Analysis of the Scattering Characteristic of Several Waveguide Components Using Boundary Element Method

Several kinds of waveguide components such as curved waveguide bends, arbitrary angle waveguide bends and T-junctions have been analyzed with boundary element method in this paper. A new discretization method for the boundary element method to solve the waveguide discontinuities has been given. The numerical results obtained agree well with the experimental results and numerical results in other literature. Especially, the scattering characteristics of Forded E-, H-plane T-junctions in 3mm band have been analyzed using boundary element method and the calculation results are presented.     

On the effect of spatial variances in historical rainfall time series to CSO performance evaluation.

Historical, high-resolution rain series are the backbone of modern combined sewer overflow (CSO) structure design. These rain series are the input to the computational estimation of the performance of the measures with respect to CSO pollution abatement. However, those historical precipitation measurements are available at only a few locations. Frequently rain series have to be used from gauging stations at a significant distance. In order to judge and to compensate for this influence an estimate between rain characteristics and combined sewer outflow (CSO) performance indicators would be useful. In this paper such correlations have been sought for a collection of 37 rain series covering large areas of Europe. It was found that the mean annual rain volume can explain most of the variances for the performance indicators Number of overflows and CSO volume. For explaining the spatial differences in the efficiency of the CSO structure another rain characteristic, i.e. the maximum event with a return period of one year, is to be used.     

EBSP study of the annealing behavior of aluminum deformed by equal channel angular processing

Commercial purity aluminum (99.5%) was fabricated by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) up to total accumulated strains of approx. 10. The annealing behavior of material deformed to total strains of approx. 1 and 10 was investigated, using heat treatments of 2 h at various temperatures from 100 to 500 °C. The microstructure of the annealed materials was characterized using the electron back-scatter pattern technique. A number of parameters were determined including the distribution and average values of both the boundary spacings and misorientations. For samples deformed to a total strain of 1, annealing resulted in discontinuous recrystallization. For samples deformed to a total strain of 10, annealing resulted in microstructures exhibiting characteristics of both uniform coarsening and, in a number of places, of discontinuous recrystallization. An attempt was made, based on the boundary spacing distributions, to separate these two components. The grain size after annealing was still however small, being just 6.4 μm after 2 h at 300 °C.     

An effective compact analyzer of electron spin polarization

A compact electron polarimeter employing the classical Mott scheme has been developed and tested. The device has an efficiency of about 5.6×10⁻⁴, a maximum count rate of 5×10⁵ cps, dimensions 15 cm (diameter) × 25 cm (length), and a working voltage of 40 kV. The polarimeter can operate for a long time under arbitrary vacuum conditions without maintenance, exhibiting no changes in the main working characteristics, and obeys all requirements to the electron spin polarization studies on the modern level.     

Magnetic Properties of Fe-Doped Rutile

Ball-milling method was applied to dissolve Fe into titanium dioxide (TiO₂). X-ray diffraction indicated the starting anatase changed to a rutile-type structure with oxygen deficiency after ball milling. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray absorption experiments were conducted to examine the possible existence of magnetic impurities in the ball-milled powders after they were leached in HCl solutions. Temperature dependence of the resistivity shows semiconducting behavior and the magnetic hysteresis loops at 5 and 300 K exhibit ferromagnetic characteristics. Fe-doped TiO₂ films were also prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The magnetic properties of the films are discussed.     

实时GPS定位中的自适应故障检测

给出了一种GPS卡尔曼滤波的自适应方案,该方案能根据GPS导航中变化的动态来估计协方差.当增强卡尔曼滤波器时,方案可得到更精确的定位修正.此外,也可将此估计方法用于完整监测,以增强故障检测的阈值选择.采用模拟数据验证了提出方法的正确性.     

Some Specific Features of Degradation of Superheater Tubes of the Boilers of Thermal Electric Power Plants Made of 12Kh18N12T Steel

We study the process of degradation and damage for superheater tubes of the pressure boilers of power plants made of austenitic chromium-nickel steel. The role of sensitization and partial sigmatization of austenitic steel in the embrittlement of the tubes is analyzed.__________Translated from Fizyko-Khimichna Mekhanika Materialiv, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 81–86, July–August, 2004.     

Thermomechanical finite-element model of shell behavior in continuous casting of steel

A coupled finite-element model, CON2D, has been developed to simulate temperature, stress, and shape development during the continuous casting of steel, both in and below the mold. The model simulates a transverse section of the strand in generalized plane strain as it moves down at the casting speed. It includes the effects of heat conduction, solidification, nonuniform superheat dissipation due to turbulent fluid flow, mutual dependence of the heat transfer and shrinkage on the size of the interfacial gap, the taper of the mold wall, and the thermal distortion of the mold. The stress model features an elastic-viscoplastic creep constitutive equation that accounts for the different responses of the liquid, semisolid, delta-ferrite, and austenite phases. Functions depending on temperature and composition are employed for properties such as thermal linear expansion. A contact algorithm is used to prevent penetration of the shell into the mold wall due to the internal liquid pressure. An efficient two-step algorithm is used to integrate these highly nonlinear equations. The model is validated with an analytical solution for both temperature and stress in a solidifying slab. It is applied to simulate continuous casting of a 120 mm billet and compares favorably with plant measurements of mold wall temperature, total heat removal, and shell thickness, including thinning of the corner. The model is ready to investigate issues in continuous casting such as mold taper optimization, minimum shell thickness to avoid breakouts, and maximum casting speed to avoid hot-tear crack formation due to submold bulging.     

Reading Motivation: Multidimensional and Indeterminate.

The Motivations for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ) contains 54 items that are posited to tap 11 dimensions of reading motivation. The structural validity of the MRQ was investigated with 2 samples: (a) 328 students in Grades 3-5 from 2 suburban mid-Atlantic elementary schools and (b) 735 students in Grades 3-5 in 2 suburban southwestern elementary schools. With confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), the theoretical 11-factor structure did not adequately fit the data in either sample. Subsequently, exploratory factor analyses found 8 factors for each sample with 6 factors defined by only 3 or 4 common items. However, a double CFA cross-validation found an inadequate fit for both samples. Given these results, the authors suggest that the MRQ be revised. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)