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991.
铝系阻燃剂阻燃PP的力学性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将用偶联剂处理的碱式碳酸铝镁加入到聚丙烯中,通过对体系阻燃性、力学性能等研究得出:碱式碳酸铝镁能够对聚丙烯起到良好的阻燃效果,碱式碳酸铝镁的加入提高了聚丙烯的冲击强度,当碱式碳酸铝镁质量分数为23%时,体系的冲击强度最高。研究了偶联荆的用量对体系力学性能的影响,结果表明,随偶联荆用量的增加,体系的拉伸强度降低,冲击强度先升高后降低,当偶联荆质量分数为1.0%时,体系的冲击强度最高。 相似文献
992.
Various lamellar orientations of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), due to competition between bulk nucleation and interfacial nucleation, have been realized in its melt drawn blends with isotactic polypropylene (iPP) upon cooling after subjected to 160 °C for 30 min. Directed crystallization, with heterogeneous nucleation in the bulk (within domains), is defined as lamellar growth along boundary of anisotropic domains and is favored in larger domains at higher temperature (slow cooling), since overgrowth of lamellae can feel the interface rather than impingement with neighbor ones as a result of scare nuclei at higher temperature. Moreover, lamellar growth caused by directed crystallization is dependent of dimension of confinement. Due to 2D confinement of cylindrical domains, lamellae can only grow along the axis of cylinder and thus b-axis orientation is formed. While in the layered domains with 1D confinement, however, lamellae grow with the normal of (110) plane along the melt drawn direction. On the other hand, epitaxial growth of HDPE chains onto iPP lamellae is related to the surface-induced crystallization and dominated by the interfacial nucleation. Only interfacial nucleation is preferred can epitaxial growth occur. Therefore, retarded crystallization, realized by either strong confinement in finer domains or rapid cooling or both, is favorable for it. 相似文献
993.
Gudrún V. Skúladóttir Du Shi-Hua Ann E. Brodie Donald J. Reed Rosemary C. Wander 《Lipids》1994,29(5):351-357
Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets for four weeks which differed in their content of n−6 (corn oil; CO) and
n−3 fatty acids (fish oil; FO), but were similar in their content of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids and vitamin
E. At the end of the four-week feeding period, each dietary group was subdivided into two groups. One group received a single
placebo injection of α-tocopherol-stripped corn oil (TSCO); the other group received a single injection of the free radical
generator, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), in TSCO. Twenty-four hours after injection, the effect of dietary oil and
MEKP treatment on endogenous lipid peroxide (LPO) production (measured as methylene blue formed by the “Determiner LPO” assay),
glutathione (GSH) and vitamin E content, and fatty acid composition of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in
heart and liver from unfasted animals were measured. FO-fed rats had significantly heavier hearts and livers, increased levels
of n−3 fatty acids in membrane phospholipids, and higher liver LPO levels than CO-fed rats. MEKP treatment resulted in significantly
lower body weights and liver GSH levels. The data indicate that dietary n−3 fatty acids increase lipid peroxidation in liver
somewhat more than in heart. The study also demonstrates that the effect of induced oxidative stress due to a single dose
of MEKP on lipid peroxide formation and antioxidant status in tissues from unfasted animals was independent of the dietary
oils. 相似文献
994.
The detergency profiles of sodium salt α-sulfonated methyl esters derived from palm stearin (α-SMEPS) and polyoxyethylene
(20) sorbitan monoesters (POESE) in mixed micelle systems were evaluated as a function of the weight ratios of α-SMEPS/POESE
[polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (12), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (18∶0), and polyoxyethylene (20)
sorbitan monooleate (18∶1)] at different water hardness values (5.12, 51.2, and 512.0 ppm CaCO3) and temperatures (20, 30, 45, and 65°C), respectively. All the mixtures of α-SMEPS/POESE (12, 18∶0, and 18∶1) systems exhibited
a synergistic effect at 65°C in the absence of hardness. This was evaluated by measuring the percentage of soil removed. The
systems showed an increase in detergency with both the temperature and water hardness. Maximal detergency was observed with
5.12 ppm CaCO3 in the mixed surfactant solution. 相似文献
995.
C4+ and S4+-codoped titanium dioxide (TiO2) having a rutile phase was prepared. By doping C4+ and S4+ ions into a TiO2 lattice, the absorption edge of rutile TiO2 powder was largely shifted from 400 to 700 nm. 2-Methylpyridine and methyleneblue were photocatalytically oxidized at high efficiency on C4+ and S4+-doped TiO2 under visible light at a wavelength longer than 5 nm. 相似文献
996.
Hatice Kaplan Can A. Lale Doan Zakir M. O. Rzaev Ayegül Hasegeli Uner Ali Güner 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,100(5):3425-3432
The ternary copolymerization of maleic anhydride (MA), vinyl acetate (VA), and acrylic acid (AA) [P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA)], which is considered to be an acceptor–donor–acceptor system, was carried out in 1,4‐dioxane with benzoyl peroxide as an initiator at 70°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Constants of complex formation for the monomer systems in the study were determined by UV–visible (hydrogen‐bonding complex) and 1H‐NMR (charge transfer complex) methods, respectively. The results show that polymerization of the P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) system proceeds by an alternating terpolymerization mechanism. It is shown that the synthesized copolymers have typical polyelectrolyte behavior, ability for reversible hydrolysis–anhydrization reactions, and semicrystalline structures. In these cases, including radical polymerization, and formation of semicrystalline structures, the hydrogen‐bonding effect plays a significant role. The in vitro cytotoxicities of the synthesized terpolymer and alternating copolymer were evaluated using Raji cells (human Burkitt lymphoma cell line). The antitumor activities of prepared anion‐active copolymers were studied using methyl–thiazol–tetrazolium colorimetric assay and 50% of the cytotoxic dose of each copolymer and terpolymer were calculated. Hydrolyzed P(MA‐co‐VA‐co‐AA) and P(MA‐alt‐AA) copolymers have sufficiently high antitumor activity, which depends on the amount of hydrogen‐bonding carboxylic groups and their regular distribution in the side chain of functional macromolecules. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 3425–3432, 2006 相似文献
997.
