A high-throughput and high-capacity IPv6 routing lookup system

With the growing number of routing entries, IP routing lookup has become the major performance bottleneck in backbone routers. In this paper, a complete hardware-based routing lookup system is proposed to achieve high-throughput and high-capacity for IPv6. The proposed system is a cache-centric, hash-based architecture that contains a routing lookup application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and a memory set. A hash function is used to reduce lookup time for the routing table and ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) effectively resolves the collision problem. The gate count of the ASIC, excluding the binary content addressable memory (BCAM), is about 5306 gates, using an in-house 0.18 μm CMOS single-poly six-metal standard cell library. The results of post-layout simulations show that the ASIC operates in 3.6 ns so that the routing lookup system approaches 260 Mega lookups per second (Mlps), which is sufficient for 100 Gbps networks. The memory density is good, with each routing entry requiring only 64 bits. Moreover, the routing table only needs 10.24 KB on-chip BCAM, 20.04 KB off-chip TCAM and 29.29 MB DRAM for 3.6 M routing entries in the proposed system.     

H.264 video transmissions over wireless networks: Challenges and solutions

Multimedia video streaming is becoming increasingly popular. Using multimedia services, there are more and more users in end-system over wireless networking environment. H.264/AVC is now the standard for video streaming because of its high compression efficiency, robustness against errors and network-friendly features. However, providing the desired quality of service or improving the transmission efficiency for H.264 video transmissions over wireless networks present numbers of challenges. In this paper, we consider those challenges and survey existing mechanisms based on the protocol layers they work on. Finally, we address some open research issues concerning for H.264 video transmission in wireless networks.     

为小电流选线建立管理支持系统的新思想

针对在小电流接地选线中存在的严重问题 ,提出了建立管理支持系统的新思想。管理支持系统建立在网络化、联合管理、证据路线的指导思想下 ,包含故障录波、在线检测和故障诊断、事故原因分析及数据分析 4个模块。实际运行结果表明 ,管理支持系统的应用不仅可以解决小电流选线存在的原有问题 ,又可以推动选线技术向前发展。     

火焰原子吸收法测定氧化铝中的杂质

本文采用压力溶样方法进行样品溶解,用火焰原子吸收法进行氧化铝中的Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn,Mg和K6种杂质元素的测定。对基体及共存离子的干扰及消除情况进行了研究,用标准加入回收法验证了方法的准确性,回收率为95％～104％;用精密度实验验证了方法的可靠性,相对标准偏差为:1.47％～2.98％。     

An NMR study of acid sites on chlorided alumina catalysts using trimethylphosphine as a probe

The MAS-NMR spectra of adsorbed trimethylphosphine (TMP) were used to determine the concentration of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites on pure and chlorinated-Al₂O₃ samples. Chlorination with CHCl₃,CCl₄ or AlCl₃ promoted the formation of Brønsted acid centers, which are characterized by the protonated adduct of TMP. This adduct has a³¹P chemical shift of ca. –3.8 ppm and a J_P–H scalar coupling of 517 Hz. Additional resonances in the –44 to –54 ppm range are attributed to Lewis acid-base pairs. In some cases a partially resolved J_P–Al coupling is observed, which confirms the assignment. Upon thermal treatment of a chlorinated sample at temperatures > 200°C, the concentration of Brønsted acid centers decreased; the concentration of one type of Lewis acid increased and another remained almost constant. In a parallel set of experiments the initial conversion ofn-hexane at 150°C and the yields of cracking and isomerization products were determined. Comparable functional relationships were observed between the loss of Brønsted acid sites and the decrease in yields of both cracking and isomerization products. These results suggest that Bransted acidity is responsible for the cracking and isomerization ofn-hexane over chlorided aluminas at 150°C.     

美国内燃机油新规格对粘度指数改进剂的挑战

过去20年低温泵送性是发动机油重要的指标,但是历来都只针对新油,最近才对使用后油的有所要求。受到各种因素的影响,在发动机整个使用过程中油品低温泵送性可能变得很差。本文使用工业发动机以及专用的发动机试验来考察使用后油品的低温泵送性,特别考察了粘度指数改进剂对其的影响。实验表明：使用某些种类的粘度指数改进剂其使用后油品可保持不错的低温泵送性能,而使用另一类粘度指数改进剂则使用后油品的低温泵送性变差,尽管他们的低温启动性并不受到多大影响,降凝剂也对用后油低温泵送性影响不大。     

The role of hydrogen in stress-corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel in hot MgCl2 solution

The role of hydrogen in stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) of austenitic stainless steel was investigated in boiling chloride solution. The tests in the mixed melted salt verified that hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) could occur at 160 °C if sufficient hydrogen could be supplied continuously. It was found that the threshold SCC intensity factors of both 321 and 310 steels were lower than those of HIC during dynamic charging at high fugacity at 40 °C and 160 °C. In addition, anodic polarization decreased hydrogen concentration and promoted SCC in hot LiCl solution, while cathodic polarization increased hydrogen concentration and restrained SCC. Hydrogen could be introduced into the specimen and be concentrated at the crack tip during SCC. It could promote anodic dissolution and SCC remarkably, although it was not enough to produce cracking.     

Reproductive and thyroid hormone levels in rats following 90-day dietary exposure to PCB 28 (2,4,4''-trichlorobiphenyl) or PCB 77 (3,3''4,4''-tetrachlorobiphenyl)

It has been reported that suramin, an anthelminthic, trypanocidal agent and an inhibitor of P2 receptors, may antagonise N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of the excitatory amino acid receptors. Both NMDA receptors and P2X subclass of P2 receptors are ligand-gated Ca2+-selective channels and, since the increased influx of Ca2+ into neurons has been linked to neurotoxicity, simultaneous inhibition of P2X and NMDA receptors in vivo by suramin could represent an effective neuroprotective treatment. We have found that suramin inhibited the binding of [3H]CGP 39653 to NMDA receptor binding sites in vitro and reduced the frequency of NMDA channel openings in patch-clamp studies. Suramin (1 mM) had no effect on [3H]kainate binding in vitro. In vivo, intracerebroventricular (I.C.V.) injections of suramin (70 nmol/brain) antagonised convulsive effects of the NMDA agonist (RS)-(tetrazol-5-yl)-glycine (TZG, LY 285265). Suramin, however, did not prevent neurotoxic lesions in the hippocampus caused by I.C.V. administration of TZG. Increasing the dose of suramin resulted in death from severe respiratory depression.