The performance of a low cost clay solar cooker

This paper reports the development of a low cost clay solar cooker. The main features of this cooker are that it is made from cheap, locally available materials, and needs no skilled labour. One of the new design features of the solar cooker is the replacement of the absorber plate with locally available black sontes. The effects of using the black stones instead of the abrosber plate resulted in solar cooker capable of storing solar energy, hence making late cooking possible.     

A mixed-signal RAM decision-feedback equalizer for disk drives

A mixed-signal RAM decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) that operates at 90 Mb/s is described. In the analog domain, the DFE subtracts intersymbol interference caused by the past four outputs. The equalized signal is fed into a nonuniform flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to produce the decision output and error signal used to adapt the RAM contents in the digital domain. With a 5 V supply voltage, the power dissipation is 260 mW during steady-state operation. The active area is 4.5 mm² in a 1 μm CMOS process     

pH titration of native and unfolded beta-trypsin: evaluation of the delta delta G0 titration and the carboxyl pK values

The stabilizing free energy of beta-trypsin was determined by hydrogen ion titration. In the pH range from 3.0 to 7.0, the change in free energy difference for the stabilization of the native protein relative to the unfolded one (delta delta G0 titration) was 9.51 +/- 0.06 kcal/mol. An isoelectric point of 10.0 was determined, allowing us to calculate the Tanford and Kirkwood electrostatic factor w. This factor presented a nonlinear behavior and indicated more than one type of titratable carboxyl groups in beta-trypsin. In fact, one class of carboxyl group with a pK = 3.91 +/- 0.01 and another one with a pK = 4.63 +/- 0.03 were also found by hydrogen ion titration of the protein in the folded state.     

Two-dimensional map of Haemophilus influenzae following protein enrichment by heparin chromatography

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis separates several hundred protein molecules in one single experiment and is efficiently used to study the products expressed by different genomes. Low-copy-number gene products are invisible on a stained two-dimensional map and must be enriched such that sufficient amounts are present for visualization and identification. We investigated the enrichment of proteins of the bacterium Haemophilus influenzae by chromatography on immobilized heparin which has affinity for growth and protein biosynthesis factors. Total soluble proteins of the microorganism were fractionated on Heparin-Actigel which resulted in enrichment of approximately 160 proteins. The eluates, representing about 40% of the applied proteins, were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and the protein spots were characterized by amino acid composition analysis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. The proteins enriched by chromatography on the heparin gel were not exclusively low-copy-number gene products and they did not exclusively belong to one single class of proteins. The proteins that bound to the heparin gel are indicated in a two-dimensional protein map which includes more than 110 newly identified proteins.     

下一代化学纤维

人们在谈论世界正变得越来越小。通常他们是指技术的进步提高了全球通讯和交通的速度。不过 ,世界的确正在变小 ,至少人类的居住地是如此。本文主要论述这一现象与人口膨胀及未来纺织工业的关系。在日本京都和最近召开的荷兰海牙国际会议上 ,世界各国政府对全球性变暖等气候变化的现象都相当重视。1　关注焦点　　各国领导人关注使用石油的直接后果——CO2 的排放问题。人们都提倡为了保护赖以生存和工作的环境 ,应该减少 CO2 的排放。但实际上并没有多少人愿意放弃石油带来的便利的现代生活方式。2　后　果　　上述潜在的问题和全球人口…     

Parameter optimization and simulated performance of a DVB-T digitaltelevision broadcasting system

A prototype of a digital television terrestrial broadcasting system has been implemented according to the European DVB-T standard. The first step in the construction of this prototype involved parameter optimization via simulation. This paper presents the optimization process of the system parameters and the final achieved BER performance. Important design aspects such as interleaving, convolutional puncturing codes, Viterbi decoding, pilot-based channel correction and optimal pilot power are considered. The DVB-T standard offers some suggested values of the C/N ratio needed to achieve the desired BER requirements in the receiver. However, they have been obtained assuming ideal channel correction and synchronization. Simulation results are provided here in non-ideal conditions