新型高速高精度自动跟踪的测角装置

本文介绍一种高速，高精度，自动跟踪的测角装置，采用正，余弦旋转变压器作为误差敏感元件，用旋转变压器一数字转换器将旋转变压器输出的四线交流电压转换成二进制数字量，再经过数码转换，将测量值送给微处理器。     

Finite element modeling of electrode-skin contact impedance inelectrical impedance tomography

In electrical impedance tomography (EIT), the measured voltages are sensitive to electrode-skin contact impedance because the contact impedance and the current density through it are both high. Large electrodes were used to provide a more uniform current distribution and reduce the contact impedance. A large electrode differs from a point electrode in that it has shunting and edge effects that cannot be modeled by a single resistor. The finite-element method (FEM) was used to study the electric field distributions underneath an electrode, and three models were developed: a FEM model, a simplified FEM model, and a weighted load model. The FEM models considered both shunting and edge effects and closely matched the experimental measurements. It is concluded that FEM models of electrodes can be used to improve the performance of an electrical impedance tomography reconstruction algorithm     

川中地区寒武系龙王庙组沥青成因与油气成藏史

运用有机岩石学、有机地球化学和扫描电镜等方法和技术,深入研究了川中地区寒武系龙王庙组中高演化沥青的成因类型、形成期次和来源;并在此基础上,结合包裹体及构造演化特征等,恢复了安岳气田龙王庙组气藏的成藏史。结果表明:(1)川中地区龙王庙组储层中沥青均来自于下寒武统烃源岩,沥青成因类型多样,以热裂解成因为主;(2)沥青的形成分为3个阶段,第1阶段为氧化水洗型沥青的形成,第2阶段为沉淀型沥青的形成,第3阶段为热裂解成因沥青的形成;(3)安岳气田龙王庙组气藏先后经历了5期的油气充注,包括2期液态烃的充注、晚三叠世—早侏罗世干酪根裂解气的充注、晚侏罗世—早白垩世原油裂解气的充注以及喜马拉雅期圈闭改造调整阶段干气的充注。     

驱替过程中重力舌进特征的核磁共振可视化实验

重力舌进是一种岩心驱替实验中常见的由于重力作用导致驱替剂沿岩心上缘或下缘突进的现象,其直接影响驱替剂的应用效果。由于在驱替过程中无法对岩心内部进行直接观察,因此对重力舌进现象没有直观的认识。利用油藏数值模拟方法模拟了重力对水驱油过程中流体流动形态的影响,并利用基于核磁共振成像技术的岩心驱替可视化实验方法研究了重力舌进产生的条件及影响因素,同时提出了一种获得产生重力舌进特征临界密度差的新方法。研究结果表明,驱替流体与被驱替流体的密度差是产生重力舌进现象最直接的原因;当实际的密度差大于临界密度差时,则产生显著的重力舌进现象;驱替介质的黏度和驱替流量对重力舌进特征的影响并不明显;在实际生产过程中,可以根据地层流体性质优选驱替液的密度,减少重力舌进对驱替效果的影响。     

利用PNST测井评价示踪陶粒压裂裂缝Ⅱ:时间谱

为满足水力压裂支撑缝高评价需要,针对含高热中子俘获截面材料氧化钆的非放射性示踪陶粒的辨识问题,研究了PNST俘获时间谱测井资料处理与解释方法。从预处理2个伽马探头和热中子探头的俘获时间谱出发,研究了示踪陶粒沾污套管内壁、进入水泥环窜槽和支撑地层裂缝等几种典型情况的时间谱特征,以及反映时间谱特征的地层与井眼俘获截面、非弹与俘获计数率、井眼与地层成分俘获计数率等测井曲线的提取方法,并展示了测井曲线在示踪陶粒压裂井的应用。通过比较压裂前后PNST各探头的这些测井曲线,能直观、清晰地辨识示踪陶粒;仅利用压裂后近伽马计数率和近/远伽马计数率比值交会解释,能定性辨识示踪陶粒支撑的裂缝。     

Accelerated oxidation during air flooding in a low temperature reservoir

To ensure the safety of application of air flooding in a low temperature reservoir, the accelerated oxidization of oxygen and the crude oil is studied at low temperature. The stabilized chlorine dioxide solution can be used as a type of catalyst, which can accelerate the reaction rate of oxygen and the crude oil to decrease the concentration of remaining oxygen when the gas reaches the production well. The experimental results of oxidization show that O₂ concentration is greatly reduced and CO₂ concentration is greatly increased on condition with catalyst. In addition, the amount of heavy components can be further reduced and the amount of light components can be further increased. These can ensure the safety of application of air flooding in low temperature reservoir. The experimental results of adaptability of the accelerated oxidation under different water saturation show air flooding can be better used in the low-temperature reservoir with low water saturation on condition with catalyst but cannot be used in the low-temperature reservoir with high water saturation. The experimental results can provide theoretical basis for the application of air flooding in a low-temperature reservoir.     

江苏油田油气管道隐患分类及治理对策

青岛"11.22"事故后,江苏油田根据中国石化油气管网隐患排查治理工作总体部署,排查油田已建管道的安全隐患,通过隐患分类及对江苏油田管线隐患的实际情况分析,设计上从4个方面提出解决措施,以达到消除隐患,从源头保证管线运行安全的目的。     

油田污水对磺酸盐表面活性剂临界胶束浓度的影响

针对油田开采中后期大量污水产生,油气田环境变差导致驱油率降低的现状,在实验室以表面张力法测定磺酸盐表面活性剂临界胶束浓度,根据CMC形成机理,考察了磺酸盐表面活性剂临界胶束形成前后,对应表面张力测定值的影响,通过油田污水对磺酸盐表面活性剂临界胶束浓度的影响实验及结果讨论,得到一些规律,为磺酸盐表面活性剂在复合驱技术中的更好应用提供理论依据。     

胶莱盆地莱阳凹陷莱西断层断裂性质及成因机制

为了明确胶莱盆地莱阳凹陷莱西断层的断裂性质及成因机制,利用莱阳凹陷重力资料及新采集处理二维地震资料,对莱西断层进行识别与描述,并对其几何学特征和形成机理进行分析。莱西断层发育带状展布、花状构造、海豚效应等构造样式,并且断层两侧地质体沿断层走向左行错开约4.4km,是一条典型的左行走滑断层。晚白垩世末期-古新世时期,研究区构造应力场为NEE-SWW向挤压,牟平-即墨断裂带由晚白垩世早期的伸展作用转换成右行走滑,而莱西断层剪切方向与其相反,是牟平-即墨断裂带的共轭左行走滑断层。莱西断层并不控制白垩纪地层的沉积,因此不是莱阳凹陷的西部控凹断层,而是凹陷内部的一条分带断层,在其切割作用下莱阳凹陷被分成东西2部分。     

可拓识别方法在矿井突水水源判别中的应用

为了快速判别矿井突水水源,进而为防治矿井水害服务,以水质指标为判别因子,应用可拓识别方法,建立了谢桥矿井突水水源判别模型,改进了该方法中经典域的形式,提出以各指标的统计值F来量化各指标的识别能力,并作为确定权重的依据.将结果与模糊综合法、灰色关联度法、Bayes逐步判别分析法分别进行比较,其正确率略高于前两者,与Bayes逐步分析法判别结果相同.