Polypropylene photostabilization by hindered amines in the presence of acidic species

Some volatile acids were found to dramatically reduce the effectiveness of additives based on 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine as photostabilizers for polypropylene films. Strong acids such as HCl, HBr, and HNO₃ had the largest effect with sulfurous acid somewhat less detrimental. Weak organic acids did not impair the effectiveness of the hindered amine light stabilizers. The role of acid concentration and contact time were explored for the HCl–piperidyl additive system. Secondary and tertiary amines were included in the study as well as oligomeric additives and an N-oxyl derivative. The latter is less basic than the free amines, and it was correspondingly less effected by acid exposures. The possibilities for acid exposure during the compounding, fabrication, and use of stabilized polyolefin articles is discussed as well as the effects of acids in terms of proposed stabilization mechanisms for the hindered amines.     

Containment control of multi‐agent systems by exploiting the control inputs of neighbors

This paper studies the containment control problem for multi‐agent systems consisting of multiple leaders and followers connected as a network. The objective is to design control protocols so that the leaders will converge to a certain desired formation while the followers converge to the convex hull of the leaders. A novel protocol is proposed by exploiting the control input information of neighbors. Both continuous‐time and discrete‐time systems are considered. For continuous‐time systems, it is proved that the protocol is robust to any constant delays of the neighbors' control inputs. For discrete‐time systems, a sufficient condition on the feedback gain for the containment control is given in terms of the time delay and graph information. Some numerical examples are given to demonstrate the results. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A quantitative feedback solution to the multivariable tracking error problem

This paper introduces a novel solution for the multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) quantitative feedback theory control design problem with tracking error specifications. Looking for a minimum controller overdesign, the technique finds new controller quantitative feedback theory bounds based on necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of suitable associated prefilter matrix elements. It improves previous approaches to the subject and includes (i) the possibility of a free selection of the nominal plant, (ii) a less conservative application of the Schwartz inequality to decisively reduce the potential controller overdesign, (iii) a methodology to design independently the elements of the prefilter matrix, and (iv) a scope of application to both sequential and nonsequential MIMO controller design methods. The benefits of the new control design technique are illustrated by means of two examples. The first one, a standard 2 × 2 MIMO problem, is provided for comparison purposes with previous approaches. The second example, included as a major control challenge, deals with a well‐known demanding distillation column benchmark problem. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new result on the delay‐dependent stability of discrete systems with time‐varying delays

This paper proposes an improvement to the delay‐dependent stability of discrete systems with time‐varying delays. The approach is based on the observation that the positive definiteness of a chosen Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional does not necessarily require all the involved symmetric matrices to be positive definite, which has been overlooked in the literature. The derived delay‐dependent stability conditions are in terms of linear matrix inequalities. It is theoretically proved that our results are less conservative than the corresponding ones obtained by requiring the positive definiteness of all the symmetric matrices in a chosen Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. The importance of the present approach is that a great number of delay‐dependent analysis and synthesis results obtained by the aforementioned requirement in the literature can be improved by the present approach without introducing any new decision variables. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Decentralized output feedback stabilization for a class of large‐scale feedforward nonlinear time‐delay systems

This paper is concerned with the decentralized stabilization problem for a class of large‐scale feedforward nonlinear time‐delay systems. The uncertain nonlinearities involved in the systems are assumed to be bounded by continuous functions of the inputs and delayed inputs multiplied by unmeasured states and delayed states. An observer‐based decentralized output feedback control scheme is proposed by using the dynamic gain control design approach. On the basis of the Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory, the global asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop control system is proved. Contrary to many existing control designs for feedforward nonlinear systems, the celebrated forwarding design and saturation design are not utilized here. An example is finally given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed design procedure. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种适用于物联网节点的高效轻量级嵌入式系统设计

物联网技术成为当前一个比较热门的研究主题,但适用于物联网传感器的嵌入式操作系统在国内未被广泛提及。本文针对嵌入式多任务程序设计所面对的问题,结合物联网传感器资源受限、低功耗等特点,探讨该类程序的一般设计方法,提出了一种基于事件驱动抢占式系统的基本实现方法,并使之顺利应用于基于MSP430物联网传感器采集节点的系统中。     

Important issues in a molecular dynamics simulation for characterising the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes

This paper discusses several important issues in a molecular dynamics simulation for analysing carbon nanotubes and their mechanical properties. In particular, the paper addresses the problems in selecting appropriate inter-atomic potentials, number of thermostat atoms, thermostat techniques, time and displacement steps and number of relaxation steps to reach the dynamic equilibrium. Based on these, the structural changes of armchair and zigzag nanotubes and their mechanical properties are investigated. The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the armchair tube are 3.96 and 0.15 TPa, respectively, and those of the zigzag tube are 4.88 and 0.19 TPa, respectively. The best simulation technique identified in this study predicts that the ultimate tensile strain of a carbon nanotube is around 40% before atomic bond breakage.     

一种基于分簇的3D-RSSI的定位算法

节点定位是无线传感器网络的重要支撑技术之一,本文提出了一种适用于大规模无线传感器网络的分布式分簇定位算法。相比于集中式算法而言,本文提出的分簇式算法更适用于大规模无线传感器网络,不仅算法的复杂度低,而且通信量小,鲁棒性较好。在三维空间中随机分布节点,仿真结果表明,本文所提出的算法能取得较好的定位效果。     

A Load Balancing Algorithm in OpenFIow Networks

The goal of load balancing algorithm in OpenFlow networks is to combine the load balancing technology with the Open lqow technology, so that load balancing can adapt to the characteristics of the OpenFlow networks.The study of this paper focused on load balancing in OpenFlow networks, proposed a new load balancing algorithm.The algorithm considered the status of servers and network comprehensively, and provided the metrics for them.To distribute the network traffic to the servers and links reasonably, the goal of load balancing is reached.     

基于authorware的交互并可扩展的多媒体课件设计

auhtorware是用来开发多媒体应用程序的设计软件.本文以一个院级获奖作品为例介绍了使用authorware开发一个多媒体课件的关键技术,如交互技术,外部程序调用技术,界面设计技术等.