Experimental design in soap manufacturing for optimization of fuzzified process capability index

In manufacturing industries, the quality of a product depends on the combined effect of multiple input variables working singly or together and therefore attention has been given on process capability indices to shift from single to multivariate domain. In case of multivariable domain the capability to incorporate uncertainties at the time of decision making becomes necessary. Fuzzy system is introduced to take care of this requirement. In this article the process parameters of soap manufacturing industries have been analyzed. The process capability is determined using Fuzzy Inference System rule editor based on a set of justified if then statements as applicable for the process. The data has been collected in linguistic form to derive its process capability, using a set of justified rules and the effect of each factor has been determined using Design of Experiments (DoE) and analysis of variance technique (ANOVA) for improving the soap quality from perspective of its softness. This article ventures to propose a new methodology by integrating Fuzzy with DoE providing better result followed by DoE and Fuzzy Inference system in isolation.     

氟丙防腐涂料的耐候性研究

运用冷拼法制备氟丙树脂并配制了氟丙防腐涂料,比较研究了其与氟碳树脂涂料、含羟基丙烯酸树脂涂料性能及耐老化性能。结果表明:氟丙涂料比氟碳涂料具有更高的光泽度,比丙烯酸涂料有更好的耐候性,树脂含氟量与涂料的光泽度和失光率之间存在线性对应关系,含氟量增加,光泽度和失光率均线性降低。     

3-氨基-4-氯苯甲酸十六酯的合成

以3-氨基-4-氯苯甲酸和正十六醇为原料，二甲苯为溶剂，对甲苯磺酸为催化剂酯化合成3-氨基-4-氯苯甲酸十六酯。采用傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、核磁共振光谱（NMR）的方法对产品的结构进行表征。考察了醇酸摩尔比、催化剂加量、反应物浓度对酯化率的影响。结果表明：醇酸摩尔比1.2:1，催化剂用量为总质量5%，反应物浓度65%，反应时间7 h，酯化率达96.20%，单程收率为73.91%。研究确立了产物提纯、提高单程收率和滤液去除催化剂后回收、重复使用的最佳系统工艺路线，单程收率提至78.90%，总收率为82.62%，产品的纯度高于使用标准。     

Recent progress in road and lane detection: a survey

The problem of road or lane perception is a crucial enabler for advanced driver assistance systems. As such, it has been an active field of research for the past two decades with considerable progress made in the past few years. The problem was confronted under various scenarios, with different task definitions, leading to usage of diverse sensing modalities and approaches. In this paper we survey the approaches and the algorithmic techniques devised for the various modalities over the last 5 years. We present a generic break down of the problem into its functional building blocks and elaborate the wide range of proposed methods within this scheme. For each functional block, we describe the possible implementations suggested and analyze their underlying assumptions. While impressive advancements were demonstrated at limited scenarios, inspection into the needs of next generation systems reveals significant gaps. We identify these gaps and suggest research directions that may bridge them.     

耐药大肠杆菌的致病性与免疫原性

目的了解大肠杆菌耐药株的致病性与免疫原性。方法临床分离耐药大肠杆菌,经适宜条件培养后接种小鼠,观察耐药菌株对小鼠的致病性;并选择已知血清型的不同耐药谱和不同耐药水平的菌,分别培养至对数生长期,经甲醛灭活后免疫小鼠,2周后分别用致死剂量的原菌株和同期分离菌株进行攻毒,考察耐药菌株免疫原性。结果24株耐药菌普通肉汤培养物分别感染小鼠,在接种后18h,存活率仅为4%。只有2株菌在1周内仍不能将小鼠全部致死,经小鼠体内传3代后,可在18h内致死小鼠。耐药谱广的菌株感染的小鼠,心肌发生颗粒变性、局灶性出血、坏死;肝脏糖元溶解,脂肪变性;脾脏轻度淤血,淋巴细胞减少;肾脏出血,肾小球肾炎,上皮细胞颗粒变性,水泡变性。而耐药种类少的菌株与对照敏感菌株感染的小鼠主要特征为脾脏出血、淤血,坏死,脾小体消失;肠上皮细胞坏死、脱落、卡他性肠炎。免疫小鼠以免疫用菌株攻毒,均可得较高的保护率,最低为75%,最高为100%。免疫小鼠用非免疫菌株攻毒,小鼠感染后症状出现较缓慢,在18h后出现死亡高峰。耐药种类少的菌株免疫小鼠,对同期分离的非免疫用的致病性大肠杆菌攻击的保护率偏低,而对受试的11种抗生素耐受7种以上的菌株免疫小鼠后,对致病大肠杆菌攻击的保护率显著提高,多数达到75%以上,经统计学分析差异显著。结论耐药大肠杆菌具有较强致病性,且耐药特性与其免疫保护效果相关,多重耐药株对当前流行菌株具有更好的免疫保护作用。     

