Effects of short cracks produced at blunted pre-crack tip on stress and strain distributions

The present work investigates problems: (1) How are the plastic strain and the stress (triaxiality) re-distributed after a short crack initiated, extended and blunted at the pre-crack tip? (2) How do the above changes put a crucial effect on the triggering of the cleavage fracture? Based on the previous observations of configuration changes and fracture surfaces of pre-crack tips, Finite element method (FEM) simulations of a short crack initiated, extended and blunted at a pre-crack tip and calculations of distributions of stress, strain and triaxiality are carried out for 3PB pre-cracked HSLA steel specimens tested at -130^°C. The results reveal that: as long as the fatigue pre-crack is only blunted, in its vicinity a region where the accumulated strain is sufficient to nucleate a crack, and a region where the stress (triaxiality) is sufficient to propagate a crack nucleus are separated by a distance. The nucleated crack cannot be propagated and the cleavage fracture cannot be triggered. While a short crack produced at the fully blunted fatigue pre-crack, the strain retains, the stress (triaxiality) is rebuilt. An initiated and significantly extended and then blunted short crack makes a tip configuration, which on one hand is much sharper than that of the fully blunted original pre-crack tip, on other hand is wide enough to spread its effects into the high stress covered region. This sharpened crack tip configuration re-builds a ‘sharper’ distribution of stress (triaxiality) and makes two regions metioned above closer. Finally the two regions overlap each other and a cleavage crack can be initiated and propagated at a distance ahead of the blunted fatigue pre-crack.     

氮离子注入法合成CNx膜的化学键表征

采用N离子注入金刚石膜和热解石墨方法合成了CNx膜,用Raman光谱和XPS谱对合成薄膜中C、N的化学键合状态进行了研究.通过与Raman光谱的比较,我们对合成样品XPS谱中N1s的化学键合状态作出如下归属:≈400.0 eV属于sp2 C-N键;≈398.5 eV则属于sp3 C-N键.结果显示:碳原子、氮原子间的化学键合状态,明显地依赖于衬底材料及注入N离子的能量.     

Relative hazard rate estimation for right censored and left truncated data

In medical research differences among treatment groups are a common focus of study. The concept of relative hazard rate is a tool for comparing two groups in terms of their difference in risk rates. A kernel estimator is proposed in the case where both samples are subject to left truncation and right censoring and an iid representation is obtained in this setup. The asymptotic distribution and the asymptotic mean squared error of the estimator are obtained. An application to the famous Channing House data set illustrates the theory. Research supported in part by MCyT Grants PB98-0182-C02-01 and BFM2002-00265 (ERDF support included) and XUGA Grant PGIDT00PX110501 PN for the first author and by the Ministry of the Flemish Community (Project BIL00/28, International Scientific and Technological Cooperation) and by the IAP research network nr P5/24 of the Belgian State (Federal Office for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs) for the last two authors.     

CAV424倾角传感器的检测系统设计

在实验的基础上,提出一种设计差动电容传感器调理电路的新方法,引入AMG公司开发的将电容信号转换成电压信号的集成电路CAV424,以及CAV424在倾角传感器中的应用。另外,结合实例给出系统各部分的详细硬件原理图。     

高速DSP数据采集的信号完整性问题

深入研究高速数字电路设计中的信号完整性问题;分析电路中破坏信号完整性的原因;结合一个实际的DSP数据采集系统,阐述实现信号完整性的具体方法。     

利用透射对应原理画透视图的探讨

用二平面及不属于这二平面的点S或根据空间笛沙格定理建立平面场的透视对应，由此建立平面上的透射对应，用透射对应原理建立透视图与平面图的对应关系，证明用透射对应画透视图的原理，探讨用此原理画透视图的方法，并将用此方法所画透视图与用视线法所画透视图进行比较。     

大学生适应不良的心理原因透视及对策分析

适应不良问题已困扰着相当一部分大学生 ,由此出现程度不同的心理障碍 ,试就此问题作心理原因探析 ,并提出相应的对策     

提高排球普修课扣球教学效果的方法和手段

正面扣球是排球教学中的主要教学环节与难点,文章着重分析了扣球技术的教学方法与重点环节,并结合实际教学经验,提出合理性建议。