Physical properties of polycaproamide/cationic dyeable poly(ethylene terephthalate) polyblended fibers

Polycaproamide (PCA) and cationic dyeable poly(ethylene terephthalate) (CDP) polymers were blended mechanically (in ratios of 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75) in a melt twin‐screw extruder to prepare three PCA/CDP polyblended materials. The blends of PCA and CDP were spun into fibers. The molar ratio of dimethyl 5‐sulfoisophthalate sodium salt for CDP was 2%. This study investigated the physical properties of PCA/CDP polyblended fibers with nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography, gas chromatography, potentiometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), extension stress–strain measurements, density gradient analysis, and rheometry. The experimental results of DSC proved that PCA and CDP formed an immiscible system. In an SEM image of a 50/50 PCA/CDP blend, the morphological aggregation of a larger size, from 3 to 5 μm in diameter, was observed. The rheological behavior of the PCA/CDP polyblended materials exhibited negative‐deviation blends, and the 50/50 blend of the PCA/CDP polyblended fibers showed a minimum tenacity value. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 1710–1715, 2004     

Ag@AgCI修饰的具有高活性（001）晶面的锐钛矿相TiO2的制备和光催化性能研究

本文采用水热法合成具有高活性（001）晶面的锐铁矿相TiO2微球,利用沉积法将AgCl分散到TiO2微球表面,再通过光化学反应将部分Ag还原,获得Ag@AgCl等离了体负载的TiO2光催化剂,借助SEM、TEM、UV—ViSDRS等于段对催化剂的结构进行表征,并以酸性红作为模型污染物对样品的光催化性能进行评价。结果表明：经Ag@AgCl修饰后,样品对可见光的响应增强,光生载流了的分离得到有效促进,可见光催化活性有大幅度的提高,对酸性红的降解效率是修饰前的3倍。     

不同剂型的毒死蜱对家蚕的急性毒性评价

为明确毒死蜱对家蚕的安全性,采用浸叶法测定了4种不同剂型的毒死蜱对家蚕的毒性及其对家蚕中毒症状的观察统计。结果表明:45%毒死蜱乳油、15%毒死蜱颗粒剂、25%毒死蜱微乳剂和36%毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂对2龄家蚕96 h的LC_(50)值分别是0.176 mg/L、0.452 mg/L、1.76 mg/L和2.84 mg/L;45%毒死蜱乳油和15%毒死蜱颗粒剂为剧毒,25%毒死蜱微乳剂和36%毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂为高毒,其中微囊悬浮剂对家蚕的毒性最小。经药剂处理后,家蚕的中毒症状主要有吐液、侧卧以及体色发黑。虽然4种不同剂型中毒死蜱微囊悬浮剂毒性最小,但其仍属于高毒,因此,建议毒死蜱远离桑园及桑园附近农田使用,尤其是家蚕饲养盛期。     

厌氧氨氧化反应器的启动方法研究进展

厌氧氨氧化反应器的启动时间过长是制约厌氧氨氧化在工程实践中发展和应用的一个关键性因素,因此实现厌氧氨氧化反应器的快速启动对于该项技术的推广意义十分重大。分析比较了选取不同类型的反应器和接种不同类型的污泥对于厌氧氨氧化反应器启动时间及脱氮效果的影响,并对今后的研究方向提出了建议。     

偶氮类染料废水污染修复研究进展

从物理法、化学法、生化法三方面概述了对偶氮染料废水处理的研究现状,同时给偶氮染料废水的处理修复提供了一些参考意见。     

高效液相色谱法测定磺胺二甲嘧啶的有关物质

目的:用高效液相色谱法测定磺胺二甲嘧啶的有关物质。方法:用Alltima C18(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm)色谱柱;流动相为13.6 g/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(用20 g/L氢氧化钾溶液调节pH至4.50)—甲醇的体积比为55∶45;流速1.0 mL/min;检测波长:275 nm;进样体积:20μL。结果:磺胺二甲嘧啶在80~120μg/mL范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999),磺胺线性范围为0.15~1μg/mL(r=1.0000),磺胺脒线性范围为0.15~1μg/mL(r=1.0000)。结论:该方法简便、准确、专属性好,可用于磺胺二甲嘧啶含量及有关物质检测。     

烟气脱硝中尿素法制氨工艺比较

介绍了烟气脱硝的工艺,包括选择性非催化还原法（SNCR）、选择性催化还原法（SCR）及SNCR/SCR混合烟气脱硝技术,还原剂为液氨和尿素。燃烧后的烟气必须进行脱硝处理,对尿素水解和热解技术进行了比较,总结了尿素水解的技术优势和经济性。认为采用尿素水解法进行烟气脱硝安全性好、运行成本低,应用前景较好。     

铜对铁基合金激光熔覆涂层的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在Q235A钢表面制备Fe/Cu复合涂层,利用XRD,SEM,TEM和滑动磨损试验等方法研究了Cu对铁基合金激光熔覆涂层的影响.结果表明,未经时效处理的Fe/Cu熔覆层主要是由α-Fe、正交结构的M7C3和M23C6构成.在马氏体上分布着高密度的位错,而且位错沿着熔覆基材向熔覆层方向延伸分布.熔覆层经时效处理后,ε-Cu颗粒沿着M7C3相由过饱和α-Fe中弥散析出,对其周围的位错起钉扎作用.时效后熔覆层的表面耐磨性能显著提高.     

Synthesis of low molecular weight polyethylenes and polyethylene mimics with controlled chain structures

The controlled synthesis of narrowly distributed low molecular weight polymers with functionalization possibilities is of great industrial interests. Although living polymerization allows for control over polymer architecture, the production of low molecular weight polymers with low polydispersities via living polymerization systems is challenged by the use of large amounts of catalysts and broadening in molecular weight distribution. This review addresses the synthesis of narrowly distributed, functional, low molecular weight polyethylene and polyethylene mimics. The review is structured for quick identification of relevant systems for the production of specific polymer architectures with specific cost, efficiency, and safety concerns.     

Intelligent control of a grain drying system using a GA-SVM-IMPC controller

The grain drying is difficult to control because of its characteristics of long delay, strong nonlinearity, and uncertainty parameters. The aim of the paper is to design a suitable controller for a newly designed grain dryer. First, a nonlinear math model of the wheat mixed flow drying was established and analyzed based on the fundamental laws of simultaneous heat and mass transfer. The simulations for the batch circulating drying process and the continuous grain drying process have been made and the simulation results show that it fits well with the actual drying process. Second, an internal model proportional integral derivative (PID) controller (IMPC) based on the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm and the genetic algorithm (GA-SVM-IMPC) was proposed from the view of the energy loss and the dried grain quality. The structure of the GA-SVM-IMPC controller consists of a SVM prediction model, a SVM inverse model controller, a PID controller and a genetic optimization algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of this controller was demonstrated by computer simulations, and the comparative study with the other controllers further confirmed the superiority of the proposed dryer controller.