Singular value properties of LQ regulators

The closed-loop singular values of an LQ regulator transfer function are proved to be no greater than the singular values of the open-loop transfer function and, in the case of output-weighted cost function, to be no greater than the output-weighting parameter     

Production and properties of micro‐porous glas bubble zinc and aluminium composites

Micro‐porous syntactic foams were produced by means of integration of glass bubbles into aluminium and zinc matrices. Preforms of glass bubbles were pressure infiltrated with the alloys AlSi9Cu9 ans ZnAl4Cu using squeeze casting. The preforms were sintered thermically without the use of bonding agents. Using the combination of different sintering steps syntactic foams with locally different densities could be produced. The mechanical properties of the foams were tested indicating a high compression strength of the foams and a very good compression energy absorption. Furthermore, corrosion behaviour and behaviour at higher temperatures were investigated.     

From information to probability: An axiomatic approach—Inference is information processing

We define the very rich language of composed conditionals on a three‐valued logic and use this language as the communication tool between man and machine. Communication takes place for three reasons: knowledge acquisition, query, and response. Learning, thinking, and answering questions are of a pure information theoretical nature. The pivot of this knowledge processing concept is the amount of information (bit) we receive if a conditional becomes true. We follow an axiomatic approach to information theory rather than the classical probabilistic approach of Shannon; information comes first, and then comes probability. In the light of this philosophy, query and response experience new interpretations. Both, acquisition and response are realized by maximizing entropy and minimizing relative entropy, respectively. The iterative solution of these mathematical optimization problems gives new insights into the adaptation of prior knowledge to new information. Our expert system shell SPIRIT supports this kind of knowledge processing, which will be established by suitable examples. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Prediction of fire classification for wood based products. A multivariate statistical approach based on the cone calorimeter

Wood has long traditions as a building material, and is often used in construction elements, and as interior and exterior surfaces in the Nordic countries. In most applications, there are reaction to fire requirements to products used as surfaces, e.g. in escape routes and larger public spaces. Most wood products will therefore have to be treated with fire retardant (FR) agents to fulfil the strict requirements to properties connected to heat release and flame spread. Unfortunately, FR agents usually also increase the smoke production, as they cause a more incomplete combustion of the wood. The wood product manufacturers seek to find the optimal amount of FR additives where both heat release and smoke production in the classifying test are within the requirements given in the building regulations. This paper describes models for prediction of the European reaction to fire classes of wood products. The models are based on multivariate statistical analysis, and use test results from the cone calorimeter test as input. The presented models are, with very good precision, able to predict which Euroclass and additional smoke class a wood based product would obtain if it were to be tested in the single burning item test. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

四川仪陇县:饮水安全助推新农村建设

地处大巴山区的仪陇县是朱德元帅和张思德同志的故乡，属于川陕革命老区。全县辖58个乡镇843个村，总人口中106万人，其中农业人口91万人。地处渠江与嘉陵江分水岭．境内无大江大河，降雨主要集中在7—9月，十年九旱，十旱九灾，是一个资源性缺水、工程性缺水与水质性缺水并重的地区。     

核电厂运行安全指标

本文着重介绍了 IAEA 所制定的核电厂运行安全指标,同时也介绍了美国所制定的类似指标。这些指标为定量地评估和比较各国核电厂运行安全提供了可靠的依据。     

多重散射X_α方法计算Na_3原子簇的探讨

从已有的多重散射统计总能量公式出发,我们计算了Na_3原子簇。该原子已用CI-SCF和LSD膺势方法计算过。为了进一步讨论这种方法的应用,我们计算了Na_3原子簇的统计总能量、轨道能量、电离能。借助于这些结果,讨论了这种方法的优缺点。