Some aspects of the electrophoretic enamel deposition

The electrophoretic deposition of suitable enamel frits from aqueous suspension and on various metal sheets was investigated. Influence of conductive salts and parameters related to the electrochemistry during deposition show the limits of this coating procedure.     

Theoretical and experimental characterization of a low-Reynolds number split-and-recombine mixer

A mixing device based on the split-and-recombine (SAR) principle is characterized using both theoretical and experimental methods. The theoretical model relies on solving a 1D diffusion equation in a frame of reference comoving with the flow, thus avoiding the usual numerical artefacts related to the prediction of high-Péclet number mixing. It accounts both for the hydrodynamic focusing of the flow inside the mixing channel and the nontrivial flow topology. The experimental technique used for quantifying the degree of mixing utilizes two initially transparent salt solutions that form a colored compound in a fast chemical reaction. The degree of mixing is derived from the average color saturation found at specific positions along the mixing channel. The data obtained from the theoretical model are in reasonable agreement with the experiments and underline the excellent performance of the SAR mixer, with a mixing length growing only logarithmically as a function of Péclet number.     

Die kombinierten Desoxidationsgleichgewichte mit Mangan,Aluminium und Silicium sowie ihre Bedeutung für die Einschlußbildung

Thermodynamische Berechnung des Zustandsschaubildes MnO–Al₂O₃. Polytherme Darstellung des Schlackensystems FeO_n–MnO–Al₂O₃. Entwicklung der kombinierten Desoxidationsgleichgewichte mit Mangan und Aluminium sowie Einschluß-bildung während der Auflösung von Aluminium in einer manganhaltigen Stahlschmelze. Entwicklung der kombinierten Desoxidationsgleichgewichte mit Aluminium und Silicium. Einfluß von Mangan auf die kombinierten Desoxidationsgleichgewichte mit Aluminium und Silicium.     

Atomic collision studies at moderate projectile velocities using highly charged,decelerated heavy ions from the GSI-UNILAC

Beams of highly ionized, very heavy atoms at moderate velocities have been produced at the UNILAC using the acceleration-stripping-deceleration method. The available ion species range from Kr³³⁺ to U⁶⁶⁺ in the energy region between 2 and 5 MeV/u. A survey on first experiments at GSI using these moderate velocity, few electron, heavy ion beams is given. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated for Xe^q+ ?Xe collision experiments with 41 ≤ q ≤ 45. Results on vacancy transfer between inner quasimolecular levels for close collisions, and on distant collision electron capture are reported.     

Effectiveness of conservative therapies in chronic backache reflected in the literature

A review of literature concerning the conservative treatment of low back pain shows that none of the different therapies is favoured. Modern conservative treatment of chronic low back pain starts with an accurate diagnosis. As a frequent cause of low back pain the instability of a spine segment following an intervertebral disc degeneration is identified. If the pathogenesis of the pain is clear, the treatment of low back pain consists of individual positioning and extension, isokinetic training, special physiotherapy, body building, physical therapy, including parts of the back school. An intensive daily training programme which consist of training of muscle endurance and muscle strength, and includes moreover education and training regarding spine function and body mechanics, as well as psychological intervention, seems to be successful.     

Empirical-Bayes Estimation of Mean Life for a Censored Sample, Constant Hazard Rate Model

The estimation of mean life based on a censored sample from a population with a constant failure rate is considered in an empirical Bayes situation. Bayes risks of empirical Bayes estimates for various numbers of past samples are compared with the Bayes risk of the sample mean, and the minimum Bayes risk. A Monte Carlo simulation shows that the Bayes risk of the empirical Bayes estimator is very close to the minimum Bayes risk for as few as 5 past estimates of the mean life. Morever, it is better than the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator (the sample mean) in terms of the Bayes risk. Effects of misclassification of the prior are also considered.