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101.
A microbial amperometric sensor for the determination of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) determination using Trichosporon cutaneum cells immobilized in polyvinylalcohol has been developed. This sensor allowed BOD measurement with very short response times (< 30 s), an operation stability of 48 days and a serial coefficient of variation of ±3.3% when a sample solution containing 22 mg l−1 BOD was employed. A linear range was obtained up to 100 mg l−1 BOD using a glucose/glutamic acid standard. The sensitivity and specificity was increased by incubation of the BOD sensor with the respective wastewater. Comparable results were obtained for BOD values estimated by the biosensor and those determined by the 5-day method. 相似文献
102.
A Lange M Walayat CM Turnbull P Palka P Mankad GR Sutherland MJ Godman 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,78(4):382-389
The properties of chemically cured and light-cured composite resins were recorded at baseline and at intervals over seven years, while the materials were exposed to controlled storage conditions as well as to various conditions typical of clinical situations. For chemically cured resins in clinical conditions, mechanical properties decreased, and working and setting times increased over four years; if refrigerated (controlled), properties remained constant past seven years. For light-cured resins, test results were constant over the entire seven-year test period regardless of storage conditions. An accelerated aging protocol was developed to allow for the evaluation of the relative storage stability of new and similar materials. 相似文献
103.
104.
Friedrich Schne Gerhard Jahreis Gerhard Richter Reinhard Lange 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1993,61(2):245-252
In rapeseed meals (RSM) of a conventional (c) or a newly bred (n) variety 117 or 44 mmol glucosinolates and glucosinolate degradation products per kg dry matter were detected. Soaking meals in aqueous myrosinase or copper sulphate solution and subsequent drying reduced the content of antinutrients by more than 90%. Broiler chickens were fed (i) a glucosinolate-free diet, or this diet in which half the soybean meal was replaced by RSM of various origins and treatment; (ii) untreated cRSM; (iii) cRSM treated with myrosinase: (iv) cRSM treated with Cu (v) untreated nRSM; or (vi) nRSM treated with myrosinase. These diets were administered with or without supplementary iodine. Chickens receiving the iodine-deficient diets with myrosinase-treated RSM showed growth depression, incomplete feathering, leg injuries and severe goitre. In the serum T4 could not be detected. Giving myrosinase-treated RSM plus iodine, or giving other RSM diets irrespective of iodine administration, no growth depression was observed. RSM diets without iodine dosage markedly increased thyroid weight: there were no differences between the RSM variants. In contrast to the treatment with myrosinase, in the sera of the chickens fed on untreated RSM or RSM treated with copper T4 could be detected, suggesting that in iodine-deficient conditions differences in serum T4 concentration between RSM groups indicate a differing anti-thyroid activity. With iodine supplementation the RSM had a significant effect on thyroid weight. The largest thyroids (five-fold heavier) were in the animals with myrosinase-treated cRSM. The untreated cRSM and the nRSM trebled or doubled the thyroid weight, and the myrosinase-treated nRSM trebled it. The thyroid weight of chicks fed cRSM treated with copper did not differ significantly from the glucosinolate-free control. There was evidence that heating the myrosinase-treated RMS produced anti-thyroid compounds; these should be identified in further investigations. 相似文献
105.
Ripoche J. Lange H.R. France M.A. Prade B.S. Rousseau P. Mysyrowicz A. 《IEEE journal of selected topics in quantum electronics》1998,4(2):301-305
In summary, we have demonstrated a new method for the characterization of ultrashort pulses which can be easily implemented and which is particularly well suited to high intensity lasers. It is shown that it is possible to simply determine the temporal shape of femtosecond pulses using plasma-induced cross-phase modulation in ionized air 相似文献
106.
The controlled placement of DNA molecules onto solid surfaces is the first step in the fabrication of DNA arrays. The sequential deposition of tiny drops containing the probe DNA fragments using arrays of spotting needles or ink jet nozzles has become a standard. However, a caveat of liquid spotting is the drying of the deposited drop because this creates the typical inhomogeneities, i.e., rims around the spot. Another drawback is that each DNA array is an original and has to be fabricated individually. Microcontact printing is a versatile technique to place proteins onto different target surfaces in uniformly patterned monolayers with high lateral resolution. Here, we show for the first time that DNA can also be printed with equally high resolution in the submicrometer range using an elastomeric stamp with chemically tailored surface. Two regimes for the transfer of the molecules were observed. Finally, microcontact printing of an array of DNA probes onto a solid support and its use in a subsequent hybridization assay was demonstrated. 相似文献
107.
108.
109.
A composite material was prepared from graphene and palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) by layer-by-layer deposition on gold electrodes. The material was characterized by absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated the presence of electrocatalytic centers in the palladium decorated graphene. This material can serve as a sensor material for hydrogen at levels from 0.5 to 1% in synthetic air. Pure graphene is poorly sensitive to hydrogen, but incorporation of PdNPs increases its sensitivity by more than an order of magnitude. The effects of hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide and humidity were studied. Sensor regeneration is accelerated in humid air. The sensitivity of the nanocomposite depends on the number of bilayers of graphene–PdNPs. 相似文献
110.
Wenbin Li Amir Ghazanfari Devin McMillen Ming C. Leu Gregory E. Hilmas Jeremy Watts 《Ceramics International》2018,44(11):12245-12252
The Ceramic On-Demand Extrusion (CODE) process is a novel additive manufacturing method for fabricating dense (~99% of theoretical density) ceramic components from aqueous, high solids loading pastes (>50?vol%). In this study, 3?mol% Y2O3 stabilized zirconia (3YSZ) specimens were fabricated using the CODE process. The specimens were then dried in a humidity-controlled environmental chamber and afterwards sintered under atmospheric conditions. Mechanical properties of the sintered specimens were examined using ASTM standard test techniques, including density, Young’s modulus, flexural strength, Weibull modulus, fracture toughness, and Vickers hardness. The microstructure was analyzed and grain size measured using scanning electron microscopy. The results were compared with those from Direct Inkjet Printing, Selective Laser Sintering, Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing (LCM), and other extrusion-based processes, and indicated that zirconia specimens produced by CODE exhibit superior mechanical properties among the additive manufacturing processes. Several sample components were produced to demonstrate CODE’s capability for fabricating geometrically complex ceramic components. The surface roughness of these components was also examined. 相似文献