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941.
Efficiently Detecting Metallodrug–Protein Adducts: Ion Trap versus Time‐of‐Flight Mass Analyzers 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Samuel M. Meier Maria V. Babak Prof. Bernhard K. Keppler Prof. Christian G. Hartinger 《ChemMedChem》2014,9(7):1351-1355
Modern mass spectrometry techniques have increasingly found use in studies on the binding of anticancer metallodrugs to potential cellular targets. In this context, investigations on the detection efficiency of adduct formation between antiproliferative Ru(arene) complexes and proteins in dependence of the mass analyzer used in the electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometer are presented. The potential in detecting adducts between the metal center and the protein was found to be dependent on the mass analyzer and the denticity of the metal–protein interaction. This might be related to the design of the mass analyzers with different conditions in the ion travelling pathways, which affects adducts when the protein acts as a monodentate ligand more highly than in cases when the protein is a multidentate ligand. This could also impact the biological activity and indicate different pathways of metabolism of biomolecule adducts. 相似文献
942.
Private Finance Initiative (PFI) has been used on many projects in the UK in the delivery of public services. Cost, time and risk performance in public projects was anticipated to be improved by the superior skills of the private sector. So far, there are limited empirical studies on the life cycle performance of PFI projects, especially performance comparison between different sectors. This study investigated and compared variations in costs, time, and client requirements tracking it through the strategic business case stage to the operational phase in healthcare and transport sectors. It explored the influence of sector-specific factors, project size and maturity of the PFI on these variations. It used documentary analysis of full business cases of five PFI projects and a questionnaire survey of 44 PFI projects in the UK. The findings reveal that there are still considerable cost and time overruns and requirement changes in PFI projects in both sectors over the development of the project and its early use. The health sector was better than the transport sector for time overruns but was worse on costs. Smaller-value projects outperformed larger projects on cost variations but underperformed on time. 相似文献
943.
Amalie Gunner Siamak Rahimi Ardkapan Alireza Afshari Niels Christian Bergsoe 《土木工程与建筑:英文版》2014,(4):389-394
An emerging issue in Denmark is passive smoking in residential buildings where non-smokers are exposed to smoke from their neighbours. There are various ways that smoke is transferred from one flat to another. The air transfer rate between two flats in a multi-storey building depends on its construction, tightness and age. This paper presents results of a study on the transfer of ultrafine particles and tracer gas in an older multi-storey building in Copenhagen. The aim of the study was to quantify the transfer ofultrafine particles and gases from one flat to another fiat before and after sealing the floor. A new floor-sealing method was applied to seal the floor between the two flats. The sealing method was developed by a firm specialising in sealing. Indoor ultrafine particle concentrations and tracer gas were measured continuously in the two fiats during the measuring periods. In the unoccupied fiat, the gas source was N20 and the particle source was burning cigarettes. Reduction of the concentration of ultrafine particles and tracer gas by sealing the floor with polyethylene and joint filler made of bitumen was studied. It was evaluated how the sealing performed with regard to decreasing the amount of ultrafine particles and a tracer gas transferred between two fiats separated by a floor. When the floor between the flats was not sealed, the results showed that about 4% of the ultraflne particles and 14% of the tracer gas were transferred. After sealing, the amount transferred was reduced to 1.6% and 5%, respectively. 相似文献
944.
Christian Uhlig Ekrem Guenes Anne S. Schulze Matthias T. Elm Peter J. Klar Sabine Schlecht 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2014,43(6):2362-2370
We have synthesized undoped, Co-doped (up to 5%), and Se-doped (up to 4%) FeS2 materials by mechanical alloying in a planetary ball mill and investigated their thermoelectric properties from room temperature (RT) to 600 K. With decreasing particle size, the undoped FeS2 samples showed higher electrical conductivity, from 0.02 S cm?1 for particles with 70 nm grain size up to 3.1 S cm?1 for the sample with grain size of 16 nm. The Seebeck coefficient of the undoped samples showed a decrease with further grinding, from 128 μV K?1 at RT for the sample with 70-nm grains down to 101 μV K?1 for the sample with grain size of 16 nm. The thermal conductivity of the 16-nm undoped sample lay within the range from 1.3 W m?1 K?1 at RT to a minimal value of 1.2 W m?1 K?1 at 600 K. All doped samples showed improved thermoelectric behavior at 600 K compared with the undoped sample with 16 nm particle size. Cobalt doping modified the p-type semiconducting behavior to n-type and increased the thermal conductivity (2.1 W m?1 K?1) but improved the electrical conductivity (41 S cm?1) and Seebeck coefficient (-129 μV K?1). Isovalent selenium doping led to a slightly higher thermal conductivity (1.7 W m?1 K?1) as well as to an improved electrical conductivity (26 S cm?1) and Seebeck coefficient (110 μV K?1). The ZT value of FeS2 was increased by a factor of five by Co doping and by a factor of three by Se doping. 相似文献
945.
