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161.
162.
Talita Moreira de Oliveira Nilda de Fátima Ferreira Soares Rodrigo Magela Pereira Kátia de Freitas Fraga 《Packaging Technology and Science》2007,20(2):147-153
Conservation of food products depends on product quality and packaging suitability. The objective of this work was to develop and evaluate the antimicrobial efficiency of natamycin‐incorporated film in the production process of Gorgonzola cheese. It aims to optimize the production process and increase shelf‐life and food safety for the consumer. Films with different concentrations of natamycin were produced and tested in Gorgonzola cheeses to evaluate its efficiency against Penicillium roqueforti on the cheese surface. Films with 2 and 4% natamycin presented satisfactory results for fungus inhibition and the amount of natamycin released to the cheese was below that allowed by the legislation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
163.
María Pinto Dora Sales Anne-Vinciane Doucet Andrés Fernández-Ramos David Guerrero 《Scientometrics》2007,72(2):345-370
The purpose of the study proposed in this paper is to evaluate the Spanish public university websites dedicated to the European
Higher Education Area (EHEA). To do so, the quality of these resources has been analysed in the light of data provided by
a series of indicators grouped in seven criteria, most of which were used to determine what information is made available
and in what way. The criteria used in our analysis are: visibility, authority, updatedness, accesibility, correctness and
completeness, quality assessment and navigability.
All in all, the results allow us to carry out an overall diagnosis of the situation and also provide us with information about
the situation at each university, thus revealing their main strengths, namely authority and navegability, and also their chief
shortcomings: updatedness, accessibility and quality assessment. In this way it is possible to detect the best practices in
each of the aspects evaluated so that they can serve as an example and guide for universities with greater deficiencies and
thus help them to improve their EHEA websites. 相似文献
164.
András Ványolos Balázs Dóra Attila Virosztek 《Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism》2007,20(7-8):643-645
We report of a theoretical study on quasi-one dimensional unconventional charge density wave (UCDW) driven by electron–phonon
interaction. Within mean field theory, we find that the wavevector dependence of the coupling leads to a momentum dependent
single particle gap on the Fermi surface. The presence of small energy single particle excitations around the gap nodes significantly
changes the optical conductivity compared to the conventional CDW result. In addition to that, the collective phase excitation
arising from fluctuation of the order parameter leads to further qualitative changes of the conductivity and results in an
effective mass that is nonmonotonic in temperature.
相似文献
165.
A two-dimensional (2D) model of unsteady shallow-water flow in surface irrigation was developed to evaluate the influence of field-grading precision on surface irrigation performance. This paper presents field data for verification of this 2D model. No attempt was made here to evaluate irrigation performance. Verification of such models relies on independent estimates of parameters for infiltration and roughness. To accomplish this, water surface elevations were measured at 26 points within a 3 ha level basin. A double-bubbler system was used to obtain relative water depths. Field surveys were used to convert these to water surface elevations and field water depths, from which surface water volumes over time were computed. The infiltration function was determined by matching inflow minus surface volume over time with computed subsurface volume. A value of Manning n (0.05) was found for which advance and water depth hydrographs were both well predicted with the 2D model. Differences in advance for a plane versus undulating field surface were minor, except near the end of advance. 相似文献
166.
167.
The Role of Network Topologies in the Optical Core of IP-over-WDM Networks with Static Wavelength Routing 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Freire Mário M. Rodrigues Joel J.P.C. Coelho Rui M.F. 《Telecommunication Systems》2003,24(2-4):111-122
In this paper, we present a performance analysis of network topologies for the optical core of IP-over-WDM networks with static wavelength routing. The performance analysis is focused on regular degree four topologies, and, for comparison purposes, degree three topologies are also considered. It is shown that the increase of the nodal degree from three (degree three topology with smallest diameter) to four (degree four topology with smallest diameter) improves the network performance if a larger number of wavelengths per link is available. However, the influence of wavelength interchange on the nodal degree gain is small. The performance of regular degree four topologies with smallest diameter is also compared with the performance of mesh–torus topologies (which are also degree four topologies), and it is shown that the blocking probability of degree four topologies with smallest diameter is about two orders of magnitude lower than the blocking probability of mesh–torus topologies. It is also presented a performance comparison of WDM-based networks with nodal degrees ranging from two to five and it is shown that the increase of the nodal degree from two to three leads to high nodal degree gains, while de increase of the nodal degree from four to five leads to low nodal degree gains. These results show that degree three and degree four topologies are very attractive for use in the optical core of IP-over-WDM networks. 相似文献
168.
P. Cañizares J. García-Gómez C. Sáez M.A. Rodrigo 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2003,33(10):917-927
The electrochemical oxidation of 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol aqueous wastes using boron-doped diamond electrodes was studied. This treatment led to complete mineralization of the wastes regardless of the operating conditions. A simple mechanistic model is consistent with the voltammetric and electrolysis results. According to this model, the electrochemical treatment of chlorophenol aqueous wastes involves the anodic and cathodic release of chlorine followed by the formation of non-chlorinated aromatic intermediates. Subsequent cleavage of the aromatic ring gives rise to non-chlorinated carboxylic acids. Chlorine atoms arising from the hydrodehalogenation of the chlorophenols are converted into more oxidized molecules at the anode. These molecules react with unsaturated C4 carboxylic acid to finally yield trichloroacetic acid through a haloform reaction. The non-chlorinated organic acids are ultimately oxidized to carbon dioxide and the trichloroacetic acid into carbon dioxide and volatile organo-chlorinated molecules. Both direct and mediated electrochemical oxidation processes are involved in the electrochemical treatment of chlorophenols. 相似文献
169.
Synthesis of oleyl oleate as a jojoba oil analog 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
N. Sánchez M. Martinez J. Aracil A. Corma 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(11):1150-1153
Synthesis of a wax ester analog of jojoba oil was accomplished from oleic acid and oleyl alcohol with a zeolite as catalyst.
A full 23 factorial design at two levels has been used in the synthesis. The variables selected were temperature, reduced pressure
and initial catalyst concentration. The most important variable within the range studied was temperature. Reduced pressure
had a negative influence, and initial catalyst concentration showed a positive influence on the process. A response equation
has been determined for the yield of ester. The properties of the synthesized product are similar to those of natural jojoba
oil. 相似文献
170.
Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) hyperspectral data is used to investigate the effects of topography on the selection of spectral end members, and to assess whether the topographic correction improves the discrimination of rock units for lithologic mapping. A publicly available Digital Elevation Model (DEM), at a scale of 1:50,000, is used to model the radiance variation of the scene as a function of topography, assuming a Lambertian surface. Skylight is estimated and removed from the airborne data using a dark object correction. The CASI data is corrected on a pixel-by-pixel basis to normalize the scene to a uniform solar illumination and viewing geometry. The results show that topography has the effect of expanding end member clusters at times resulting in the overlap of clusters and that the correction process can effectively reduce the variation in detected radiance due to changes in local illumination. When topographic effects are embedded in the hyperspectral data, methods typically used for the selection of end members, such as the convex hull method, can miss end members or result in the selection of nonrepresentative pixels as end members. Thus, end members selected by some conventional methods are very likely “incomplete” or “nonrepresentative” if the topographic effect is embedded in the data. As shown in this study, the topographic correction can reveal hidden end members and achieve a better representation of end members via the statistical center of isolated clusters. 相似文献