有机改性蒙脱土／木粉／PVC复合材料的阻燃性研究

将有机改性蒙脱土（OMMT）加入PVC木塑体系，制备了有机蒙脱土／木粉／聚氯乙烯（OMMT／WF／PVC）纳米复合材料。采用锥形扫描量热测试法研究了OMMT用量对WF／PVC复合材料阻燃性能的影响。结果表明，添加OMMT可明显降低木塑的初始热失重率，但使快速热分解的开始时间提前，大大提高样品的燃烧残余率，显著延迟木塑的点燃时间和燃烧热峰值产生时间，OMMT起到了有效的阻燃作用。OMMT的加入还降低了总燃烧热，但燃烧热峰值有所增加，并使发烟量有所增加，CO和CO2产率也随之提高，增加了木塑燃烧的烟气危害性。     

Ce:Nd:ZnWO4激光晶体的生长及其光谱性能

采用提拉法生长出光学质量的Nd:ZnWO4,Ce:ZnWO4和Ce:Nd:ZnWO4晶体.通过X射线衍射仪对晶体样品的微观结构进行了分析.测试了晶体的吸收光谱、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱和荧光光谱.根据Judd-Ofelt理论计算出Nd:ZnWO4晶体中Nd3 的强度参数为:Ω2=6.820 2×10-20 cm2,Ω4=0.463 3×10-20 cm2,Ω6=0.443 5×10-20 cm2.研究了Ce3 和Nd3 之间的能量转移现象.结果表明:Nd3 在850 nm激发时产生上转换发射峰位于474 nm和572 nm处,分别对应于2G9/2,4K13/2到基态能级4I9/2跃迁,计算出该峰的自发辐射几率为1 360 s-1,荧光寿命为7.353×10-4 s,发射截面为0.905 9×10-23 cm2.     

R-卡尼丁的合成和改进

以环氧氯丙烷为原料合成了 ( R,S) -卡尼丁 ,用二苯甲酰 - L-酒石酸对其进行了拆分 ,对反应和拆分条件进行了优化 ,并用氧化还原法实现了 S-卡尼丁的消旋化 ,使其可以回收利用。     

K2CO3生产中NH4Cl废水的回收技术

分析了反渗透的基本原理，详细介绍了采用反渗透膜分离技术回收利用K2CO3生产过程中产生的含NH4Cl废水的工艺过程。处理低浓度含NH4Cl废水100m^3／h和高浓度含NH4Cl废水40m^3／h工业化装置建成投产后，处理前低浓度废水含NH4Cl1000mg／L，高浓度废水含NH4Cl10000mg／L，pH=8～10；处理后，产品淡水含NH4Cl≤10mg／L、pH=7～8，产品浓水含NH4Cl≥60000mg／L、pH=8～lO。该装置的投运，取得了明显的经济效益和社会效益。     

Use of cascade reduction potential for selective precipitation of Au,Cu, and Pb in hydrochloric acid solution

Optimization of reduction potential for electroseparation was studied for the recovery of gold, copper, and lead from acidic solution. A linear sweep voltammetric method enabled us to determine characteristic reduction potentials for each metal and the kinetics of the metal deposition indicated by current-voltage curves. In order to precipitate the metal species sequentially, reduction potentials were examined for the individual and mixed solutions of Au(III), Cu(II), and Pb(II). The three metals were reasonably well isolated from the mixed solutions such as Cu(II)/ Pb(II) and Au(III)/Cu(II)/Pb(II) in the order of the corresponding reduction potentials, in particular, the mass transfer controlled reduction potentials, obtained from linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) measurement.     

世界各大轮胎公司最新设计简介

1.大陆轮胎公司(1)研发新型宽基型拖车轮胎为适应不断增长的拖车轮胎市场需要,大陆载重轮胎欧洲公司新开发成功宽基型拖车轮胎——     

乙酰化修饰对黑穗醋栗果实多糖结构特性及活性的影响

利用乙酸酐对黑穗醋栗果实多糖(BP)进行乙酰化修饰,选择低、中、高3种取代度(DS)的乙酰化多糖ABP-1(DS=0.14±0.02)、ABP-2(DS=0.28±0.02)和ABP-3(DS=0.55±0.01)进行性能测试,考察了乙酰化对BP单糖组成、形貌特征等结构特性及活性的影响。FTIR和GC结果表明,乙酰化修饰对BP碳链主要特征没有影响,ABP-1、ABP-2、ABP-3和BP均含有半乳糖醛酸、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖、木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖,但其摩尔分数不同。刚果红实验显示,乙酰化多糖和BP均无三螺旋结构;SEM结果表明,乙酰化多糖和BP外观形状不同。活性实验结果表明,乙酰化多糖有较强的自由基(DPPH·、OH·、O_2~–·)清除活性,及α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性,大小顺序为:BP ABP-1 ABP-2 ABP-3 阳性对照(VC或阿卡波糖)。α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制动力学结果表明,BP和乙酰化多糖对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制属于竞争性抑制。     

生姜田杂草防除试验

将33%二甲戊乐灵EC、24%乙氧氟草醚EC和20%二甲戊·乙氧氟草醚EC用作生姜田播后苗前土壤处理,结果表明,生姜田除草20%二甲戊·乙氧氟草醚EC2400～2850ml/hm2(制剂含量)防治效果最佳,优于33%二甲戊乐灵EC和24%乙氧氟草醚EC,在推荐剂量下,对生姜安全,且有显著增产效果。     

A Comparison of the Levels of Lutein and Zeaxanthin in Corn Germ Oil,Corn Fiber Oil and Corn Kernel Oil

All commercial corn oil is obtained by pressing corn germ and/or extracting the germ with hexane. In the current study, six types of corn oil were prepared by extracting corn germ, corn fiber and ground corn, each with hexane or with ethanol. The levels of lutein, zeaxanthin and other carotenoids were quantitatively analyzed in the six corn oils. The levels of lutein + zeaxanthin in the oil ranged from 2.3 μg/g for hexane-extracted corn germ oil to 220.9 μg/g for ethanol-extracted ground corn oil. These results indicate that a diet that includes 30 g (~2 tbsp) per day of the unrefined corn oil obtained by extracting ground corn with ethanol would provide ~6 mg of lutein + zeaxanthin, the daily dosage that is currently considered to be necessary to slow the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.     

合成氢化松香乙酯的新工艺研究

以DRC为催化剂,在无溶剂条件下,通过氢化松香与乙醇的直接酯化反应合成氢化松香乙酯。探索了反应温度、催化剂用量、反应时间、物料配比等因素对反应酯化率的影响,确定最佳反应条件为:反应温度180℃,催化剂用量为原料氢化松香质量的6%,反应时间6h,醇与酸的摩尔比为3∶1。在最佳条件下酯化率达92.2%。还探讨了用阴离子交换树脂柱层析分离纯化氢化松香乙酯粗产物的方法。此外,利用红外光谱对氢化松香乙酯精制产物进行了表征;用GC-MS分别对氢化松香乙酯粗产物及其精制产物进行了定性和定量分析,比较了柱层析前后化学组成的变化。