STORAGE STUDY OF COMMERCIALLY PASTEURIZED WHOLE MILK1

Pasteurized whole milk was obtained from retail outlets and from all the processing plants in Maryland. During storage at 7.0°C the milk was evaluated by a consumer-type panel and analyzed for microbial quality. Over 90% of the milk obtained from the processing plants was judged acceptable by the panel following seven days of storage at 7.0°C, while 78% of the milk obtained at the retail level was judged as acceptable under the same conditions. Approximately 65% of all the milk surveyed at the retail level was less than two days old. Variations in the quality of milk among dairy processors and among retail outlets were noted. Total microbial numbers did not correlate well with organoleptic data.     

Microstructure and Reflectance of a PbO-B2O3-SiO2 Glass with Crystalline Opacifier Additions

Crystalline opacifiers were added to a lead borosilicate glass which was already opaque from phase separation of droplets in a region of liquid-liquid immiscibility. A reflectance enhancement maximum was observed with these additions. Microstructural variations correlated with reflectance measurements, indicating that the maintenance of two-phase immiscibility is essential to opacity in these systems.     

Factors Affecting Catalysis of Lipid Oxidation by a Ferritin containing Extract of Beef Muscle

Ferritin was extracted from bovine diaphragm muscle to determine whether in situ ferritin concentrations could catalyze oxidation of phosphatidylcholine liposomes. Production of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances by the ferritin-containing fraction increased with increasing ascorbate and cysteine (10–500 μ.M). Ascorbate stimulated more lipid oxidation than cysteine. Catalysis of lipid oxidation by ascorbate and the ferritin-containing fraction increased slightly with increasing pH from 5.0 to 7.0. Ferritin/ascorbate was inhibited by superoxide dismutase, EDTA and ceruloplasmin and stimulated by hydrogen peroxide. Data suggest ferritin may be partially responsible for catalysis of lipid oxidation in muscle foods.     

Sequential design of decentralized dynamic compensators using the optimal projection equations

The optimal projection equations for quadratically optimal centralized fixed-order dynamic compensation are generalized to the case in which the dynamic compensator has, in addition, a fixed decentralized structure. Under a stabilizability assumption for the particular feedback configuration, the resulting optimality conditions explicitly characterize each subcontroller in terms of the plant and remaining subcontrollers. This characterization associates an oblique projection with each subcontroller and suggests an iterative sequential design algorithm. The results are applied to an interconnected flexible beam example.     

Unified optimal projection equations for simultaneous reduced-order,robust modelling,estimation and control

An optimal design problem which unifies reduced-order modelling, estimation and control problems is stated. Necessary conditions for optimality are obtained in the form of a coupled system of modified Riccati and Lyapunov equations. The results permit treatment of several new problems, such as reduced-order dynamic compensation with partially known disturbances and unified reduced-order control and estimation. Upon appropriate specialization, results obtained previously for the individual problems of reduced-order modelling, estimation and control are recovered. An additional feature is the inclusion of parameter uncertainty bounds so that the necessary conditions for an auxiliary minimization problem serve as sufficient conditions for simultaneous robust, reduced-order modelling, estimation and control.     

Comparison of a new radar ocean imaging model with SARSEX internal wave image data

Abstract

Good agreement is demonstrated between both L-band and X-band SARSEX internal wave image data and the predictions of a new radar ocean imaging model that incorporates Bragg, specular, and composite scattering effects. It then follows that a two-step hydrodynamic modulation process, as hypothesized by Hughes and Gower, Thompson and Gasparovic, and Watson, does not appear lo be required to explain why the SARSEX L-band and X-band internal wave image modulations are comparable.