非饱和土本构关系及变形计算

总结了非饱和土本构模型当前研究的新进展,包括弹性模型、巴塞罗那模型的各种改进,其它形式包含吸力的应力变量模型、膨胀土弹塑性模型、损伤力学模型、热力学模型、浸水变形计算模型等。同时总结了这些模型用于有限元计算时所要解决的问题,包括吸力的确定、矩阵的形成等。     

伍重的合院住宅:生活、自然与中国建筑

丹麦建筑师尤恩·伍重(J?rn Utzon)的合院住宅方案常在建筑历史与理论的相关研究与讨论中被提及。同时,国际上对其建筑艺术的成就认可度也逐渐提升。然而, 之前学者对伍重职业生涯的了解十分有限,尤其是相较于今天伍重档案(The Utzon Archives)所能提供的数据而言。 因此,本文根据该档案中记录的史料以及伍重家人与同事的口述,分析伍重的合院住宅方案如何深切反映了他的建筑哲学以及对现代住宅的想象,特别是从喜龙仁、阿尔瓦·阿尔托与林语堂的作品中所受到的启发。     

A FUZZY REASONING APPROACH TO SUPPORT KNOWLEDGE ACQUISITION

Abstract

Acquisition of a user's computer based problem-solving skill is an important research area in human-computer interaction. This type of information usually can be derived by careful inspection on the actual dialog behavior. To implement such a knowledge reasoning agent, several crucial issues are pointed out and carefully inspected. These include: (a) appropirtate knowledge representation schema that are able to demonstrate the causal relationship between pairs of dialog events; (b) the formulation of a valid formula in calculating the overall knowledge index from the background information; (c) determination of the minimum sufficient number of dialog events required to form a discernible pattern; and (d) generalization of categories of performance patterns that can be applied to all types of application domains. A prototype reasoning agent based on the proposed methodology is constructed and its effectiveness is verified with the dialog events during UNIX operations.     

Incidence of Salmonella in Fresh Pork Sausage in 1979 Compared with 1969

A Salmonella survey was conducted to determine its incidence in fresh pork sausage. Retail size samples representing different days of production were collected from 40 federally inspected plants and analyzed for the presence of salmonellae. The results obtained during the 1979 survey were compared to results obtained in a similar 1969 survey. Salmonellae were isolated from 162 of the 566 (28.6%) samples analyzed in 1969. For the samples analyzed in 1979, 74 of 603 samples (12.4%) were positive for salmonellae. The reduction of 16.2% over 1969 indicates a reduction in the incidence of Salmonella in this product for the firms tested.     

Improving the efficiency of matrix operations in the numerical solution of large implicit systems of linear differential equations

By combining techniques from numerical linear algebra and well-developed and effective software for ordinary differential equations, a package of efficient procedures has been implemented to compute the numerical solution of large implicit systems of (stiff) linear differential equations of the form without explicitly forming E ^?1. Such systems arise naturally in, for example, closed-loop simulations of state space models derived from finite element analysis. Numerical experiments have been run to evaluate the performance of the package with respect to accuracy and efficiency. The results showed that exploiting linearity resulted in significant time savings in the solution of high order problems. It was also observed that substantial improvement was possible even for systems of modest size.     

COMBINING A RADIAL BASIS NEURAL NETWORK WITH TIME SERIES ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES TO PREDICT MANUFACTURING PROCESS PARAMETERS

The accurate prediction of the values of critical quality parameters of a product during the production stage is a key factor in the success of a manufacturing operation. Neural network algorithms have been used to successfully predict process parameter values. However, techniques to further improve the predictive capability of neural network models are sought. Thus, an analysis was conducted to determine if the predictive capability of the network would he improved if the prediction from a time series model of a manufacturing process parameter were included in the training data set of a radial basis function neural network model. A manufacturing process data set was evaluated, and the use of the time series model prediction significantly improved the neural network's prediction of critical process parameters. Often in a manufacturing environment, the collection of adequate amounts of data for network training is difficult. This integrated technique offers potential for improving network performance without collecting additional data.     

A method for automated detection of gene expression required for the establishment of a digital transcriptome-wide gene expression atlas

Acquiring information about the expression of a gene in different cell populations and tissues can provide key insight into the function of the gene. A high-throughput in situ hybridization (ISH) method was recently developed for rapid and reproducible acquisition of gene expression patterns in serial tissue sections at cellular resolution. Characterizing and analysing expression patterns on thousands of sections requires efficient methods for locating cells and estimating the level of expression in each cell. Such cellular quantification is an essential step in both annotating and quantitatively comparing high-throughput ISH results. Here we describe a novel automated and efficient methodology for performing this quantification on postnatal mouse brain.     

生物炭改性土的甲烷吸附试验研究

生物覆盖层是一种新型生活垃圾填埋场覆盖层,对比传统的压实黏土覆盖层其具有较高的甲烷氧化能力,减少垃圾填埋场甲烷的释放。生物炭作为生物覆盖介质,除了提高土壤甲烷氧化能力之外,其较大的比表面积还能增加甲烷吸附能力。为更好地理解生物炭对土壤的甲烷吸附特性的影响,通过批量吸附试验研究生物炭改性土在不同甲烷初始浓度与生物炭掺量下的甲烷吸附能力。试验结果表明添加生物炭能提高土壤甲烷吸附能力,相比较原土,炭掺量为20%的改性土最大甲烷吸附量提高了一个量级,甲烷吸附能力得到明显提高主要得益于生物炭的多孔结构。并且生物炭改性土的吸附特性均符合Lagergren准二级吸附动力模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型。     

合成孔径雷达海面风场反演研究进展

合成孔径雷达高分辨率、全天候的观测能力使其成为大面积获取高分辨海面风场的重要手段,这有助于我们理解各种海洋现象的物理过程,尤其是在海岸带,合成孔径雷达反演风场更具优势。以合成孔径雷达风向确定方式为主线,详细阐述了国内外学者在合成孔径雷达风场反演方面的研究进展,主要包括：利用影像线性纹理特征进行风场反演、基于外部初始风向的风场反演方法以及利用影像本身所包含的其它信息进行的风场反演工作,诸如距离向入射角差异、多极化后向散射等,并对合成孔径雷达风场反演的发展给出自己的观点。