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81.
Didier Bardon Dick Berry Carolyn Bjerke Dave Roberts 《International journal of human-computer interaction》2013,29(3-4):535-558
This article provides an introduction to the usage of software engineering approaches and tools for the design of user experience (UE). This approach was developed for three main reasons: (a) to provide UE design teams a rigorous, methodical, encompassing method that can be applied throughout the entire product development cycle; (b) to provide designers a way to work with abstract concepts to establish the conceptual design of the system before progressing to the realization of the design to the appropriate platform; and (c) to communicate the intended design to the implementation team in a manner that is concise, complete, and familiar. The approach is the application of Unified Modeling Language concepts to describe users and the UE design rather than the technical architecture. It is believed that designing the UE design separately from the technical architecture will help ensure teams deliver a usable and delightful UE. The methods in this article have been applied to a handful of real-world projects in the last year and a half. Thus far, the application of software engineering approaches and tools have been found to be very powerful aids that have enabled the creation of highly useful Web experiences as well as software applications. Our intent is to address the full gamut of issues involved in creating a total user experience (UE)-from discovery of users needs through high-level and low-level design, ensuring fidelity during development, and deployment, with a full assessment of how well the design meets users' needs. We believe that through a concerted use of such a rigorous approach we can greatly improve not only the UE of products we create, but also the experience of designing and developing them. We are not the only team taking this direction in UE design. It has become clear to many in our field that a more rigorous, thorough, and accurate approach to UE design is not only possible-it is necessary, for many of the same reasons that software engineers long ago embraced such practices. As we are evolving our approaches in other phases, this article focuses on the discovery and design phase activities. 相似文献
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Masashi?Hosokawa Ching?T.?HouEmail author Dave?Weisleder 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2003,80(11):1085-1091
Clavibacter sp. ALA2 oxidized n−3 and n−6 PUFA into a variety of oxylipins. Structures of products converted from EPA and DHA were determined
as 15,18-dihydroxy-14,17-epoxy-5(Z),8(Z),11(Z)-eicosatrienoic acid and 17,20-dihydroxy-16,19-epoxy-4(Z),7(Z),10(Z),13(Z)-docosatetraenoic acid by GC-MS and NMR analyses. In contrast, γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid were converted to diepoxy
bicyclic FA, tetrahydrofuranyl monohydroxy FA, and trihydroxy FA. Thus, the structures of bioconversion products were different
between n−3 and n−6 PUFA. Furthermore, strain ALA2 placed hydroxy groups and cyclic structures at the same position from the
ω-terminal despite the number of carbons in the chain and the double bonds in the PUFA. 相似文献
85.
Thanchanok Ratvijitvech Robert Dawson Andrea Laybourn Yaroslav Z. Khimyak Dave J. Adams Andrew I. Cooper 《Polymer》2014
Control over the surface functionality and microporosity in conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) has been achieved by the post-synthetic modification of amines into amides of with different alkyl chains, one of which was chiral. The surface areas, pore volumes, carbon dioxide uptakes and isosteric heat of adsorption for carbon dioxide can be rationally tuned. 相似文献
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Sirosmelt-type gas injection systems for submerged combustion in metallurgical baths use tubular lances with single or multistart-type
helical vane swirlers in the annular region. These inserts not only promote heat transfer from the tube wall to the gas flowing
through the tube but also increase pressure drop across the lance. The total pressure loss across such inserts is due to entrance
effects and fully developed flow losses. These losses can be quite substantial depending upon the gas flow rate and configuration
of inserts. In this paper, a comparison has been made between fixed and variable pitch inserts as far as pressure drop is
concerned. A simple flow model has been proposed to describe the flow characteristics of both types of insert. An understanding
of these flow characteristics forms a basis for improved lance designs.
formerly Research Fellow, G.K. Williams Centre for Extractive Metallurgy, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of
Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia 相似文献
90.
G He J Hart OS Kim GL Szot CT Siegel JR Thistlethwaite KA Newell 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1999,67(1):131-137
Studies were performed to determine the effects of PTH and related compounds on phosphatidylcholine (PC) hydrolysis in UMR-106 cells and the pathway by which the PTH effects occurred. The responses were compared with those of phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu). Both bovine PTH-(1-34) [bPTH-(1-34)] and PDBu stimulated PC hydrolysis within 10 min. Significant effects were elicited by concentrations of 0.3-1 nM bPTH-(1-34) and 5 nM PDBu. Dose-dependent increases were seen at higher concentrations of both compounds, however, the response to bPTH-(1-34) was reduced at 30 nM. Bovine or human PTH-(1-34) and human PTH-related peptide-(1-34) [hPTHrP-(1-34)] were equipotent in their effects, whereas bovine [Nle(8,18)Tyr34]PTH-(3-34) amide [bPTH-(3-34)] and hPTH-(1-31) amide [hPTH-(1-31)] were less potent than bPTH-(1-34). bPTH-(3-34) did not antagonize the effects of bPTH-(1-34). Down-regulation of protein kinase C isozymes by 24-h treatment with PDBu completely prevented the stimulatory effect of PDBu on PC hydrolysis, but did not significantly affect the stimulatory effect of bPTH-(1-34). Both bPTH-(1-34) and PDBu stimulated transphosphatidylation of PC, indicating a phospholipase D-stimulated mechanism. The results suggest that in the UMR-106 cell line PTH can stimulate activation of PLD by a mechanism other than through protein kinase C. 相似文献