快速施工技术在炼油化工装置检修工程设备基础施工中的应用

1　前言我公司历年来多次承担大型炼油化工装置检修工程设备基础的施工任务。检修中土建工程施工同一般工程相比具有施工工序复杂 (增加了原有基础拆除及原有坚向破除 )、施工工紧 (一般装置检修土建、安装工程总工期为 2 5天左右 )等特点 ,针对这些特点我们采用了快速施工技术 ,较好地保证了工程的施工工期和大型设备吊装所需要的砼抗压强度 ,满足了检修工程对土建工程的要求。2　采用的主要施工技术2 .1　加大模板预制深度　按照设备基础外形尺寸 ,并考虑支模方便、起重运输能力等因素 ,在预制场将设备基础模板预制成三种形式 :(1)塔、容…     

活化铁矿粉技术及其效果评价

随勘探技术发展,高压超高压油气井日益增多,高密度、超高密度钻井液使用也越来越多.室内为配制密度大干2.4 g/cm3的超高密度钻井液,采用铁矿粉作为加重剂,并通过表面活化的原理对铁矿粉进行表面处理,以提高钻井液的固相容纳能力.该活化工艺借鉴了国内外相关产品的技术特点,以优选的表面活性剂为主要活化材料,并添加了无机盐和硅酸盐作为助吸附材料,提高了活化效果.室内实验表明,用活化铁矿粉加重的钻井液体系能保持良好的流变性和悬浮能力,能保证钻进时的正常循环,并且摩阻系数也低于常规铁矿粉加重钻井液.     

Sunflower Head Residue Pectin Extraction as Affected by Physical Conditions

Effects of extraction pH, temperature, and time on yield and quality of pectin from sunflower heads (Interstate cultivar) were investigated. The low-methoxyl pectin was extracted, using 0.75% sodium hexametaphosphate at pH 3, 4, and 5 and at 75, 85, and 95°for 20, 40, and 60 min, respectively. Yield, molecular mass, and firmness of jellies of the pectins were determined. Three-way statistical analysis on yield, molecular mass and gel firmness showed strong interactions among pH, temperature and time. Highest yields were obtained at pH 5, 95°for 20 min and pH 4, 85°for 40 min. Pectin extracted for 40 min at pH 3 and 4 and at 85°and 75°C, respectively, had the highest molecular mass. Gel firmness of sunflower pectin prepared at pH 5.4 was higher than that of a commercial citrus pectin.     

洪水频率计算新方法探讨

文章针对当前洪水频率计算方法存在的不足,按天气将洪水进行分类,利用多个水文随机模型组成一个新模型,从而提出一种频率计算新方法,即按成因分类分别模拟推求频率。     

一种改进的运动补偿三维小波视频编码方法

Choi等[1]提出的运动补偿三维子带编码方法是一种具有代表性的高效小波视频编码方法,其编码效率优于国际标准MPEG-2.但是该方法的运算复杂度高,编码时也没有充分利用小波图像的特点.为此,本文对该方法的两项关键技术进行了改进:采用像素域降采样运动估计技术以降低运算复杂度,采用改进的集分裂分层树(Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees,SPIHT)方法对三维时/空子带进行更高效的编码.实验结果表明,与原有的算法相比,本文的工作不仅降低了运算复杂度,也进一步提高了编码效率.     

基于EWB的D/A数模转换器的仿真研究

阐述了D／A转换器的仿真原理，给出了T形电阻网络D／A转换器仿真模型的构造方法，并采用EWB进行了系统仿真，仿真结果表明该方法是合理、可行的。     

Photocatalytic degradation of 2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl) propane (BPP) based on molecular recognition interaction

BACKGROUND: Endocrine disruptors in the aquatic environment and their potential adverse effects are currently issues of concern. One of these endocrine disruptors is 2,2‐bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methylphenyl)propane (BPP). In this work the molecular recognition interaction of BPP with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) was studied using IR spectroscopy and steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, and the photocatalytic degradation behaviour of BPP based on molecular recognition interaction was investigated in a TiO₂/UV–visible (λ_max = 365 nm) system. This might provide a new method for the treatment of some organic pollutants in wastewater. RESULTS: β‐CD reacts with BPP to form a 1:1 inclusion complex, the formation constant of which is 4.94 × 10³ L mol^?1. The photodegradation rate constant of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD showed a 1.42‐fold increase in the TiO₂/UV–visible (λ_max = 365 nm) system. The photodegradation of BPP depended on the concentration of β‐CD, the pH value, the gaseous medium and the initial concentration of BPP. The photodegradation efficiency of BPP with molecular recognition was higher than that without molecular recognition. After 100 min of irradiation the mineralisation efficiency of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD reached 94.8%, whereas the mineralisation efficiency of BPP before molecular recognition by β‐CD was only 40.6%. CONCLUSION: The photocatalytic degradation of BPP after molecular recognition by β‐CD can be enhanced in the TiO₂/UV‐visible (λ_max = 365 nm) system. This enhancement is dependent on the enhancement of the adsorption of BPP, the moderate inclusion depth of BPP in the β‐CD cavity and the increase in the frontier electron density of BPP after molecular recognition. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

汾河二库枢纽工程水力机械设计简述

水力机械专业设计是整个枢纽工程不可或缺的一部分，对枢纽大坝和水电站安全运行起到至关重要的作用。文章简要叙述了汾河二库枢纽工程混凝土坝水力机械和水电站水力机械辅助系统的设计思路和技术要点。     

A new efficient numerical method and the dynamic analysis of composite laminates with piezoelectric layers

Firstly, a numerical method for the inversion of Laplace transform is developed and its accuracy is shown through examples. Then, a state-vector equation for the dynamic problems of piezoelectric plates is deduced directly from a modified mixed variational principle for piezoelectric bodies and its exact solution for the dynamic problems of simply supported rectangle piezoelectric plate is simply given. For multilayered hybrid plates, we derive the solution in terms of the propagator matrices. The techniques accounts for the compatibility of generalized displacements and generalized stresses on the interface both the elastic layers and piezoelectric layers, and the transverse shear deformation and the rotary inertia of laminate are also considered in the global algebraic equation of structure. Meanwhile, there is no restriction on the thickness and the number of layers. As an application of the numerical inversion of Laplace transform presented in this paper, typical numerical examples of the harmonic vibration and transient response are proposed and discussed. Since the highly accurate numerical results, they can serve as benchmarks to test various thick plate theories and various numerical methods, such as the finite and boundary element methods for transient response problems.