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51.
J. C. Clark G. G. Ihas M. Reghu C. O. Yoon A. J. Heeger Y. Cao 《Journal of Low Temperature Physics》1995,101(3-4):605-610
Advances in the synthesis of organic conducting polymer systems has increased the electrical conductivity of these systems by several orders of magnitude in the last decade. Several practical applications are envisioned for such systems, but a thorough understanding of the conduction mechanisms and identification of the charge carriers is lacking, making design and implementation for bulk synthesis difficult. In order to clarify our understanding of the electrical properties of these systems, the resistivity and magnetoresistivity of various polymers doped near the metal - insulator transition, such as polyaniline protonated by camphor sulfonic acid (PANi-CSA) and polypyrrole doped with PF6 (PPy-PF6), have been studied down to 25 mK in magnetic fields up to 16 T. 相似文献
52.
The semicontinuous separation/concentration of two solutes with different molecular size by the size exclusion cyclic separation
method is based on the opposite swelling responses of two gels to a temperature change. Experimental results of separation
and concentration of solutes are verified qualitatively by the theoretical models based on the local equilibrium assumption.
Separation of two solutes is shown by the breakthrough curves in coupled gel columns. In closed coupled columns, the volumetric
space for the large molecules which are totally excluded from the gels becomes smaller, creating a concentrating effect as
the gels swell when temperature changes. A mechanistic model is suggested to predict the large molecule concentration to increase
to its solubility limit as cycle repeats. 相似文献
53.
54.
Occlusion of large atrial septal defects with a centering buttoned device: early clinical experience
EB Sideris M Leung JH Yoon CR Chen R Lochan AM Worms C Rey B Meier 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,131(2):356-359
A feasibility clinical study was conducted for the transcatheter occlusion of large ostium secundum atrial septal defects with the centering buttoned device. The centering buttoned device is a modification of the regular buttoned device in which a centering counter-occluder is sutured at the central 40% portion of the occluder. During centering it is stretched, forming a parachute-shaped structure and pulling the occluder over the center of the defect. During buttoning, the counter-occluder forms a double figure eight, opposing the right atrial side of the atrial septum. Occlusion was performed in 12 patients aged 6 to 56 years. All had been rejected for transcatheter occlusion by the regular buttoned device, because of either their defect size or the lack of adequate septal rim. The defect size varied between 23 and 31 mm, and the device size varied between 45 and 60 mm. Nine had immediate effective occlusions of their defects and three residual shunts. One patient with unbuttoning had hemolysis at 2 weeks and underwent surgery. Early results of the transcatheter occlusion of large atrial septal defects are promising, and larger clinical trials are justified. 相似文献
55.
56.
The performance of a linear decorrelating detector (LDD) and a minimum mean square error (MMSE) detector is analyzed for random spreading waveforms. The performance of the LDD and MMSE detectors is expressed in terms of the so-called near-far resistance, defined by a reciprocal of a diagonal component of inverse matrix. For random code division multiple access, which employs random spreading waveforms, the near-far resistance can be regarded as a random variable. Many papers have dealt with the analysis of multiuser detectors for random spreading sequences. In most cases, however, these analyses derived only the expectations or bounds for the near-far resistance. In this paper, we directly derive the approximate probability density function (PDF) of the near-far resistance and corresponding bit error rate expression for random spreading sequences. It is based on Gaussian approximation of the cross correlation between any two randomly generated spreading codes. The resulting PDF turned out to be a reversed-and-scaled version of chi-square distribution. The approximate expressions, both the PDF and the corresponding bit error rate expression, were verified via Monte Carlo simulations. The results showed that the approximation is quite close to the simulation results when the number of users is less than half the processing gain 相似文献
57.
Disagreement exists in the literature concerting the activity of NiO in (Ni,Mg)O solid solutions. Ideal behavior, as well as strong positive deviations and strong negative deviations from ideality, has been reported. In the present study, the activity of NiO was determined by electromotive force measurements using the solid-state cell Pt/Ni-NiO/0.92ZrO2 -0.08Y2 O3 /Ni-(Ni,Mg)O/Pt. The compositions studied had NiO mole fractions of 0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7, and 0.9. In agreement with theoretical expectations, the solid solutions exhibited ideal behavior at 882° and 982°C. Possible reasons for the conflicting results in the literature arc presented. 相似文献
58.
The energy release rate, which is the total derivative of the energy with respect to crack length, is recognized as corresponding to the shape sensitivity analysis with the crack length change represented by the tangential component of design velocity. In this paper the sensitivity formula recently developed for a changing boundary condition has been further extended to cover crack kinking under mixed mode loading. Due to difficulty in defining the velocity field at the corner, the energy release rate at the onset of crack kinking is obtained by extrapolating the energy release rates for finite length kinked cracks. A rectangular plate with a single edge slant crack under uniform tension is taken as a numerical example. The multi-region technique in the numerical implementation of the boundary integral equation is adopted to consider the asymmetry of the problem. Excellent accuracy is observed as compared with reference analytic solutions. 相似文献
59.
本文主要介绍了硅中硼离子注入校准样品的制备与研究。分别用三台SIMS仪器对样品进行了深度剖析与比对,并对用作校准目的的样品主要参数进行了定值。 相似文献
60.
Experimental studies on the aerodynamic coupling effect on natural frequencies and flutter instability of rotating disks
are investigated in this paper. The experiments performed using a vacuum chamber and optical disks give two main results.
One is that the aerodynamic effect by surrounding air reduces the natural frequencies and critical speeds of the vibration
modes in pre-flutter regions. The other is that the natural frequency of the disk rotating at ambient atmospheric pressure
is equal to that in vacuum at the flutter onset speed where the disk experiences aero-induced flutter. In post-flutter regions,
the aerodynamic coupling between the disk and surrounding air increases the natural frequencies of the disk.
Received: 17 June 2002/Accepted: 7 October 2002
The work was supported by Grant No. R11-1997-042-090001-0 of the Center for Information Storage Devices designated by the
Korea Science & Engineering Foundation.
Paper presented at the 13th Annual Symposium on Information Storage and Processing Systems, Santa Clara, CA, USA, 17–18 June,
2002 相似文献