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41.
Jamie Afghani Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin Matthias Reiger Constanze Mueller 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(15)
Atopic eczema (AE) is an inflammatory skin disorder affecting approximately 20% of children worldwide and early onset can lead to asthma and allergies. Currently, the mechanisms of the disease are not fully understood. Metabolomics, the analysis of small molecules in the skin produced by the host and microbes, opens a window to observe the mechanisms of the disease which then may lead to new drug targets for AE treatment. Here, we review the latest advances in AE metabolomics, highlighting both the lipid and non-lipid molecules, along with reviewing the metabolites currently known to reside in the skin. 相似文献
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43.
Giulia Gizzi Samuela Cataldi Claudia Mazzeschi Elisa Delvecchio Maria Rachele Ceccarini Michela Codini Elisabetta Albi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)
The relationship between cholesterol and cancer has been widely demonstrated. Clinical studies have shown changes in blood cholesterol levels in cancer patients. In parallel, basic research studies have shown that cholesterol is involved in the mechanisms of onset and progression of the disease. On the other hand, anorexic patients have high cholesterol levels and a high susceptibility to cancer. In this review, we first present a brief background on the relations among nutrition, eating disorders and cancer. Using several notable examples, we then illustrate the changes in cholesterol in cancer and in anorexia nervosa, providing evidence for their important relationship. Finally, we show a new possible link between cholesterol disorder in cancer and in anorexia nervosa. 相似文献
44.
Claudia F. Castillo Vicente Feliu Batlle 《International journal of systems science》2014,45(4):714-727
A two-degree-of-freedom flexible antenna sensor platform was designed to physically simulate the ability of a robotic arm, which rapidly reorients and targets itself towards specific surfaces from different approachable angles. An accurate antenna model involves non-linear expressions that represent the system dynamics. Therefore, a comprehensive study along with experimental work has been carried out in order to achieve accurate system identification and validate the dynamic model. The model developed has proven useful in controlling the antenna tip, minimising the effects of the non-linear flexural dynamics and the Coulomb friction. The system was driven by servo motors. Algebraic controllers were developed for the antenna tip to track the reference trajectory. The platform system used encoders to measure the joint angles and a loadcell sensor to obtain the flexible link tip position. To validate the sensory information, the results obtained by the integrated sensors were compared to that of an external camera system. 相似文献
45.
Claudia Archetti Nicola Bianchessi Stefan Irnich M. Grazia Speranza 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2014,21(3):353-374
In this paper, we present and compare formulations for the inventory routing problem (IRP) where the demand of customers has to be served, over a discrete time horizon, by capacitated vehicles starting and ending their routes at a depot. The objective of the IRP is the minimization of the sum of inventory and transportation costs. The formulations include known and new mathematical programming formulations. Valid inequalities are also presented. The formulations are tested on a large set of benchmark instances. One of the most significant conclusions is that the formulations that use vehicle‐indexed variables are superior to the more compact, aggregate formulations. 相似文献
46.
Silvio Borrelli Ida Matarazzo Eugenio Lembo Laura Peccarino Claudia Annoiato Maria Rosaria Scognamiglio Andrea Foderini Chiara Ruotolo Aldo Franculli Federica Capozzi Pavlo Yavorskiy Fatme Merheb Michele Provenzano Gaetano La Manna Luca De Nicola Roberto Minutolo Carlo Garofalo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(12)
Increasing potassium intake ameliorates blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular (CV) prognoses in the general population; therefore the World Health Organization recommends a high-potassium diet (90–120 mEq/day). Hyperkalaemia is a rare condition in healthy individuals due to the ability of the kidneys to effectively excrete dietary potassium load in urine, while an increase in serum K+ is prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hyperkalaemia prevalence increases in more advanced CKD stages, and is associated with a poor prognosis. This scenario generates controversy on the correct nutritional approach to hyperkalaemia in CKD patients, considering the unproven link between potassium intake and serum K+ levels. Another concern is that drug-induced hyperkalaemia leads to the down-titration or withdrawal of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) and mineralocorticoids receptors antagonists (MRA) in patients with CKD, depriving these patients of central therapeutic interventions aimed at delaying CKD progression and decreasing CV mortality. The new K+-binder drugs (Patiromer and Sodium-Zirconium Cyclosilicate) have proven to be adequate and safe therapeutic options to control serum K+ in CKD patients, enabling RASI and MRA therapy, and possibly, a more liberal intake of fruit and vegetables. 相似文献
47.
