Role conflict and role ambiguity: Do the scales measure these two constructs?

Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to the conflict and ambiguity scales developed by J. R. Rizzo et al (see record 1971-01407-001). Alternative models were contrasted to evaluate the possibilities that (a) the 14 items comprising the scales do measure the two purported constructs, (b) the 14 items measure only one construct, or (c) the 14 items load complexly on a second-order factor model. The second-order factor model was superior across three independent subject samples (total n?=?913), indicating that these measures do not establish role conflict and role ambiguity as two factorially independent constructs. The authors conclude that alternative scales are needed; suggestions for scale development are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A CRACK-TIP-ZONE INTERACTION MODEL FOR CREEP-FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH

Abstract— A crack-tip-zone interaction model for creep-fatigue crack growth is proposed. The basic details of the model are described. Experimental evidence in support of this model is presented. Existing data on creep-fatigue crack growth interaction agree qualitatively with the model. Some quantitative evidence for the model is presented and more is being developed in current work.     

AB2F7 phases in the systems AF BF3 (A = K,Rb, Cs,Tl; B = In,Tl, Ln)

KY₂F₇ and KGd₂F₇ are monoclinic, space group I2, Im or I2/m. α-RbGd₂F₇ and α-CsGd₂F₇, on the other hand, are orthorhombic, space group possibly Pbnn. KIn₂F₇ and TlTl₂F₇ are monoclinic, space group Pm or P2. KTl₂F₇ is orthorhombic, space group probably Pnnn. The packing efficiency increases in the sequence α-RbGd₂F₇ type (as well as KIn₂F₇ type) - TlTl₂F₇ type - KY₂F₇ type.     

Solar optical materials for innovative window design

New and innovative optical materials and coatings can greatly improve the efficiency of window energy systems. These potential materials and coatings increase energy efficiency by reducing radiative losses in the infrared, or reducing visible reflection losses or controlling overheating due to solar gain. Current progress in heat mirror coatings for glass a polymeric substrates is presented. Highly doped semiconducting oxides and metal/dielectric interference coatings are reviewed. Physical and optical properties are outlined for antireflection films and transparent aerogel insulation media. The potential for optical switching films as window elements includes discussions of electrochromic, photochromic and other physical switching processes.     

Psychometric procedures and the detection and exploration of behavioural deficits due to cerebral dysfunction in man: II.

There are basically two approaches to the use of psychometric tests in the detection of "brain damage": the first is centred around a view of regional equipotentiality of brain functioning and the second around a unitary view of brain functioning. The former was explored in an earlier paper in this journal (Rubino, 1970). The latter approach is explored here in terms of the utility of three well-known tests: the Bender Gestalt, the Benton Visual Retention Test, and the Graham Kendall Memory for Designs. The influence of such factors as age, diagnoses, hit-rates, etc., are briefly discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of The social psychology of reading.

Reviews the book, The Social Psychology of Reading by John Edwards (Ed.) (1981). This volume, unlike many edited books, consists of original papers. Unlike many current volumes in reading, this one addresses broad socio- and psychological correlates of reading achievement. This book is a unique collection of data-based chapters, surveys and reviews. If the aim of the volume was to provide a perspective within which reading can be better understood, the authors have achieved success. It is an excellent reference and has good potential for senior undergraduate or early graduate required reading. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Formation and breakdown of a protective layer of chromium sesquioxide on L-605 alloy at 1100° C

The formation and breakdown of a protective layer of Cr₂O₃ on L-605 during oxidation at 1100° C was investigated. The effects of surface deformation, pressure, and water vapor on the breakdown time were evaluated. It was found that increasing surface deformation, increased the time to breakdown. Decreasing pressure below 1 atm to 0.13 N/m² increased time of breakdown as did decreasing water content from 25,000 to 2.5 ppm. By metallographic and microprobe examinations of samples during breakdown a model was deduced. Surface deformation promotes Cr₂O₃ formation, while increasing pressure and moisture increases the volatility of Cr₂O₃. Thus, the Cr₂O₃ grows for a time determined by these three factors. At the end of this time the growth stresses cause the oxide to crack, exposing a chromium-depleted metal surface to the oxidizing gas. The resultant rapid oxidation of this surface lifts the remaining Cr₂O₃, exposing more depleted metal. When the depletion zone is consumed and a very thick oxide has formed, the rate of oxidation slows and no further disruption is noted.     

Thermodynamic review and calculations—alkali-metal oxide systems with nuclear fuels, fission products, and structural materials

This paper considers the phase equilibria of alkali metal oxides and their combinations with other oxides relevant to nuclear fuels, fission products, and structural materials. The other oxides include those of the lanthanides, the actinides, iron, nickel, aluminum, silicon, as well as those of periodic table groups IIA, IVB, VB, VIB, and VIA. The alkali metal halides, chalcogenides, and hydroxides are also included. Techniques are developed to permit calculation of phase equilibria and Ellingham diagrams in ternary and higher-order systems. These techniques include estimation of previously unknown 298.15 K values of the enthalpies of formation and the entropies of many compounds.