |
1997年 | 1411篇 |
1996年 | 908篇 |
1995年 | 561篇 |
1994年 | 443篇 |
1993年 | 524篇 |
1992年 | 138篇 |
1991年 | 112篇 |
1990年 | 148篇 |
1989年 | 141篇 |
1988年 | 110篇 |
1987年 | 114篇 |
1986年 | 103篇 |
1985年 | 130篇 |
1984年 | 76篇 |
1983年 | 70篇 |
1982年 | 71篇 |
1981年 | 85篇 |
1980年 | 105篇 |
1979年 | 63篇 |
1978年 | 68篇 |
1977年 | 205篇 |
1976年 | 449篇 |
1975年 | 64篇 |
1974年 | 38篇 |
1973年 | 39篇 |
1972年 | 37篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
Hypothermia induced by surface cooling has shown to protect vulnerable regions of the brain during an ischemic insult. This study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of neurotensin, a potent hypothermic agent, using a 5-min carotid occlusion procedure in the gerbil. In Experiment 1, the dose-response and time course of neurotensin-induced hypothermia were evaluated (n = 5/dose). Central infusion of 10, 20, and 30 micrograms neurotensin were found to significantly decrease core body temperature of conscious gerbils within 30 min of administration. In Experiment 2, gerbils pretreated with 30 micrograms neurotensin were permitted to become hypothermic or were maintained at 37 degrees-38 degrees C (rectal) during ischemic insult. Other gerbils were pretreated with peptide vehicle prior to ischemic insult (at 37 degrees -38 degrees C) or underwent a sham procedure (n = 6/condition). At 24 h after surgery, gerbils were tested for increased locomotor activity in an open-field apparatus. Gerbils pretreated with peptide vehicle or neurotensin and maintained at 37 degrees-38 degrees C during ischemia had significantly higher activity levels compared to the other treated groups. In contrast, gerbils made hypothermic with neurotensin exhibited activity levels similar to sham gerbils. Histological assessment revealed that neurotensin-induced hypothermia protected the CA1 region from ischemic damage. 相似文献
82.
Recurrent hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid autografts: incidence, presentation, and management
Recurrent hyperparathyroidism (HPT) occurs in a small percentage of patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary HPT and is usually due to inadequate excision of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in the neck, a missed ectopic and hyperplastic parathyroid, or, less commonly, parathyroid carcinoma and parathyroid autografts. In order to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics, and outcome of patients with recurrent HPT due to parathyroid autografts, we reviewed our experience with 604 consecutive patients operated on for primary HPT between 1965 and 1989. One hundred of these patients received parathyroid autografts consisting of portions of one or more parathyroid glands. Three patients with autografts, placed in the sternocleidomastoid muscle, developed recurrent HPT due to their autografts for an incidence of 3 per cent. Recurrent disease was diagnosed between 62 and 113 months with an average of 89 months. The autotransplants in all three of these patients were from hyperplastic or adenomatous parathyroid tissue. Two patients had a history of neck irradiation. Preoperative thallium scans accurately localized the hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in all three patients. At operation, the hyperfunctioning autografts had grown into a discrete mass with a single vascular pedicle and were resected. Histologic examination disclosed either hyperplastic or adenomatous tissue, and corresponded to the histology and location of the original tissue transplanted in each case. Follow-up ranges from 12 to 67 months, with an average of 48 months. All patients remain cured and none require oral calcium supplementation. We conclude that graft-dependent recurrent HPT is due to the autotransplantation of hyperplastic or adenomatous parathyroid tissue and that thallium scanning is instrumental for diagnosis and localization.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
83.
84.
85.
PA Conrad K Sverlow M Anderson J Rowe R BonDurant G Tuter R Breitmeyer C Palmer M Thurmond A Ardans 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,5(4):572-578
Parasite-specific antibody responses were detected using an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test in cattle that were naturally or experimentally infected with Neospora parasites. The test was developed using Neospora tachyzoites isolated from an aborted bovine fetus and grown in bovine cell cultures (isolate BPA1). In all cases, infections were confirmed by the identification of Neospora tachyzoites and/or bradyzoite cysts in fetal or calf tissues using an immunoperoxidase test procedure. Fifty-five naturally infected cows that aborted Neospora-infected fetuses had titers of 320-5,120 at the time of abortion. The titer of 6 cows that were serologically monitored over a prolonged period decreased to 160-640 within 150 days after they aborted infected fetuses. Two of the cows showed an increase in their Neospora titers during their subsequent pregnancy, and they gave birth to congenitally infected calves that had precolostral titers of 10,240-20,480. Postcolostral titers of these calves and of 4 other calves with congenital Neospora infections were all > or = 5,120, whereas calves with no detectable parasites had titers < or = 160. Two pregnant heifers that were experimentally infected with the BPA1 isolate at approximately 120 days gestation seroconverted to Neospora antigens within 9 days and developed peak titers of 5,120 and 20,480 within 32 days of infection. The fetus taken by caesarean section 32 days postinfection from 1 heifer and the full-term calf born to the other had Neospora titers of 640 and 10,240, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
86.