48.
María Luisa Roldn Gema Lizbeth Ramírez-Salinas Marlet Martinez-Archundia Francisco Cuellar-Perez Claudia Andrea Vilchis-Nestor Juan Carlos Cancino-Diaz Liora Shoshani 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(14)
The β2 subunit of Na+, K+-ATPase was originally identified as the adhesion molecule on glia (AMOG) that mediates the adhesion of astrocytes to neurons in the central nervous system and that is implicated in the regulation of neurite outgrowth and neuronal migration. While β1 isoform have been shown to trans-interact in a species-specific mode with the β1 subunit on the epithelial neighboring cell, the β2 subunit has been shown to act as a recognition molecule on the glia. Nevertheless, none of the works have identified the binding partner of β2 or described its adhesion mechanism. Until now, the interactions pronounced for β2/AMOG are heterophilic cis-interactions. In the present report we designed experiments that would clarify whether β2 is a cell–cell homophilic adhesion molecule. For this purpose, we performed protein docking analysis, cell–cell aggregation, and protein–protein interaction assays. We observed that the glycosylated extracellular domain of β2/AMOG can make an energetically stable trans-interacting dimer. We show that CHO (Chinese Hamster Ovary) fibroblasts transfected with the human β2 subunit become more adhesive and make large aggregates. The treatment with Tunicamycin in vivo reduced cell aggregation, suggesting the participation of N-glycans in that process. Protein–protein interaction assay in vivo with MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney) or CHO cells expressing a recombinant β2 subunit show that the β2 subunits on the cell surface of the transfected cell lines interact with each other. Overall, our results suggest that the human β2 subunit can form trans-dimers between neighboring cells when expressed in non-astrocytic cells, such as fibroblasts (CHO) and epithelial cells (MDCK). 相似文献
49.
Three-dimensional segmentation and growth-rate estimation of small pulmonary nodules in helical CT images 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Kostis WJ Reeves AP Yankelevitz DF Henschke CI 《IEEE transactions on medical imaging》2003,22(10):1259-1274
Small pulmonary nodules are a common radiographic finding that presents an important diagnostic challenge in contemporary medicine. While pulmonary nodules are the major radiographic indicator of lung cancer, they may also be signs of a variety of benign conditions. Measurement of nodule growth rate over time has been shown to be the most promising tool in distinguishing malignant from nonmalignant pulmonary nodules. In this paper, we describe three-dimensional (3-D) methods for the segmentation, analysis, and characterization of small pulmonary nodules imaged using computed tomography (CT). Methods for the isotropic resampling of anisotropic CT data are discussed. 3-D intensity and morphology-based segmentation algorithms are discussed for several classes of nodules. New models and methods for volumetric growth characterization based on longitudinal CT studies are developed. The results of segmentation and growth characterization methods based on in vivo studies are described. The methods presented are promising in their ability to distinguish malignant from nonmalignant pulmonary nodules and represent the first such system in clinical use. 相似文献
50.
Claudia Riccardi Federica DAria Filomena Anna Digilio Maria Rosaria Carillo Jussara Amato Dominga Fasano Laura De Rosa Simona Paladino Mariarosa Anna Beatrice Melone Daniela Montesarchio Concetta Giancola 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(9)
A set of guanine-rich aptamers able to preferentially recognize full-length huntingtin with an expanded polyglutamine tract has been recently identified, showing high efficacy in modulating the functions of the mutated protein in a variety of cell experiments. We here report a detailed biophysical characterization of the best aptamer in the series, named MS3, proved to adopt a stable, parallel G-quadruplex structure and show high nuclease resistance in serum. Confocal microscopy experiments on HeLa and SH-SY5Y cells, as models of non-neuronal and neuronal cells, respectively, showed a rapid, dose-dependent uptake of fluorescein-labelled MS3, demonstrating its effective internalization, even in the absence of transfecting agents, with no general cytotoxicity. Then, using a well-established Drosophila melanogaster model for Huntington’s disease, which expresses the mutated form of human huntingtin, a significant improvement in the motor neuronal function in flies fed with MS3 was observed, proving the in vivo efficacy of this aptamer. 相似文献