Morphogenesis of atypical myocardial infarct

Morphology of atypical myocardial infarctions and their morphogenesis were studied in 120 cases. The importance of atherosclerosis as the background process, the secondary development of coronary thrombosis and the leading role of metabolic factors (hypoxy, acidosis, etc) in the origin of atypical myocardial infarctions were established.     

Histamine H1- and H2-receptor vasodilation of canine intestinal circulation

Studies were conducted in anesthetized dogs to determine whether the mesenteric vasodilator response to histamine is mediated by H1 receptors alone or whether H2 receptors are also involved in the response. Evidence favoring a role for both receptors included: 1) the vasodilator response to histamine was inhibited by either the H1-receptor antagonist, tripelennamine, or the H2-receptor antagonist, metiamide; 2) both the H1 agonist, 2-methylhistamine, and the H2 agonist, 4-methylhistamine, induced dilator responses in the mesenteric circulation; and 3) two temporal patterns of vasodilation could be distinguished, namely a transient spike and subsequent fade of blood flow (seen with either the H1 agonist or with histamine after H2-receptor blockade) and a sustained and stable increase in flow (seen with either the H2 agonist or with histamine after H1 blockade). Metiamide appeared to be a potent inhibitor of the mesenteric vasodilator response to histamine at least equal to tripelennamine.     

Study of the sensitivity of Anopheles to insecticides in northeastern Afghanistan

Two unusual anaerobic vibrio-like organisms were recovered from blood cultures of two patients. One isolate was identified as Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. It appeared to be the cause of a 24-h episode of fever, chills, and profuse perspiration. This is apparently the first documented report of human infection due to this organism. The second isolate was a Succinivibrio species. It has rarely been described as a cause of bacteremia. The clinical significance of the organism remains unclear.     

低频波动条件下流体平面渗流模型研究

低频振动采油技术已成为一项重要的物理增产、增注措施,但其理论研究水平目前还相对滞后于现场应用.针对这一问题,运用渗流力学、波场传播的基本原理,建立了低频波动条件下地层流体的渗流模型,定量描述了地层、流体参数与振动采油压力波动之间的关系,并利用解析方法分析计算,认为低频波场主要受储层渗透率和振动频率两大因素影响.振动采油现场施工可以通过适当调整振动频率改善施工效果.     

一种新型无芯PCB平面电感器研究

本文主要介绍了在印制板上制作无芯电感的方法,分析了其结构和性能,并采用数值计算方法建立了平面电感计算模型,为设计电感提供了一条切实可行的途径。采用现代化的印制板技术,可以精确地控制电感器的绕线宽度、线间距,克服了机器绕线一致性差的缺点,并使电感从三维向两维发展,为器件的表面贴装打下了基础。     

松质骨组织的若干超声参量成像方法

介绍了两种松质骨组织超声参量成像方法,即宽带超声衰减成像和超声传导速度成像,概述了这两种基于透射法的成像方法的基本原理以及应用情况．并指出了采用超声透射法参量成像时存在的问题。然后对基于背散射法的超声背散射系数成像方法的可行性进行了分析和讨论,最后对进一步的研究工作进行了展望。     

Orally active, hydrolytically stable, semisynthetic, antimalarial trioxanes in the artemisinin family

In only three chemical operations, natural trioxane lactone artemisinin (1) was converted into a series of C-10 carbon-substituted 10-deoxoartemisinin compounds 4-9. The three steps involved lactone reduction, replacement of the anomeric lactol OH by F using diethylaminosulfur trifluoride, and finally boron trifluoride-promoted substitution of F by aryl, heteroaryl, and acetylide nucleophiles. All of these C-10 nonacetal, chemically robust, enantiomerically pure compounds 4-9 have high antimalarial potencies in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites, and furans 5a and 5b and pyrrole 7a are antimalarially potent also in vivo even when administered to rodents orally.     

Cation transport: an example of structural based selectivity

Through the high-resolution structure of the gramicidin A channel in lamellar phase lipids and the characterization of specific ion peptide interactions, fundamental principles for ion channel selectivity and conductance efficiency are illustrated with atomic resolution detail. Delocalized cation binding in the first turn of the helix reduces the unfavorable entropy contribution upon binding. Stepwise dehydration minimizes the energy barrier for cation entry and provides valence selectivity in this channel. Three or more water molecules in the monovalent cation binding site result in flexibility in the cation solvation environment causing weak cation size selectivity. Lack of cation induced structural modification avoids the formation of a significant energy barrier, thus permitting efficient cation transport.     

An automatic braking system that stabilizes leukocyte rolling by an increase in selectin bond number with shear

Wall shear stress in postcapillary venules varies widely within and between tissues and in response to inflammation and exercise. However, the speed at which leukocytes roll in vivo has been shown to be almost constant within a wide range of wall shear stress, i.e., force on the cell. Similarly, rolling velocities on purified selectins and their ligands in vitro tend to plateau. This may be important to enable rolling leukocytes to be exposed uniformly to activating stimuli on endothelium, independent of local hemodynamic conditions. Wall shear stress increases the rate of dissociation of individual selectin-ligand tether bonds exponentially (, ) thereby destabilizing rolling. We find that this is compensated by a shear-dependent increase in the number of bonds per rolling step. We also find an increase in the number of microvillous tethers to the substrate. This explains (a) the lack of firm adhesion through selectins at low shear stress or high ligand density, and (b) the stability of rolling on selectins to wide variation in wall shear stress and ligand density, in contrast to rolling on antibodies (). Furthermore, our data successfully predict the threshold wall shear stress below which rolling does not occur. This is a special case of the more general regulation by shear of the number of bonds, in which the number of bonds falls below one.