Performance of a bubble column reactor for oxidation of ethylene (wacker process)

An experimental investigation of the performance of a bubble column reactor for the liquid-phase catalytic oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde (Wacker Process) has been carried out by varying the different operating parameters, such as the inlet gas velocity and catalyst concentration. It has also been shown that, for a given set of conditions, a certain critical ratio of partial pressure of O₂ to that of ethylene in the reactor inlet is required for the overall catalytic cycle to work with maximum efficiency under steady state. The agreement between the experimental results and the predictions of a theoretical reactor model developed herein was found to be excellent.     

Corrosion protective poly(o-ethoxyaniline) coatings on copper

Poly(o-ethoxyaniline) (POEA) coatings were synthesized on copper (Cu) by electrochemical polymerization of o-ethoxyaniline in aqueous salicylate solution by using cyclic voltammetry. These coatings were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The performance of POEA as protective coating against corrosion of Cu in aqueous 3% NaCl was assessed by the potentiodynamic polarization technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results of the potentiodynamic polarization and EIS studies demonstrate that the POEA coating has ability to protect the Cu against corrosion. The corrosion potential was about 0.330 V versus SCE more positive in aqueous 3% NaCl for the POEA coated Cu than that of uncoated Cu and reduces the corrosion rate of Cu almost by a factor of 140.     

Viscosity of the binary systems containing trifluoroethanol,water and tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether. Prediction of the ternary viscosity from binary data

Kinematic viscosities were measured over the entire range of composition and at atmospheric pressure for the binary systems trifluoroethanol (TFE)-H₂O, TFE-tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME), and TEGDME-H₂O from 293.15 to 333.15 K. The data were fitted by the Stephan and Heckenbergber (1989) correlation, which accounts for the dependence on temperature and mixture composition. Methods for predicting ternary excess viscosities from excess viscosity data for the three binary mixtures involved are examined and tested for the system TFE-H₂O-TEGDME at 303.15 K by comparing predicted and experimental data. The empirical correlation of Colinet (1967) is shown to be the best for this system.     

An analysis of simultaneous absorption of two gases reacting between themselves in a semi-batch reactor

The problem of simultaneous absorption of two gases reacting between themselves in a semi-batch reactor has been analysed. An exact analytical solution for the enhancement factor has been obtained which requires neither a prior knowledge of the regime of absorption nor arbitrary choice of bulk liquid phase concentrations of gaseous reactants. The methodology developed here can easily be extended to a continuous flow reactor.     

A Proxy Signature Based Efficient and Robust Handover AKA Protocol for LTE/LTE-A Networks

Wireless Personal Communications - An efficient and robust handover is one of the essential requirements of several applications in LTE/LTE-A network. These applications are reliable only after a...     

Kinetic modeling of homogeneous catalytic processes

Homogeneous catalysis by soluble metal complexes is gaining considerable attention due to their unique applications and features like high activity and selectivity. In this paper, a brief review of kinetic modeling in homogeneous catalysis has been presented. Approaches using empirical as well as molecular level rate models have been discussed. Special features relevant to asymmetric catalysis and multiple rate controlling steps have also been addressed. A case study on kinetics of carbonylation of 1-(4-iso-butylphenyl)ethanol using a homogeneous palladium catalyst has been discussed.     

Cold roll bonding of multi-layered bi-metal laminate composites

Multi-layered laminate composites of dissimilar metals have assumed importance industrially. Cold roll bonding can produce multi-layered sheet composites. Study of the effect of rolling and material variables on the bonding characteristics needs to be studied in order to predict the optimum bonding conditions and the final composition of the laminate sheets. In this work, cold roll bonding of multi-layered bimetals has been modeled using the slab method. The effect of anisotropy has been included. Effects of different process and material variables are analyzed. Novel experiments were performed on multilayered Ti–Al system and the numerical results from the model were compared with the experimental results. A good agreement was observed between the model and experimental results.     

Automatic room information retrieval and classification from floor plan using linear regression model

International Journal on Document Analysis and Recognition (IJDAR) - The automatic creation of a repository of the building’s floor plan helps a lot to the architects to reuse them. The basic...