The effect of shoe sole tread groove depth on the friction coefficient with different tread groove widths, floors and contaminants

Slipping and falling are common phenomena in both workplaces and our daily activities. The risks associated with slipping and falling are related to the materials of footwear/floor, contamination condition, and geometric design of the sole. Shoe soles of various tread design are very common. Tread pattern of the shoe affects friction especially under liquid-contaminated conditions. Verification of the effects of tread groove depth is significant in assisting designers in designing proper footwear for workers exposed to slippery floor conditions. In this study, we measured the friction coefficients using the Neolite footwear pads on the terrazzo, steel, and vinyl floors under three liquid-contaminated conditions. A Brungraber Mark II slipmeter was used. The footwear pads had tread grooves with a width of either 3 or 9 mm. The depth of the tread grooves ranged from 1 to 5 mm. The results showed that tread groove depth affected the friction coefficients significantly. Higher friction values were recorded for footwear pads with deeper tread grooves on wet and water–detergent-contaminated floors. The averaged coefficient of friction (COF) gain per tread groove depth increase in millimeter under these two surface conditions ranged from 0.018 to 0.108, depending on the tread groove width, floor, and contaminant.     

抓住机遇全面提升农业机械化水平

通过国家对农业"多予、少取、搞活"方针的贯彻,分析了当前大好有利时机,结合当地农机实际,提出了加快发展步伐,全面提升农业机械化水平,提高农业劳动生产力,改善农民生产、生活条件的重要技术措施.     

自调整模糊专家控制研究

本文研究了一类简单的专家控制,针对其易于振荡,自适应能力有限的缺点,引入了基于模糊逻辑的自调整过程,这种自调整模糊专家控制,把对规则的调整转化为对规则中参数的调整.仿真和实际应用证明了其有效性.     

基于计算机视觉和图像处理的交通参数检测

本文提出了一种基于计算机视觉和图像处理的车流量检测方法,通过分析CCD TV 摄 像机获取的图像中车辆和场景信息来有效地检测交通参数．本方法可以完成双向四车道高速 公路和城市道路的车辆计数和车辆速度检测．实验结果表明：车辆计数的正确率为94％,车 辆速度检测的正确率达92%,并具有满意的实时特性．     

基于LabVIEW与凌阳SPCE061A实现串口数据采集

介绍利用凌阳SPCE061A单片机采集数据,Labview作为开发调试平台,二者之间通过串口实现数据通讯的数据采集系统,详细介绍了软硬件实现方案。     

A new strategy for optimizing the parameters updating algorithm of fuzzy neural controller

Fuzzy neural controllers have the advantages of ease for knowledge expression and the ability of self-learning, and are able to control adaptively by updating the fuzzy rules and the membership functions. Nevertheless, the long training time usually discourages their practical applications in industry and the parameters over-updating may make system oscillate extensively. In this paper, a new strategy for optimizing the parameters updating algorithm of fuzzy neural controller is proposed. The only effect of parameters which affects the control performance significantly are updated. Also, based on fuzzy inference, the updating step is adjusted adaptively in accordance with the error and the change of error of the system. Two examples are simulated in order to conform the effectiveness and applicability of the strategy proposed in this paper.     

A base62 transformation format of ISO 10646 for multilingual identifiers

ISO 10646 Universal Character Set (UCS) is a 31‐bit coding architecture that covers symbols in most of the world's written languages. Identifiers in programming languages are usually defined by using alphanumeric characters of ASCII, which represent mainly English words. An approach for working around this deficiency is to encode multilingual identifiers into the alphanumeric range of ASCII. For case‐sensitive languages, an encoding that utilizes [0–9][A–Z][a–z] can be more space‐efficient for multilingual identifiers. This paper proposes a base62 transformation format of ISO 10646 called UTF‐62. The resulting string of UTF‐62 is within a [0–9][A–Z][a–z] range, a total of 62 base characters. UTF‐62 also preserves the lexicographic sorting order of UCS‐4. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An improved closed-loop stability related measure forfinite-precision digital controller realizations

The pole-sensitivity approach is employed to investigate the stability issue of the discrete-time control system, where a digital controller implemented with finite word length (FWL), is used. A stability related measure is derived, which is more accurate in estimating the closed-loop stability robustness of an FWL implemented controller than some existing measures for the pole-sensitivity analysis. This improved stability measure thus provides a better criterion to find the optimal realizations for a generic controller structure that includes output-feedback and observer-based controllers. A numerical example is used to verify the theoretical analysis and to illustrate the design procedure     

Parallelization of a Hyper-Linking–Based Theorem Prover

We describe the parallelization of a first-order logic theorem prover that is based on the hyper-linking proof procedure (HLPP). Four parallel schemes – process level, clause level, literal level, and flow level – are developed for two types of sequential implementation of HLPP: list based and network based. The motivation for developing each parallel scheme is presented, and the architecture and implementation details of each scheme are described. Issues about parallel processing, such as serialization and synchronization, load balancing, and access conflicts, are examined. Speedups over sequential implementations are attained, and timing results for benchmark problems are provided.     

基于有效裁剪被遮挡单元的非规则数据场体绘制算法

提出了一种被遮挡单元的裁剪算法,以加速非规则数据场的体绘制过程。在基于一组平行切割平面的体绘制方法上,新算法通过对图像不透明度缓冲区中的值进行求平均操作,并将所计算的结果存储在一个与不透明度缓冲区间同样大小的平均不透明度缓冲区中,使得只需根据每一数据单元重心投影点在平均不透明度缓冲区中的值,就可得到此数据单元的可见性,从而有效裁剪掉被遮挡单元,降低需处理的数据量,加速体绘制过程。