空时互反馈人脸检测与跟踪系统的算法与实现

针对视频序列人脸检测与跟踪算法复杂、实时性要求较强这一相互矛盾的特点,设计了基于数字媒体处理器DM642的空时互反馈人脸检测与跟踪系统;在空域,利用主成分分析和最优阈值检测人脸;在时域,根据前后帧概率密度函数的相对距离确定跟踪目标,利用卡尔曼滤波器对检测出人脸的位置进行预测,形成了空时互反馈闭环算法;实践表明,该系统运行稳定可靠,能满足实时视频监控系统的要求。     

Detection of urinary biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute renal allograft rejection by proteomic analysis

Acute allograft rejection has been recognized as a major impediment to improved success in renal transplantation. Timely detection and control of rejection are very important for the improvement in long-term renal allograft survival. Thus, biomarkers for early diagnosis of acute rejection are required urgently to clinical medication. This study seeks to search for such biomarker candidates by comparing patients' pre-treatment urinary protein profiling with their post-treatment urinary protein profiling. A total of 15 significantly and consistently down-regulated protein candidates were identified. Among them, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin precursor (AACT), tumor rejection antigen gp96 (GP96) and Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein (ZAG) were selected for further analysis. The results indicated that Western Blot assay of AACT, GP96 and ZAG had advanced the diagnosis time of acute renal rejection by 3 days, compared with current standard clinical observation and laboratory examination. Furthermore, the double-blind detection revealed that the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of acute renal rejection of AACT, GP96 and ZAG were 66.67%/100%/60%, 83.33%/100%/80% and 66.67%/100%/60%, respectively, and 100%/100%/100% in combination. In conclusion, urinary protein AACT, GP96 and ZAG could be a set of potential biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis of the acute rejection after renal transplantation.     

基于数据预处理的板蓝根注射液指纹图谱模式识别

中药色谱指纹图谱具有成分复杂、图谱基线和成分保留时间易受外界因素干扰等特点.本文对获得的色谱指纹图谱进行基线校正和色谱峰保留时间校正的数据预处理,不需色谱峰的积分,直接用各色谱信号的全谱数据评价相似度、主成分投影分析和谱系聚类分析,将各厂家的注射液样本正确分类并检出其中的异常样本,为处理和评价中药色谱指纹图谱数据,提供客观、便捷的方法.     

实验室装备及实验室信息管理系统

本文回顾了CISILE 2008第六届中国科学仪器及实验室装备展览会,并对通用实验室设备、制药等行业相关的实验室设备、实验室信息管理系统LIMS等技术和展品的最新情况进行了概述。     

电力线通信技术的应用研究

分析了电力线通信技术(PLC)的特点和技术要素,详细论述了广东工业实训中心大楼的PLC解决方案.最后通过对实际应用效果的总结,指出了电力线通信在我国的应用前景.     

手推式电子叉车秤倾角与称重误差补偿算法研究

针对电子叉车秤在使用过程中出现的车体倾斜导致称重误差精度下降等问题,提出了一种有效的称重误差补偿算法。首先,分析电子叉车秤倾斜角度对称重性能的影响,搭建一个多方向可变角度倾斜的实验平台,以模拟叉车秤的倾斜状态并获取精确的称重数据。其次,根据所获得的数据与称重误差补偿原理,建立倾斜状态下电子叉车秤的称重误差补偿算法模型,并运用最小二乘法及多层感知机非线性回归方法识别模型参数。最后,本文对具有1 500 kg量程和0.02 kg感量的电子叉车秤进行了倾斜测试实验,结果表明,在地面倾角不超过1.5°的范围内,在任意倾斜方向仪器最大允许误差MPE<0.75 kg,具有3 000分度数的精度。     

