退火温度对铜纳米颗粒复合材料的三阶非线性光学性质的影响

采用离子注入法制备铜纳米颗粒复合材料,在波长为790 nm的入射激光作用下,运用Z-扫描技术测量了铜纳米颗粒复合材料的非线性光学折射率和非线性光学吸收系数,分析了退火温度对铜纳米颗粒复合材料光学性质的影响。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,铜纳米颗粒复合材料的颗粒尺寸明显增大,且光学非线性折射率上升。通过改变非晶二氧化硅中铜纳米颗粒复合材料的形状,得到不同的三阶非线性光学系数的特定值。     

Alkylation of toluene with 1‐dodecene over HFAU zeolite. Deactivation and regeneration

The alkylation of toluene with 1dodecene was carried out over a HFAU zeolite (total and framework Si/Al ratio = 25) under the following conditions: fixedbed reactor, 90°C, molar toluene/dodecene ratio of 3, WHSV =10 h^–. Monododecyltoluenes are selectively formed, bidodecyltoluenes appearing only in low amounts at a complete conversion of dodecene. Tridodecyltoluenes are also formed inside the supercages but cannot desorb from the zeolite. These compounds, mainly located in the outer part of the crystallites are responsible for catalyst deactivation. However, tridodecyltoluenes can be completely removed by treatment under toluene flow, which allows a complete regeneration of the catalyst. This removal occurs by transalkylation between tridodecyltoluenes and toluene molecules with a final formation of monododecyltoluenes. At least, the first transalkylation steps occur between toluene in the liquid phase and tridodecyltoluenes in the zeolite pores (pore mouth catalysis).     

低水头大型水利枢纽汛期运行水位动态控制方法研究与应用——以长洲水利枢纽为例

水库汛期运行水位动态控制是促进雨洪资源利用、缓解水库防洪与兴利之间矛盾、提高水电站综合效益的重要手段。本文以长洲水利枢纽为例,针对低水头大型水利枢纽调度过程中面临库区上游淹没制约、下游尾水顶托、机组出力受限等多约束问题,构建了适用于此类工程的防洪与发电多目标联合优化调度模型,提出基于淹没临界控制线的调洪演算方法和发电流量逐次分配优化求解方法。通过长系列模拟演算和多方案对比分析发现,与常规方案相比,采用运行水位动态控制方案可以使枢纽汛期平均发电水头提升6.88%、平均发电量增加8.75%,经济效益显著。研究方法对低水头大型水利枢纽防洪与发电联合优化调度具有借鉴意义。     

可动态重构的旋翼飞行器设计与运动特性分析

针对旋翼飞行器因机体结构受运动路径中空间变窄限制而无法连续穿越的问题,研究设计了一种可动态重构的旋翼飞行器,通过改变机体构形实现对空间变化的运动应对,提高飞行器在复杂环境下连续运动作业的能力.该系统采用链式模块化结构,通过旋转关节实现构形的2维变化.根据机体结构特点和运动控制方式,基于D-H(Denavit-Hartenberg)规则推导了空间变换矩阵,求解了变化重心,建立了机体运动学模型.基于几何、动力和控制响应约束,提出了构形变换的求解方法,并针对该模型给出了边界条件.最后进行了飞行器稳定性、操纵性及临界构形实验.结果 表明,构形变换过程中,飞行器姿态稳定,无明显突变,各轴向最大变化量在4°以内;濒近临界构形时飞行器操控顺畅,跟踪控制响应能够在0.1s内完成.实验验证了姿态可控的临界构形角度集为{180°,180°,113°},通过几何运算,采用固定航向方式,飞行器的通过半径可缩小21.89％,结合航向控制的方式,最大通过半径可缩小67％.飞行器具备稳健完成动态重构和通过窄间隙的能力.     

Growth and characterization of indium doped zinc oxide films sputtered from powder targets

Indium doped Zn O films were grown on quartz glass substrates by radio frequency magnetron sputtering from powder targets. Indium content in the targets varied from 1at% to 9at%. In doping on the structure, optical and electrical properties of Zn O thin films were studied. X-ray diffraction shows that all the films are hexagonal wurtzite with c-axis perpendicular to the substrates. There is a positive strain in the films and it increases with indium content. All the films show a high transmittance of 86% in the visible light region. Undoped Zn O thin film exhibits a high transmittance in the near infrared region. The transmittance of indium doped Zn O thin films decreases sharply in the near infrared region, and a cut-off wavelength can be found. The lowest resistivity of 4.3×10~(-4) Ω·cm and the highest carrier concentration of 1.86×10~(21) cm~(-3) can be obtained from Zn O thin films with an indium content of 5at% in the target.     

高均匀性长波红外远心照明系统设计

基于数字微镜器件(DMD)的红外景象模拟器可在室内环境下模拟真实景物及其环境的红外辐射,实现对红外成像系统性能的准确测试与评估。照明系统作为红外景象模拟器的重要组成部分,为其提供红外辐射能。为使光束均匀照射在DMD器件表面,通过分析研究黑体特性及朗伯定律,确定采用像方远心光路作为照明系统的结构形式。以拉氏不变量为依据研究确定的照明系统特性参数,能够实现与投影系统完美衔接。根据设计参数完成对照明系统初始结构的计算,利用ZEMAX进行调制、优化,并完成像质评价。设计结果表明,以此方式设计的照明系统均匀性高、球差小,可进一步提高模拟仿真效果。     

Dynamic responses of K-type and inverted-K-type jacket support structures for offshore wind-turbines

Journal of Central South University - The jacket structure has become more popular as the offshore wind-turbine support structure. K-type and inverted-K-type jacket support structures have superior...     

基于CS5463的双流制机车电度表设计

设计一种基于CS5463的双流制机车电度表。介绍了双流制电度表的技术性能、总体结构以及程序设计方法,通过对电能计量模块、中央处理模块、双路供电设备以及GPRS与RS485通信模块进行设计,实现机车交流与直流的显示、与TAX2机车监控装置通信以及远程无线抄表功能。采用型式试验、例行试验对新研制的双流制机车电度表进行测试,试验结果表明,该电度表具有制造成本低、数据处理能力强、安全保障度高、测量精度高、抗干扰能力强等优点。     

Mechanism for clogging of microchannels by small particles with liquid cohesion

We numerically investigate the effect of liquid cohesion on the clogging of microchannels induced by small wet particles. The computer simulation is performed by the discrete element method (DEM) with cohesive contact models in presence of pendular liquid bridges, which is embedded into the computational fluid dynamics (CFD). We find that liquid cohesion significantly promotes particle deposition and agglomerate growth. A clogging phase diagram, in the form of Weber number and Stokes number, is constructed to quantify the clogging-nonclogging transition. The competition between particle–particle and particle–fluid interactions is quantitatively discussed in terms of particle velocity and slip velocity. Strong cohesion can address a greater slip velocity or drag between particles and fluid, which depresses the resuspension of deposited particles and results in clogging. Finally, we compare our results with clogging induced by van der Waals adhesion of small dry particles and find that the competence of liquid cohesion is more prominent.