Effect of Joint Thickness and Residual Stresses on the Properties of Ceramic Adhesive Joints: I, Finite Element Analysis of Stresses in Joints

The finite element method was used to determine the stress distributions in adhesive joints prepared using alumina adher-ends and silicate glass adhesives with varying thicknesses and thermal expansion coefficients. These analyses, together with the results of literature analyses for joints subjected to externally applied loads, aided in interpreting the experimental observations which are described in Part II of the paper.     

SEX DIFFERENCES RELATED TO SELF-ESTEEM FACTOR STRUCTURE.

AFACTOR ANALYSIS OF SELF-ESTEEM ITEMS FOR 298 UNDERGRADUATES YIELDED 5 IDENTIFIABLE FACTORS: COMMUNICATIVE PROPENSITY, OTHER-ANXIETY, NEGATIVE SELF-EVALUATION, POSITIVE SELF-EVALUATION, AND OTHER-CERTAINTY. A FACTOR ANALYSIS OF 272 UNDERGRADUATES' RESPONSES TO SELECTED SELF-ESTEEM ITEMS, AS WELL AS ADDITIONAL ITEMS, YIELDED SIMILAR FACTOR STRUCTURE. HOWEVER, SEPARATE ANALYSIS OF THE FEMALE DATA REVEALED THAT THE NEGATIVE SELF-EVALUATION AND OTHER-CERTAINTY FACTORS FORMED A SINGLE DIMENSION, SUGGESTING THAT PART OF FEMALES' SELF-EVALUATION DEPENDS ON CERTAINTY OF PEER APPROVAL. THIS RELATIONSHIP DOES NOT APPEAR FOR MALES. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CITATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL NETWORK IN 1950 AND IN 1960.

THE FLOW OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE AMONG 21 PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNALS, AS INDEXED BY RECIPROCAL CITATION FREQUENCIES, WAS STUDIED AS A COMMUNICATION NETWORK BY THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION THEORY AND OTHER STATISTICS. JOURNALS BEING CITED WERE TREATED AS SOURCES OF INFORMATION WITHIN THE NETWORK AND JOURNALS DOING THE CITING WERE TREATED AS DESTINATIONS OF INFORMATION. THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THIS NETWORK, FOR 1959 AND 1960, WAS IN TERMS OF SUCH MEASURES AS: TRAFFIC (NUMBER OF MESSAGES EXCHANGED), CONGRUENCE (CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOURCE AND DESTINATION PROBABILITIES), FEEDING VS. STORING FUNCTIONS (RATIOS OF BEING CITED TO CITING), SELF-FEEDING (SELF-CITATION OF JOURNALS), SOURCE AND DESTINATION BALANCES (ENTROPY MEASURES, H, FOR BEING CITED AND CITING ACROSS THE NETWORK), AND NETWORK ORGANIZATION (CONDITIONED PREDICTABILITY OF DESTINATION JOURNAL GIVEN SOURCE JOURNAL). DISTANCE MEASURES WERE APPLIED TO CHARACTERIZE THE STRUCTURE OF THE NETWORK (WHICH JOURNALS ARE CLOSE TO OTHERS IN TERMS OF RECIPROCAL CITATION) IN BOTH 1950 AND 1960. THUMBNAIL SKETCHES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF EACH JOURNAL WITHIN THE NETWORK, IN TERMS OF THESE MEASURES, ARE PRESENTED. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Spontaneous Cracking in Unfired Magnesia Compacts Upon Standing in Air

Analytical-grade magnesium oxide powder without binder was compressed hydrostatically to 50,000 lb. per sq. in. to form compacts. When exposed to moist air immediately after pressing, these compacts developed irregularly shaped cracks. Controlled tests, in which these compacts were exposed for various lengths of time to various atmospheres, indicated that in general water vapor, carbon dioxide, and residual stresses had to be present if cracking was to occur. The probable cause of the cracking was the formation of a less dense and mechanically weak basic carbonate of magnesium at crystallite surface points of high stress concentration which developed during the compacting. The adsorption of dry CO₂ at such sites prevented subsequent delayed fracture.