Formal methods integration for the specification of dependable distributed systems

This paper describes a real-world case study in the specification and analysis of dependable distributed systems. The case study is an automated transport system with safety requirements. In order to manage the complexity of the problem of specifying the dynamic behavior of the whole system, a compositional approach is used, based on the integration of the trace logic of the Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) theory, and stochastic Petri nets (SPNs). It is argued that the integration of different formal methods is a useful approach in the definition of practical engineering methodologies for the specification, design and analysis of complex dependable distributed systems.     

自起动脉振磁场永磁低速同步电动机的原理和实验

本文提出了一种新结构原理的同步电动机－自动起动振磁场永磁低速同步电动机，介绍了该电机的结构和原理及自起动判据，并说明了满足起动条件和工艺要求地，电机主要尺寸的制约关系，实验证明上述设计准则是正确的。     

最小均方误差 LB 估计

文中讨论的是回归系数的线性有偏估计问题，并给出了一个重要结果，这就是最小均方误差意义下的回归系数的线性有偏估计。     

屏式过热器同屏各管流量偏差的研究

在电站的各种事故中，锅炉事故所占比例最高，而锅炉的各种事故又以过热器和再热器超湿爆管事故率最高。     

用光功率计GP—IB接口实现自动测量

文中讨论了对ＭＬ９００１光功率计的ＧＰ－ＩＢ接口的开发，从而实现了计算机自动测试光功率稳定性。     

虚拟仪器软件体系结构（VISA）

本文介绍了ＶＩＳＡ的开发目的，内部结构特点，分布式系统支持原理，从ＶＩＳＡ的内部属性，软件兼容性和增强功能，硬件支持能力等几方面分析了ＶＩＳＡ的特性，阐述了ＶＩＳＡ作为Ｉ／Ｏ软件标准，为软件工具化提供了一多厂家基础的可行性和科学性。     

综合分析优化浆料配方

针对１０ｔｅｘ纯棉经纱和１３ｔｅｘＴ６５／Ｃ３５涤棉经纱，选用５种浆料配方，在测定浆液和浆纱性能１２项质量指标的基础上，运用浓缩映射法和功能评价值对实验数据进行处理，并进行上浆成本核算，综合分析优选出最佳的浆料配方．投产后，织造效率由８２．４％提高到９３．６％．     

大中型商场客流密度现状分析

根据对大中型商场客流密度现状进行的调查，得出了９０年代商场全年客流密度、日客流密度变化规律和商场总客流密度、各楼层及各种售货厅客流密度的年均值，分析了影响因素，并与８０年代的结果进行比较，在此基础上给出了新的设计推荐值，可供商场空调设计时参考．     

Integrated optical pH sensor using replicated chirped grating coupler sensor chips

Integrated optical sensor chips suitable for high-resolution pH measurements are presented. The pH-sensitive swelling of a polymer membrane is detected by refractometry using a compact multi-channel sensor module. The signal transduction is achieved by means of chirped grating couplers which allow simple yet high functionality sensor modules to be built. The experiments have been performed with high sensitivity replicated polycarbonate TiO₂ waveguide sensor chips coated with an ultrathin photopatterned hydrogel membrane having functional groups which reversibly change from the neutral state to a charged state upon acidification. A resolution δpH <±1.1×10⁻⁴ in terms of the pH (at pH 7.5) has been obtained in a dual-channel module with size 10×10×10 cm³.     

The UML as a formal modeling notation

The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is an Object Management Group (OMG) object-oriented (OO) modeling notation standard. It consists of a set of notations for modeling systems from a variety of views and at varying levels of abstraction. While the UML reflects some of the best OO modeling experiences available, it suffers from a lack of precise semantics that is necessary if one is to use the notations to precisely model systems and to rigorously reason about the models. In this paper we discuss some of the problems with the current UML semantic document and present the approach that the precise UML group (pUML) group is using to develop a precise semantics for the UML. The approach utilizes mathematical techniques to explore and gain insights into appropriate semantics for UML modeling concepts. The insights and formal expressions will then be used to develop a UML semantics document written in natural language that defines the semantics in a precise, consistent, and understandable manner.