Disseminated infection with Trichosporon asahii

Trichosporon fungaemia and disseminated, purpuric, papular skin lesions developed on the head, trunk and extremities of a 5-year-old female with acute lymphocytic leukaemia. Histopathologically, the skin lesions demonstrated dermal budding yeasts. She died despite treatment with antifungal drugs. The isolate from the blood was further identified morphologically and physiologically as Trichosporon asahii, based on the revision of the genus Trichosporon by Guého et al. (1992). According to the new revision, T. asahii is the only taxon regularly involved in systemic mycoses, so that most of the isolates previously reported as T. beigelii (formerly, T. cutaneum) in human deep mycoses are now thought to belong to T. asahii.     

Flexible fixturing and automatic drilling of sheet metal parts using a robot manipulator

The design of robotic system for sheet metal drilling is presented. The machining of sheet metal aerospace parts is currently done manually with the aid of precision drill templates. The drilling template serves two purposes: it locates the drill bit relative to the work surface, and bears the dynamic loads of the drilling process. In the developed system, the template is eliminated by decoupling these tasks. First, an end effector is designed for the drilling task and is positioned using a six degree of freedom robot. Second, the accuracy is improved through the use of active end point recalibration. Dynamic loading of the arm is reduced by making the drilling end effector a jig hand that is preloaded against the workpiece. The developed system is presented and the resultant performance is evaluated through analysis and experiments.     

液晶显示器的现状与展望

本文介绍了电子显示器的发展,液晶显示器(LCD)、简单矩阵LCD和有源矩阵LCD的现状,以及LCD的发展趋势与展望。     

Superselective bronchial arterial infusion therapy with cisplatin and epirubicin hydrochloride, mitomycin C-iohexol-Lipiodol emulsion (EMILE) for hilar lung adenocarcinoma: preliminary clinical experience

A case of hilar lung adenocarcinoma was treated by superselective bronchial arterial infusion therapy with cisplatin and epirubicin hydrochloride, mitomycin C-iohexol-Lipiodol emulsion (EMILE) using Tracker -18 infusion catheter. The tumor size was reduced on follow-up CT scans. However, EMILE was also distributed to nontumorous lung tissues around the tumor, and a shrinkage of the right upper lobe and elevations of the right hilus and diaphragm followed. No major complaints and clinical complications during and after the treatment occurred. This therapy was safe and effective for local tumor reduction in a case of hilar lung adenocarcinoma.     

Density-matrix theory of semiconductor lasers with relaxation broadening model-gain and gain-suppression in semiconductor lasers

The density-matrix theory of semiconductor lasers with relaxation broadening model is finally established by introducing theoretical dipole moment into previously developed treatments. The dipole moment is given theoretically by thek . pmethod and is calculated for various semiconductor materials. As a result, gain and gain-suppression for a variety of crystals covering wide wavelength region are calculated. It is found that the linear gain is larger for longer wavelength lasers and that the gain-suppression is much larger for longer wavelength lasers, which results in that single-mode operation is more stable in long-wavelength lasers than in shorter-wavelength lasers, in good agreement with the experiments.     

New 1.6 ?m wavelength GaInAsP/InP buried heterostructure lasers

1.6 ?m wavelength GaInAsP/InP buried heterostructure (b.h.) lasers were fabricated by a new process. The low threshold of 25 mA was obtained for a cavity length of about 300 ?m and stripe width of 3?5 ?m. Room temperature c.w. operation was also obtained with the threshold of 37 mA. Transverse single-mode operation up to more than three times the threshold was obtained.     

Intraband relaxation time in quantum-well lasers

Intraband relaxation time, which causes spectral broadening of optical gain and spontaneous emission spectra, is estimated theoretically for quantum-well lasers. Carrier-carrier and carrier-longitudinal-optical (LO) phonon scattering mechanisms are considered, and it is shown that hole-hole, electron-hole, and hole-LO phonon scattering are dominant in spectral broadening. Intraband relaxation time determined by all of these mechanisms increases slightly with the decrease of well width. The dependence of intraband relaxation time on temperature, carrier density, and energy of electron and hole is also shown. Spectral line shape is discussed as an extension of the above calculation, and an approximated formula is given     

A 510‐kb SOG‐DRAM for mobile displays with embedded frame memories

Abstract— A system‐on‐glass (SOG) dynamic random access memory (DRAM), which enables the implementation of frame‐memory‐integrated displays, has been developed. A dynamic one‐transistor‐one‐capacitor memory cell, which has a data retention time of over 16.6 msec, and a compression/decompression (CODEC) circuit were developed to reduce the layout area and power. The CODEC enables an 18‐bit/pixel color display, while reducing the memory capacity from 18 to 12 bits/pixel. A frame‐memory macro was created by combining the SOG‐DRAM with an embedded controller that enables independent access for writing and reading. Its operation was verified by chip measurement and demonstration as a frame‐memory operation of 262k‐color QCIF+ displays. The work reported in this paper was the first step to creating a Zero‐Chip Display with an integrated frame memory, and it proved the concept was feasible.     

Constructive heuristic algorithm in branch-and-bound structure applied to transmission network expansion planning

A constructive heuristic algorithm to solve the transmission system expansion planning problem is proposed with the aim of circumventing some critical problems of classical heuristic algorithms that employ relaxed mathematical models to calculate a sensitivity index that guides the circuit additions. The proposed heuristic algorithm is in a branch-and-bound algorithm structure, which can be used with any planning model, such as Transportation model, DC model, AC model or Hybrid models. Tests of the proposed algorithm are presented on real Brazilian systems     

Potential of airborne hyperspectral imagery to estimate fruit yield in citrus

Alternate bearing is a well-marked yield variability phenomenon that occurs in almost all tree-fruit crops. The potential benefits of applying various alternate bearing control measures on alternate bearing crops can only be realized when yield information on individual trees of particular crops is obtained. The objective of this study was to examine the potential of airborne hyperspectral imagery to estimate the fruit yield in citrus. Hyperspectral images in 72 visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths (from 407 to 898 nm) were acquired over a citrus orchard in Japan by an Airborne Imaging Spectrometer for Applications (AISA) Eagle system. The canopy features of individual trees were identified using pixel-based average spectral reflectance values at various wavelengths from the acquired images, which were then used to develop yield prediction models. Yield prediction models were developed using five different techniques — (i) several vegetation indices (VIs), (ii) key wavelengths determined by simple correlation analysis (SCA), (iii) principal components (PCs) based on principal component regression (PCR), and (iv) PLS factors as well as (v) important wavelengths determined by B-matrix based on partial least squares (PLS) regression. The results indicated that the VIs used in this study were poorly correlated with fruit yield on individual trees. The key or important wavelengths determined by the two methods proposed in this study could provide reasonable prediction of fruit yield. Comparatively, the B-matrix method based on the PLS regression was superior to the simple correlation analysis in determining the key or importance wavelengths that are correlated to the fruit yield. However, the PCs extracted from the hyperspectral data were weak predictors of citrus yield. Greater prediction accuracy was obtained with the model based on PLS factors than with the models based on the key or important wavelengths. These results confirmed the hypothesized correlation between canopy features and citrus yield. The methods proposed in this study have considerable promise in estimating fruit yield on individual citrus trees. The yield information is valuable for planning harvest schedules and developing programs for application of tree-specific alternate bearing control measures and other management practices.