一种新型镍基高温合金组织及性能的研究

GH4742(俄ЭП742)合金属于典型的高合金化难变形镍基高温合金涡轮盘材料，本文通过调整Al、Ti、Nb的成分对GH4742合金进行改进，发明了一种新型镍基高温合金。利用JMatPro模拟得到平衡相图，再利用光学金相显微镜和场发射扫描电镜对合金的晶粒组织、碳化物以及γ′相分布情况进行观察，同时对力学性能进行了检测。结果表明：平衡状态下的合金从1 400 ℃到300 ℃的冷却过程中相转变可概括为L → L+γ → L+γ+MC →γ+MC+γ′ → γ+γ′+MC+μ → γ+γ′+μ+MC+M23C6 → γ+γ′+μ+MC+M23C6+σ，780 ℃下析出γ′相的质量分数为40.88%；锻造变形工艺为γ+γ′双相区变形，1 120 ℃固溶后经过标准双时效处理(850 ℃/6 h/AC＋780 ℃/6 h/AC)后的显微组织明显可见两种不同尺寸晶粒，小晶粒(13 μm)呈项链状分布于大晶粒(100 μm)周围；该合金中的碳化物主要为大尺寸、不规则形状的MC(NbC、TiC、VC)，断续穿晶和沿晶分布；强化相γ′相的分布状态也有大小两种不同尺寸，γ′I相平均直径为600 nm，γ′II相平均直径为150 nm，两种尺寸γ′相强化的良好匹配，使得该合金在具有较高强度的同时又具有较高的塑性，力学性能优异，室温抗拉强度1 478 MPa，尤其是650 ℃/863 MPa下的持久性能为194 h，远远超过GH4742合金650 ℃/823 MPa持久下50 h的标准。     

硫酸盐还原菌对铜镍合金腐蚀的影响

利用电化学测试技术，在实验室条件下研究了硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)对铜镍合金腐蚀行为的影响。实验结果表明，SRB的存在使电极开路电位明显负移，极化电阻在细菌生长后期迅速降低。在含SRB的溶液中，铜镍合金表面会形成由腐蚀产物和SRB等组成的混合膜，腐蚀速度受到Cu通过混合膜向电极表面扩散速度的控制。     

国内外不锈钢精炼剂研究发展现状

分析了精炼剂组元元素的作用能力，讨论并总结了精炼剂组元的复合作用，介绍了几种国内、国外精炼剂产品，提出发展高效复合精炼剂的想法。     

电弧超声焊缝跟踪的试验研究

利用声发射探头接收的电弧超声信号进行焊缝跟踪检测。结果表明：对称位置接收到的声发射信号的相位差和幅值差可以作为电弧超声焊缝跟踪的依据。     

Formation and thermal stability of amorphous Ni-Mo-P alloys

The experimental researches on the chemical deposition of Ni-Mo-P amorphous alloys were carried out by adding Na2 MoO4 into acidic solutions. The optimum technology conditions were obtained by orthogonal design experiments. The structures and the relationship between compositions and their thermal stability were studied by energy spectrum (EC), scanning electron micrograph and X-ray diffraction spectrum. Compared with Ni-P amorphous alloys, the Ni-Mo-P amorphous alloys have high crystallization temperature and thermal stability, and the hardness reaches its peak when the annealing temperature is 500 ℃. With the increase of the heat treatment temperature, the surface morphology of the alloys changes.     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V compacts by metal injection molding

Ti-6Al-4V compacts were fabricated by metal injection molding(MIM). Influence of vacuum sintering time on mechanical properties and microstructure of the sintered compacts at 1 260 ℃ were investigated. The experimental results show that the compacts sintered at 1 260 ℃ for 3 -6 h, which was made from hydrogenation-dehydrogenation(HDH) powder(average particles size is 45 μm), have a relative density of 95.6%- 96.7%, ultimate tensile strength of 648 - 686MPa and 0.2% yield strength of 526 - 615MPa; but a lower elongation(＜4%) and that the compacts sintered at 1 260 ℃ for 2 - 6 h, which was made from 90% gas-atomized powder(average particles size is 32.5 μm) and 10 % HDH powder, have higher relative density(＞95 %), ultimate tensile strength of 800 -848MPa,0.2% yield strength of 712 - 762MPa and high elongation (7.4%- 9.5%). When the sintering time is increased,porosity decreases and microstructure of sintered products changes from equiaxed to typical Widmanstatten, the average sizes of prior β grains, α colonies and α phase thickness in the β grains increase accordingly. After HIP treatment,pores obviously become less, microstructure of alloy is refined and mechanical properties are greatly improved.     

Modification mechanism of cerium on the Al-18Si alloy

The effect of the rare earth cerium （Ce） on the hypereutectic Al-Si alloy under different casting states have been studied by optical microscope and quantitative image analysis. It is found that the size and the quantity of primary silicon in castings decrease with the increase of added Ce in the melt. Meanwhile primary silicon changes from branched shape to fine facetted shape. Although the modification on eutectic silicon in castings also improves with the increase of added Ce in the melt, the effect of modification on eutectic silicon away from primary silicon is more obvious than that on eutectic silicon close to primary silicon. The modification mechanism was analyzed in detail by means of scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive analysis of X-ray and thermodynamics analysis, which included the analysis on the change in standard Gibbs energy of reaction and reaction equilibrium.     

基于柔性工程数据库的CAD与PDM系统集成方法研究

分析了信息集成的各种方式 ,研究了当前CAD与PDM系统集成过程中面临的实际问题 ,提出了以柔性工程数据库为基础的CAD与PDM系统集成的解决方法 ,并且描述了系统的框架结构。     

2A12铝合金φ550mm圆铸锭光亮晶粒的防止

2A12铝合金Φ550mm圆铸锭在挤压后，发现有光亮晶粒而导致挤压棒材报废。通过对铸锭光亮晶粒产生原因的分析，采取了防止其产生的措施，最终避免了光亮晶粒冶金缺陷。     

3种分散剂对ITO浆料稳定性能的影响

选用3种分散剂(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、柠檬酸三铵、β-丙氨酸),通过球磨分散法制备ITO浆料,通过考察球磨分散时间和分散剂量对ITO浆料稳定性能的影响,分析比较不同分散剂对浆料稳定性作用,并探究其分散机理。结果表明:3种分散剂分散机制均为静电和空间位阻稳定作用;在相对ITO粉体质量比为5%、最佳球磨分散时间为48 h时,在15 d内ITO浆料的RSH可维持在10%以内;3种分散剂对ITO浆料稳定性的影响由强至弱的顺序为:聚乙烯吡咯烷酮>β-丙氨酸>柠檬酸三铵,与其在溶液中酸碱性强弱顺序一致,其中聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的分散效果最好。