The effect of spherical projectile speed in ricochet off water and sand

Experimental results are reported for the ricochet of steel and duralumin spheres ( and 1 in. dia.), from shallow depths of water and dry sand. The critical angle for ricochet off water is shown to increase with speed to approach the theoretical limit of . For ricochet off sand the critical angle decreases with speed but a cut-off angle exists, , for which no ricochet occurs at any speed.     

On the Application of Functional Analysis to the Optimization of the Production of Hydroelectric Power

This paper presents a new approach the authors have used for solving the optimal long-term problem of a hydro power system for maximum expected benefits (benefits from energy generated by a hydro power system over the planning period plus the expected future returns from water left in storage at the end of that period). The problem is formulated as a minimum norm problem in the framework of functional analytic optimization technique. The proposed method takes into account the stochasticity of the water inflows, we assume that their probability properties are pre-estimated from past history. Numerical results are presented for a real system in operation consisting of three rivers; each river has two series reservoirs. The computing time using this approach is very small compared to that of other approaches.     

The oxygen,oxygen/sulphur dioxide and oxygen/carbon dioxide electrodes in molten lithium sulphate—potassium sulphate eutectic

Open-ciruit potential, potentiostatic and voltammetric measurements of the O₂, O₂/SO₂ and O₂/CO₂ electrodes have been made in molten Li₂SO₄K₂SO₄ eutectic at 625°C. In the absence of SO₂ the overall reaction of the O₂ electrode is the reduction of O₂ to O^2? through the formation of O^2?₂ ions. In the presence of SO₂ the overall reaction is the reduction of SO₂ and O₂ to SO^2?₄, probably through the formation of SO^2?₃. The overall reaction of the O₂/CO₂ electrode is similar to that of the same electrode in molten carbonates, ie the reduction of CO₂ and O₂ to CO^2?₃. The transfer coefficients and exchange currents have been estimated for these reactions on platinum and gold.     

Ex‐vivo magnetic resonance image texture analysis can discriminate genotypic origin in bovine meat

Texture analysis (TA) combined with dedicated gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at high field provides specific parametric maps of connective tissue and allows statistical analysis of the resulting texture. The present study clearly demonstrates that MRI‐TA of bovine meat can discriminate between muscle types Gluteo biceps and Pectoralis profundus, and between genotype origins corresponding to the mutation on the myostatin gene: normal +/+, heterozygous mh/+ or homozygous double‐muscled mh/mh Belgian White Blue bulls. Values of interclass separations reflect the significantly different collagen and fat contents in these genotypes. To our knowledge, no previous study has demonstrated such a correlation between MRI texture and genetics‐related modifications. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

Low Voltage Digitally Controlled CMOS Current Conveyor

In this paper, a digitally controlled current conveyo(DCCC) is presented. The proposed DCCC is based on rail-to-rail folded cascode implementation with a current division network (CDN). The CDN is used to provide control on the current gain of the DCCC. The CDN uses a novel current division technique based on differential pairs. The proposed DCCC can operate from ±1.5 V supply voltages. Applications of the proposed DCCC such as variable gain amplifiers (VGA) and digitally tunedfilters have been investigated. PSpice simulations based on the AMI 1.2 µm N-well level 3 parameters are in agreement with the presented work.     

Assessment of Upstream Human Intervention Coupled with Climate Change Impact for a Transboundary River Flow Regime: Nile River Basin

Water Resources Management - The aim of this article is to determine how human interventions in upstream countries coupled with drought events are affecting the flow regime of downstream countries...     

Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of some new azobenzenesulfonamide

Abstract

Diazotized sulfadiazine derivative (1) was coupled with some nitrogen heterocyclic namely (thiazolone derivatives 2a–c, thiazole derivatives 4a–c and barbituric acid derivatives 6a,b) to give the corresponding azo compounds 3a–c, 5a–c and 7a,b in good yields. The newly synthesized azo benzene sulfonamide dyes were recorded their UV visible spectra in the region 200–600?nm in four different solvents and discussed the effect of solvents, substituent and effect of acid and base on the absorption values of these dyes.