A two-dimensional problem for a fibre-reinforced anisotropic thermoelastic half-space with energy dissipation

The theory of thermoelasticity with energy dissipation is employed to study plane waves in a fibre-reinforced anisotropic thermoelastic half-space. We apply a thermal shock on the surface of the half-space which is taken to be traction free. The problem is solved numerically using a finite element method. Moreover, the numerical solutions of the non-dimensional governing partial differential equations of the problem are shown graphically. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by Green–Naghdi theory of the two types (GNII without energy dissipation) and (GNIII with energy dissipation). We found that the reinforcement has great effect on the distribution of field quantities. Results carried out in this paper can be used to design various fibre-reinforced anisotropic thermoelastic elements under thermal load to meet special engineering requirements.     

Balancing production level variations and inventory variations in complex production systems

In this study we analyse the behaviour of production levels and stocks in an integrally controlled multi-product multi-phase production system, We show that certain types of variations in the master production schedule (MPS) may lead to large short-term variations in production. To reduce the costs of these variations we introduce production smoothing, and we derive a modification of well-known integral production decision rules to realize smoothed production behaviour. By means of a small scale example we demonstrate the quantitative effects of our production smoothing rule on the variations in stocks and production levels. Finally, we present the general structure of a cost model that can be used to determine appropriate values for the smoothing parameters, given a specific production structure, a given capacity structure, and a given variability of the MPS. We discuss various possibilities to arrive at these values.     

铸态和热处理态Ti-6.55Al-3.41Mo-1.77Zr合金微观组织和力学性能

采用真空感应熔炼炉将成分为Ti-6.55Al-3.41Mo-1.77Zr（质量分数）的α＋β钛合金在石墨模具中浇铸成棒材。铸态棒材在700°C下热锻后,通过两种不同的热处理后,分别得到细小和粗大的层片状结构。结果表明：铸态组织的晶粒尺寸约为660μm,而锻造后样品具有细小的晶粒尺寸,约为50μm。在1050°C热处理后的α＋β钛合金具有细小的层片状结构,得到最佳的硬度、拉伸性能和耐磨性。在800°C热处理后的α＋β钛合金具有粗大的层片状结构,具有最大的抗压强度。具有细小层片状结构的热处理态α＋β钛合金的磨损率较小,而铸态α＋β钛合金由于具有粗大和不均匀的微观组织,因此磨损率较大。     

THE INFLUENCE OF THE FIRMNESS OF RAW TOMATOES ON THE PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS OF CANNED PRODUCTS

The effects of firmness of raw tomatoes on selected quality characteristics of canned products was the primary objective of this study. Firm fruits, as sorted with Holme's Vibratory Sorter, were found to be significantly (P≤ .05) higher in drained weight, Agtron E-5 color readings, total acidity, sodium hexametaphosphate-soluble, and sodium hydroxide-soluble pectic substances, and lower in pH, soluble solids, soluble solids/acid ratio, and water soluble pectin than soft and unsorted fruits. In determining the sensory quality, firm fruits were superior in flavor, texture, and overall quality but inferior in color compared to soft and unsorted fruits. This investigation revealed that sorting fresh tomatoes with a vibratory sorter and canning only the firm fruits had a positive impact on improving the quality of canned products.     

A case-based reasoning approach to planning for disassembly

With recycling regulations, resource conservation needs and an increased awareness of the state of the environment by both the consumer and the producer, many companies are establishing disassembly plants and developing product designs that specifically facilitate disassembly. Once disassembled, the items can be reused, recycled or discarded. One can identify two distinct aspects of the disassembly problem: design for disassembly (DFD) and planning for disassembly (PFD). The goal of DFD is to design products that are easy to disassemble. On the other hand, the objective of PFD is to identify efficient sequences to disassemble products. This paper focuses on the PFD aspect of disassembly. Because there could be many ways to disassemble a given product, PFD knowledge is accumulated by experience. Such knowledge is valuable, and should be captured, saved and reused to solve similar problems that arise in the future. In this paper, we propose case-based reasoning (CBR) as an approach to solve PFD problems. CBR is based on the fundamental principle that problem solving can benefit from solutions to past problems that have been attempted. The technique and issues related to the application of CBR to PFD are presented.     

ANTI-OXIDANT EFFECT OF QUERCETIN ON TYPE 2 DIABETIC ERYTHROCYTES

There is much evidence that oxidative stress is involved in the etiology of several diabetic complications. Many in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that several parameters of red blood cell function and integrity are negatively affected by increased oxidative stress. Quercetin (3,3', 4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is one of the most abundant bioflavonoids commonly present in most edible fruits and vegetables. Quercetin has been reported to prevent oxidant damage and cell death by scavenging free radicals. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant effect of quercetin on markers of oxidative stress in erythrocytes from type 2 diabetic patients. Quercetin (at micromolar concentration) shows significant antioxidant effect in protecting erythrocytes from tert- butylhydroperoxide induced oxidative changes. These results suggest that a diet rich in quercetin may provide protection to diabetic patients against some late complications.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

In recent years, there has been heightened interest in the possible therapeutic role of plant polyphenols for large number of human diseases. Among other known biological effects, plant polyphenols are known to have strong antioxidant properties. Out of more than 4,000 different types of plant polyphenols, relatively few are known to be effectively absorbed in the human digestive system. Among this group is the flavonoid quercetin that is present in many fruits and vegetables. We present here experimental proof of the protecting effect of this bioflavonoid on erythrocytes subjected to increased oxidative stress. Since diabetic patients are known to have increased oxidative stress, our results add to the scientific knowledge that a higher intake of diet rich in quercetin may protect diabetic patients from some late complications arising due to oxidative stress.     

PRECOOLING of CYLINDRICALLY SHAPED GRAPES: EXPERIMENTAL and THEORETICAL HEAT TRANSFER RATES

Transient heat transfer during the forced-air precooling of cylindrically shaped grapes in a batch of 5 kg was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Experiments were conducted to measure center temperatures of the cylindrical grapes in air at 4C, and flow velocities of 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2 m/s. From the experimental temperature data, the dimensionless measured heat transfer rates were determined. Considering both convection and radiation, the dimensionless theoretical heat transfer rates were predicted. Good agreement was shown to exist between the predicted and experimental results. Therefore, the simple and accurate method of this study is applicable to the estimation of heat transfer rates.     

Exogenous Lipids and Ethanol Influences on the Foam Behavior of Sparkling Base Wines

The influence of added lipids (which mimic the endogeneous lipid pool of wine) on the foam behavior of sparkling base wines at various ethanol concentrations was investigated by measuring the foam expansion, foam stability and the Bikerman coefficient. Depending on their physical state, molecularly dissolved or aggregated, the lipids were only active at low alcohol concentration. At high alcochol content foam behavior was mainly governed by ethanol concentration. Bikerman coefficient variations were correlated with the surface tension variation.     

面向自然语言信息处理的维吾尔语名词形态分析研究

名词是人类语言中的基本词类之一。维吾尔语是一种形态变化很复杂的语言,其中名词是一种形态变化复杂的词类。因此名词的形态分析研究无论在语法研究还是在语言信息处理中都非常重要。本文对维吾尔语名词的形态变化(名词的数、人称、格等语法范畴)进行了形式化的描述和分析。指出了维吾尔语名词的基本形态参数,总结出参数的组配规律并统计了其类型,探索了维吾尔语名词的削尾方法。这些工作将为维吾尔语名词形态处理提供有效的方法和新的思路。