Equi-affine Invariant Geometry for Shape Analysis

Traditional models of bendable surfaces are based on the exact or approximate invariance to deformations that do not tear or stretch the shape, leaving intact an intrinsic geometry associated with it. These geometries are typically defined using either the shortest path length (geodesic distance), or properties of heat diffusion (diffusion distance) on the surface. Both measures are implicitly derived from the metric induced by the ambient Euclidean space. In this paper, we depart from this restrictive assumption by observing that a different choice of the metric results in a richer set of geometric invariants. We apply equi-affine geometry for analyzing arbitrary shapes with positive Gaussian curvature. The potential of the proposed framework is explored in a range of applications such as shape matching and retrieval, symmetry detection, and computation of Voroni tessellation. We show that in some shape analysis tasks, equi-affine-invariant intrinsic geometries often outperform their Euclidean-based counterparts. We further explore the potential of this metric in facial anthropometry of newborns. We show that intrinsic properties of this homogeneous group are better captured using the equi-affine metric.     

Coordinated formation pattern control of multiple marine surface vehicles with model uncertainty and time-varying ocean currents

This paper presents a data-driven modeling and optimization method for cavity filters, according to a limited amount of measurement data. In the method, a model that reveals the effect of mechanical structure on electrical performance of cavity filters is firstly developed by an improved algorithm, which can increase the modeling accuracy of small data set by incorporating multi-kernel and prior knowledge into the framework of linear programming support vector regression. Then, an approach to optimize the structure of cavity filters is formulated by using the developed data-based model, and the obtained results can assist the fabrication of the same filter in the future. Some experiments from a synthetic example and a practical application of cavity filter have been carried out, and the experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the method. The model is particularly suited to a computer-aided manufacturing of volume-producing filters, and the proposed algorithm shows great potential in some applications where the experimental data are very few and the prior knowledge is available.     

A zeolite/polymer membrane for separation of ethanol-water azeotrope

A novel membrane effective in the separation of ethanol-water mixtures by pervaporation was made by combining zeolite NaA and poly(vinyl chloride) modified by 2-(2′-butoxyethoxy)ethyl thiolate. Under ambient conditions, a separation factor (α) of 29 and pervaporability (P) of 4 × 10^?4 g m^?1 h^?1 were obtained for the azeotropic mixture whereas, in the absence of zeolite, the respective values were 7 and 7 × 10^?5. A mechanism was proposed relating the preferential water transport at ≈? 50% zeolite content to an interfacial “phase” between the zeolite and the modified polymer.     

安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子的吸附容量研究

研究了安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子Ag 、Zn2 及Cu2 的吸附反应容量 ,发现安吉蒙脱石对抗菌金属离子的吸附等温线可用Freundlich方程加以拟合。抗菌金属离子按照其吸附容量大小的排列次序为Cu2 >Zn2 >Ag ,此次序由三种离子的水化热、离子半径及价态所决定。     

计算甘油代谢目标函数的一种新算法

通量平衡分析是代谢工程研究中能够定量预测细胞内通量分布情况的有效工具,然而其预测准确性的前提是需要设计合理的代谢目标函数。研究了克雷伯氏杆菌歧化甘油生产1,3-丙二醇的代谢目标函数计算问题。该问题的数学形式是一个双层规划模型,首先应用线性规划的对偶理论将其转化为等价的单层非线性优化问题,然后采用非线性优化算法对其进行求解。与已有的研究结果相比,所提方法获得了克雷伯氏杆菌歧化甘油代谢的全局最优通量分布情况。