MJ Welters AM Fichtinger-Schepman RA Baan MJ Flens RJ Scheper BJ Braakhuis 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,77(4):556-561
Spontaneous proliferative liver lesions were found in 15 (13 males and 2 females) of 244 (122 of each sex) transgenic (Tg) mice carrying the human prototype c-H-ras gene (rasH2). The liver lesions included 3 foci of cellular alteration, 1 hepatocellular adenoma, 5 hepatocellular carcinomas, and 4 hepatic hemangiosarcomas in the males and 1 focus of cellular alteration and 1 hepatocellular carcinoma in the females. The mutation patterns of the human and endogenous mouse c-H-ras codon 61 in these proliferative liver lesions were analyzed by DNA amplification using polymerase chain reaction, single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), and oligonucleotide dot blot hybridization. The hepatocellular carcinomas in 4 males and 1 female contained a point mutation in the mouse c-H-ras gene: 3, 1, and 1 carcinomas had a CAA to AAA transversion at the first base of codon 61, a CAA to CTA transversions, and a CAA to CGA transition at the second base of codon 61, respectively. No point mutations in the human c-H-ras transgene were detected in any hepatocellular carcinoma. All 4 hepatic hemangiosarcomas had a CAG to CTG transversion at codon 61 of the human c-H-ras gene, but no point mutations were detected in codon 61 of the mouse c-H-ras gene. No mutations in human or mouse c-H-ras codon 61 were detected in altered cell foci or hepatocellular adenoma. These results indicate that spontaneous liver tumors in rasH2 Tg mice contain different mutation patterns depending on the histologic type or cell origin of the tumors (i.e., hepatocellular carcinomas or hepatic hemangiosacomas). The absence of similar mutations in foci of cellular alteration and the hepatocellular adenoma suggests that the occurrence of codon 61 point mutations is a late event in the progression of hepatocellular neoplasia in rasH2 Tg mice. 相似文献
87.
It has been previously reported that Bryostatin 1 (Bryo1) induces differentiation of the human acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell line, Reh, to a monocytoid B-cell stage. In this study we demonstrate that a novel protein, ubiquitin COOH-terminal hydrolase (UCH-L1), is associated with this differentiation. Reh cells were treated with 200 nmol/l of Bryo1 for 72 h and analyzed for changes in morphology, surface immunophenotype, acid phosphatase and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Protein patterns of the parent and differentiated cells, by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D PAGE), were studied. Bryo1-treated cells expressed morphologic, phenotypic and enzymatic features of the monocytoid B-cell stage. The UCH-L1 enzyme (MW-pl 34-5.3) was detected by 2 D PAGE in the differentiated, but not in parent cells. The presence of UCH-L1 in the Bryo1-treated cells was further confirmed by immunoblotting of 2 D PAGE using UCH-L1 polyclonal antibody. Ubiquitin expression was studied in parent and Bryo1-treated cells and was compared with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-treated cells. Both agents, TPA and Bryo1, increased the level of ubiquitin expression as detected by flow cytometry. Sodium borohydride, an inhibitor of UCH-L1, inhibited the Bryo1-induced differentiating effect on Reh cells. To date, the mechanism by which Bryo1, exerts its B-cell differentiating effect is not fully understood. This study shows that UCH-L1 expression may play a major role in Bryo1-induced differentiation in pre-B-ALL. 相似文献
88.
This paper describes a new IM/DD optical transmission system simulation which incorporates the impact of laser diode stochastic turn-on effects on system performance. Using this simulation, experimentally observed error rate floors, due to inappropriate laser diode biasing, can be theoretically modelled and predicted, for the first time 相似文献
89.
Dielectric measurements using a rational function model 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A recently proposed rational function model for the aperture admittance of 50 ohm Teflon filled coaxial lines in contact with a homogeneous dielectric is experimentally validated. A calibration technique of the automatic network analyzer utilizing standard terminations and time domain gating is used. Uncertainties in the dielectric properties of reference liquids do not enter the calibration procedure. Experimental results for water and methanol are compared with estimated values. A model expression for the sensitivity of the probe is validated. The sensitivities of two coaxial line probes for the measurements made are determined. Results obtained using the new model are compared with those of other workers 相似文献
90.