含铌400 MPa热轧带肋钢筋无屈服的成因分析与对策

铌微合金化生产400MPa级热轧带肋钢筋虽可降低成本，但由于含铌400MPa带热轧带肋钢筋对开扎温度，终轧温度和冷却速度有较强的敏感性，使得含铌400MPa级热轧带肋钢筋的性能稳定性受到影响。对试制过程中四炉无屈服含铌400MPa级热轧带肋钢筋进行了分析，并提出了解决问题的对策。     

基于接口的协同仿真技术在动态优化设计中的应用

机械系统进行结构动态优化设计的最终目标大多归结为对其进行几何形状的优化,在应用极小值原理对机械结构进行三维形状优化设计时,通常须要使用复杂数值方法才能求解,并且求解的过程相当困难。将先进的协同仿真技术作为一种有效求解工具应用到极小值原理的动态优化设计中,实现对不同设计变量的目标函数的求解。以行星框架为例,采用基于接口的协同仿真技术为求解工具,以行星轮数目为参变量,应用极小值原理对行星框架的几何形状进行动态优化设计,对行星框架的疲劳损伤寿命提供量化数据,为对其进行结构改进提供科学理论依据。     

电磁超材料研究进展及应用现状

利用电磁波传递能量和信息一直是备受人们关注和重视的研究课题,因为它在通讯、能源、环境、医药等多应用领域中都扮演重要的角色。近年来,随着微纳米制造技术的进步,超材料的出现为解决传统电磁技术的瓶颈问题(如光路体积大、结构复杂、功能单一等问题)提供了新思路和新机会。得益于超强的电磁场调控能力,这些材料不仅能够实现传统光学元件的诸多功能,而且还能实现很多自然界不存在的、奇异的电磁响应和特性。本文将结合作者近年来的研究工作,对超材料的研究进展和发展趋势进行综述,主要思路是根据调控的电磁波自由度对超材料进行分类和阐述。最后作者还将介绍基于相变材料的主动调控超材料。     

n-GaN基Ti/Al/Ni/Au的欧姆接触高温特性

研究了在高温工作环境下Ti/Al/Ni/Au(15nm/220nm/40nm/50nm)四层复合金属层与n-GaN的欧姆接触的高温工作特性.退火后样品在500℃高温下工作仍能显示出良好的欧姆接触特性;接触电阻率随测量温度的增加而增大,且增加幅度与掺杂浓度有密切关系.掺杂浓度越高,其接触电阻率随测量温度的升高而增加越缓慢;重掺杂样品的Ti/Al/Ni/Au-n-GaN欧姆接触具有更佳的高温可靠性;当样品被施加500℃,1h的热应力后,其接触电阻率表现出不可恢复性增加.     

面向6G的星地融合无线传输技术

随着5G移动通信网络走向商业化,围绕新一代移动通信系统(6G)的发展愿景、能力需求与关键技术开展研究正在成为新的热点。首先,该文概括了未来6G可能涉及的星地深度融合、新谱段通信、分布式协作MIMO和智能通信等关键技术方向,重点探讨了基于星地深度融合的天地一体化网络(SGIN);然后,针对可能存在的两种典型网络拓扑架构,分析了星间高速链路、星地馈电链路和星地用户链路的特点和技术要求,综述了3种不同类型传输链路的高速通信进展情况。最后,对未来6G天地互联网络亟需突破的光学相控阵多用户接入、高效能星地激光通信和光电一体化组网等关键技术进行分析与展望,以期为后续相关研究指明方向。     

基于离格稀疏表示的近场信源定位方法

近场信源定位是下一代无线通信中的一个重要研究方向,现有的方法大多集中在传统子空间或在格稀疏方法。针对子空间类方法损失阵列孔径和稀疏表示类方法精度受网格划分效应制约的问题,该文提出了一种基于离格稀疏表示的定位方法。首先通过获得一个高阶累积量矩阵建立基于角度参数的离格信号模型,利用交替迭代优化方法实现角度的估计。然后根据角度估计值建立基于距离参数的离格信号模型,并采用交替迭代方法进行求解。仿真结果表明,所提方法不仅具有较高的估计精度,而且可以实现角度和距离参数的正确配对。     

Constructing single-atom Ni on N-doped carbon via chelation-anchored strategy for the hydrogenolysis of lignin