Mi Young Choi S. Anandhan Ji Ho Youk Du Hyun Baik Seung Won Seo Han Sup Lee 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,102(3):3048-3055
Nanocomposites based on thermoplastic elastomeric polyurethane (TPU) and layered silicate clay were prepared by in situ synthesis. The properties of nanocomposites of TPU with unmodified clay were compared with that of organically modified clay. The nanocomposites of the TPU and organomodified clay showed better dispersion and exhibited superior properties. Exfoliation of the clay layers was observed at low organoclay contents, whereas an intercalated morphology was observed at higher clay contents. As one of major purposes of this study, the effect of the silicate layers in the nanocomposites on the order–disorder transition temperature (TODT) of the TPU was evaluated from the intensity change of the hydrogen‐bonded and free carbonyl stretching peaks and from the peak position change of the N? H bending peak. The presence of the organoclay increased TODT by approximately 10°C, which indicated improved stability in the phase‐separated domain structure. The layered silicate clay caused a tremendous improvement in the stiffness of the TPU; meanwhile, a reduction in the ultimate elongation was observed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3048–3055, 2006 相似文献
998.
Amanda D’Cruz Mangesh G. Kulkarni Lekha Charan Meher Ajay K. Dalai 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2007,84(10):937-943
A series of alkali metal (Li, Na, K) promoted alkali earth oxides (CaO, BaO, MgO), as well as K2CO3 supported on alumina (Al2O3), were prepared and used as catalysts for transesterification of canola oil with methanol. Four catalysts such as K2CO3/Al2O3 and alkali metal (Li, Na, K) promoted BaO were effective for transesterification with >85 wt% of methyl esters. ICP-MS analysis
revealed that leaching of barium in ester phase was too high (~1,000 ppm) when BaO based catalysts were used. As barium is
highly toxic, these catalysts were not used further for transesterification of canola oil. Optimization of reaction conditions
such as molar ratio of alcohol to oil (6:1–12:1), reaction temperature (40–60 °C) and catalyst loading (1–3 wt%) was performed
for most efficient and environmentally friendly K2CO3/Al2O3 catalyst to maximize ester yield using response surface methodology (RSM). The RSM suggested that a molar ratio of alcohol
to oil 11.48:1, a reaction temperature of 60 °C, and catalyst loading 3.16 wt% were optimum for the production of ester from
canola oil. The predicted value of ester yield was 96.3 wt% in 2 h, which was in agreement with the experimental results within
1.28%. 相似文献
999.
Saziye Ugur Ayse Alemdar Önder Pekcan 《Journal of Coatings Technology and Research》2005,2(7):565-575
This study reports a steady-state fluorescence (SSF) technique for studying film formation from surfactant-free polystyrene
(PS) latex and Na-montmorillonite (SNaM) composites. The composite films were prepared from pyrene (P)-labeled PS particles
and SNaM clay at room temperature and annealed at elevated temperatures in 10-min intervals above glass transition temperature
(t3) of polystyrene. During the annealing processes, the transparency of the film improved considerably. Scattered light (Is) and fluorescence intensity (Ip) from P were measured after each annealing step to monitor the stages of film formation. Evolution of transparency of composite
films was monitored by using photon transmission intensity, Itr. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to detect the variation in physical structure of annealed composite films. Minimum
film formation temperature, Tq, and healing temperatures, Th, were determined. Void closure and interdiffusion stages were modeled and related activation energies were determined. It
was observed that both activation energies increased as the percent of SNaM was increased in composite films. 相似文献
1000.
Ming Li Zbigniew Twardowski Felix Mok Norbert Tam 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2007,37(4):499-504
Sodium dichromate is commonly used in sodium chlorate production to maintain high current efficiency; however, it is also
a well documented carcinogen. To reduce the environmental impact, identification of a suitable alternative with similar buffering
characteristics to dichromate and without adverse effect on the electrolytic performance of sodium chlorate production is
important; sodium molybdate is a good candidate. Molybdate ion and its conjugated acid work as a buffer pair at pH 5–6, a
lower and slightly narrower pH window than the typical buffer region of dichromate. Nonetheless, the molybdate buffer works
effectively during the electrolytic process by maintaining pH at 5.9. Although the use of molybdate buffer will lower the
overpotential of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by 100 mV, the average off-gas oxygen content is noticeably compromised
at 3.6–4.6%, measured using a pilot cell operated at 3 kA m−2and 80 °C during a 3-day trial. The resulting current efficiency of 91 92% is significantly lower than when dichromate is
employed as the process additive (> 96%). Mixtures of different dichromate and molybdate ratio were also investigated in terms
of the resulting cathode surface potential. 相似文献