瞬变 / 谐变一体化的大地电磁收发线圈设计

采用瞬变电磁法和谐变电磁法仪器观测地下空间数据并进行融合处理,能够提高探测成像能力,然而现有的瞬变电磁法和谐变电磁法仪器独立成套,必须配置多套仪器分次采集。设计了一种可满足瞬变/谐变两种模式使用的小型、大带宽、高灵敏度大地电磁收发线圈,为便携、浅层高分辨的瞬变/谐变一体化电磁探测系统开发奠定基础。首先,建立了空心线圈传感器等效电路模型,分析了线圈传感器的灵敏度和噪声特性,制作的传感器经过测试表明,在1 125 Hz处,灵敏度为23.12 mV/nT,等效磁噪声9.27 pT/√Hz,传感器带宽1 Hz～100 kHz;然后,通过公式和有限元软件对传感线圈偏心放置时收发耦合进行了计算,确定了收发线圈组合的最佳耦合位置,计算和仿真结果与实际位置分别相差0.21%和0.17%,有效对消了发射磁场(一次场)。构建了时间域和频率域电磁法探测系统,测试表明,设计的瞬变/谐变一体化收发线圈能够满足时间域和频率域电磁法两种探测模式使用。     

A Sensing and Stretchable Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal Device Based on Spiderweb-Inspired Silver Nanowires-Micromesh Transparent Electrode

Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) devices are truly promising optical modulators for information display, smart window as well as intelligent photoelectronic applications due to their fast switching, large optical modulation as well as cost-effectiveness. However, realizing highly soft PDLC devices with sensing function remains a grand challenge because of the intrinsic brittleness of traditional transparent conductive electrodes. Here, inspired by spiderweb configuration, a novel type of silver nanowires (AgNWs) micromesh-based stretchable transparent conductive electrodes (STCEs) is developed to support the realization of soft PDLC device. Benefiting from the embedding design of AgNWs micromesh in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the STCEs can maintain excellent electrical conductivity and transparency even in various extreme conditions such as bending, folding, twisting, stretching as well as multiple chemical corrosion. Further, STCEs with the embedded AgNWs micromesh endow the assembled PDLC device with excellent photoelectrical properties including rapid switching speed (<1 s), large optical modulation (69% at 600 nm), as well as robust mechanical stability (bending over 1000 cycles and stretching to 40%). Moreover, the device displays the pressure sensing function with high sensitivity in response to pressure stimulus. It is conceivable that AgNWs micromesh transparent electrodes will shape the next generation of related soft smart electronics.     

中压馈线分段策略的实用优化模型和方法

对馈线进行合理分段是提高馈线供电可靠性的简单有效的重要措施,涉及分段策略(含分段数及其开关或终端类型选择)的优化。基于用户均匀分布假设,推导了断路器与负荷开关混合配置下的馈线系统平均停电时间(system average interruption duration index,SAIDI)估算公式,完善了架空馈线SAIDI与分段数的通用简化公式;基于涉及可靠性和经济性的目标和约束给出了2种馈线分段策略的实用优化模型,并针对架空馈线和电缆馈线的不同特点提出了相应的简化求解方法;最后通过典型算例计算得到了不同供电区域、不同线路长度的分段优化策略,表明了所提模型方法的有效和实用。     

基于宽频带同步基频提取滤波器的永磁同步电机转子位置与转速估计

由于滑模观测器的固有抖振及控制算法延迟、死区效应等非理想因素的影响,估计反电动势信号包含的谐波难以完全消除,已成为影响系统控制精度的主要因素。为了提升表贴式永磁同步电机的转子位置与转速观测精度,该文提出一种宽频带同步基频提取滤波器,提取估计反电动势基波。在此基础上,提出宽频带同步基频提取滤波器（WSFEF）与锁频环结合的信号处理方法,锁频环（FLL）的应用实现了WSFEF跟踪频率的自适应。构造基于WSFEF-FLL-锁相环（PLL）的位置与转速估计方法,将其应用到滑模控制中,增强了对谐波的抑制能力,提高了转子位置和转速估计的动态性能。仿真和实验验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。