The efficient utilization of lignin remains a great challenge due to its complex nonrepetitive structure and the lack of efficient catalyst. Herein, a single-atom catalyst Ni@N-C was designed via a facile chelation-anchored strategy. Ni atoms were immobilized on the N-doped carbon carrier by a two-stage pyrolysis of a mixture of d -glucosamine hydrochloride, nickel acetate, and melamine. d -glucosamine hydrochloride as a chelating agent prevented the aggregation of Ni²⁺, and melamine provided enough N to anchor Ni by forming Ni–N₄ structure. Ni@N-C gave a 31.2% yield of aromatic compounds from lignin hydrogenolysis, which was twice higher than that achieved by Ni cluster catalyst. Based on the experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculation results, the higher activity of Ni@N-C was attributed to its lower H₂ dissociation energy and the reduced energy barriers of the transition states. The strategy described opens an efficient green avenue for preparing single-atom catalyst that possesses outstanding activity in lignin depolymerization.     

Correlation between structural characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of walstromite BaCa2M3O9 (M = Si,Ge) ceramics

Novel BaCa₂M₃O₉ (M = Si, Ge) microwave dielectric ceramics were prepared via solid-state reaction with sintering at 1125°C–1275°C for 5 h. Single-phase BaCa₂M₃O₉ (M = Si, Ge) ceramics were obtained according to stoichiometry. The single-phase BaCa₂Ge₃O₉ ceramic was confirmed through Rietveld refinement and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy/selected area electron diffraction and synthesized for the first time. The BaCa₂M₃O₉ (M = Si, Ge) exhibited a triclinic structure with a P$\overline{1}$ space group and good microwave dielectric properties. The ε_r, Q × f, and τ_f values of BaCa₂M₃O₉ (M = Si, Ge) ceramics are mostly dominated by the relative density, ionic polarizability, relative covalence, and bond energy of M–O bond, respectively. A high Q × f value (61 800 GHz at 16.3 GHz) was obtained in BaCa₂Ge₃O₉ ceramic due to its high r_c (Ge–O) and low intrinsic dielectric loss. The BaCa₂Si₃O₉ ceramic exhibited small |τ_f| value (‒36.4 ppm/°C) due to its large E_Si-O. Excellent microwave dielectric properties (ε_r = 8.31, Q × f = 61 800 GHz, and τ_f = ‒58.7 ppm/°C) were obtained for the BaCa₂Ge₃O₉ ceramic.     

Optimized phase compositions and microwave dielectric properties of low loss Ca2Sn2Al2O9-based ceramics by M4+ substitution

The traditional solid-state reaction method was used to prepare Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ (M = Ti, Zr, and Hf) ceramics. Then, the impact of an M⁴⁺ substitution of Sn⁴⁺ on the phase transition, crystal structural parameter, and microwave dielectric properties of Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) ceramics were investigated. Ti⁴⁺ could not replace the Sn⁴⁺ of Ca₂Sn₂Al₂O₉ due to its small ionic radius, and the Al-based second phases of Ca₂Sn_2−xTi_xAl₂O₉ ceramics were confirmed by the X-ray diffractometer and EDS map scanning results. With the Zr⁴⁺ and Hf⁴⁺ substitutions of Sn⁴⁺, the SnO₂ and CaSnO₃ second phases of Ca₂Sn₂Al₂O₉ ceramic were inhibited, and the Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ (M = Zr and Hf) (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) single-phase ceramics with orthorhombic structure (Pbcn space group) were obtained. New MO₂ (M = Zr and Hf) and CaAl₂O₄ second phases appeared in the Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ (M = Zr and Hf) (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) ceramics, and their contents increased gradually with the increase in x. The Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ (M = Zr and Hf) (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) ceramics exhibited high Q × f because of their pure phase compositions, and the Q × f of Ca₂Sn₂Al₂O₉ ceramic was improved to 77 800 GHz (12.6 GHz) in the Ca₂Sn_1.9Zr_0.1Al₂O₉ ceramic. The Q × f values of Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ single-phase ceramics were mainly controlled by r_c (Sn/M–O) and r_c (Al–O). The τ_f values of single-phase Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ ceramics were related to octahedral distortions. The Zr⁴⁺ and Hf⁴⁺ substitution of Sn⁴⁺ optimized the phase compositions and microwave dielectric properties of the Ca₂Sn_2−xM_xAl₂O₉ ceramics, and the Ca₂Sn_1.9Zr_0.1Al₂O₉ ceramic sintered at optimal temperature exhibited excellent microwave dielectric properties (ε_r = 8.67, Q × f = 77 800 GHz at 12.6 GHz and τ_f = −69.8 ppm/°C).