Markus Tauber Christian Wagner Frank Pallas 《e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik》2014,131(1):33-36
The prevalence of machine-to-machine (M2M) will continue to increase because of the connection and interlinking of services in the domain of critical infrastructures (e.g. “smart grids”, traffic management or surveillance systems). This is leading to a constant rise of required computational and storage resources. As field systems typically offer only limited computing and storage capabilities and as many applications require a global view to integrated data from various devices, a natural location to store data and perform analysis tasks is in the Cloud, where an abundance of flexible resources can be used. However, this results in a number of security and privacy challenges in combination with some legal and technical considerations that need to be addressed. In this paper, we will investigate and categorize the above challenges associated with using the Cloud in a critical infrastructure and M2M context. 相似文献
946.
Ekrem Güneş Bernadette Landschreiber David Hartung Matthias T. Elm Christian Rohner Peter J. Klar Sabine Schlecht 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2014,43(6):2127-2133
Bismuth nanotubes have been synthesized and successfully included in Bi1?x Sb x nanoalloys to form composite structures. The nanotubes were synthesized by transformation of a β-BiI precursor with n-BuLi solution leading to tubular bismuth structures. The Bi1?x Sb x nanoalloys were produced by ball milling. Three series of composite structures were synthesized by including different fractions (0 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%) of nanotubes in nanoalloys of different composition x. Investigation of thermoelectric and structural properties revealed a decrease of the thermal conductivity of up to 40% for the composites in comparison with alloys without nanotube inclusions. This effect can be attributed to enhanced phonon scattering. Seebeck coefficients and electrical conductivities were both slightly enhanced in the composite series with 3 wt.% nanotube inclusions, leading to enhancement of $$ ZT \ \left(ZT=\frac {(S^2 \sigma)}{\kappa}\,{ {T}}\right) $$ throughout the series compared with the nanoalloy series without nanotube inclusions. 相似文献
947.
Christian Kirchnawy Johannes Mertl Veronica Osorio Helge Hausensteiner Michael Washüttl Johannes Bergmair Michael Pyerin Manfred Tacker 《Packaging Technology and Science》2014,27(6):467-478
Migrates from plastic food packaging were tested for oestrogen activity by yeast oestrogen screen and subsequently analysed by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography—mass spectrometry to identify oestrogen‐active chemicals. Plastic samples were migrated according to EC 10/2011 with worst case scenarios being used. Food simulants consisted of either 10–95% ethanol or ultrapure water. Migrates were concentrated afterwards by solid phase extraction. Food contact material tested included polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene and composite films. Oestrogenic activity ranging from 0.7 to 59 ng/l 17ß‐estradiol equivalents was detected in seven out of 42 samples tested. The highest activity was found in a composite film sample. All 11 polyethylene terephthalate samples tested negative for oestrogen activity. A number of chemicals with known or supposed oestrogen activity were identified in migrates of oestrogen‐active samples. These include butylated hydroxytoluene, 1,3‐diphenylpropane, 1,2‐diphenylcyclobutane and dibutyl phthalate. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
948.
Benedikt Stefan Fleckenstein Julia Sterr Horst‐Christian Langowski 《Packaging Technology and Science》2014,27(2):83-103
As high‐pressure processing is used increasingly for the treatment of packed products, different packaging has been investigated with respect to their structural behaviour and stability under high‐pressure processing. Often, failures and changes of the polymeric structure occur. Common damage symptoms of high‐pressure‐treated packaging materials are defined and classified in this review. These damage symptoms are allocated to the physico‐chemical effects that created them. The effects may be separated into direct effects induced by the action of the high‐pressure alone and indirect effects that are mediated via compressed contents of the package, i.e. filled product and gaseous headspace. The direct effects split up again in reversible and irreversible structural changes. The indirect effects are generated by compressed headspace gases, other compressed substances and the consequences of increased amounts of gases dissolved in the polymers. If applicable, current theoretical approaches have been allocated to the different categories of damage. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
949.
950.
AFM Imaging of Molecular Spin‐State Changes through Quantitative Thermomechanical Measurements 下载免费PDF全文