Röntgenbeugungsuntersuchungen zur Restaustenitumwandlung

Röntgenbeugungsuntersuchungen zur Ermittlung des Restaustenitgehaltes in martensitischem Gußeisen in Abhängigkeit von der Anlaßdauer bei 400 und 500 °C. Zusammenhang zwischen der Änderung der Halbwertsbreite der (220)-Beugungslinie des Restaustenits und dessen Umwandlungsgeschwindigkeit. Ansatz zur Erklärung dieses Zusammenhanges.     

Prediction of cyclosporine dosage in patients after kidney transplantation using neural networks

This paper proposes the use of neural networks for individualizing the dosage of cyclosporine A (CyA) in patients who have undergone kidney transplantation. Since the dosing of CyA usually requires intensive therapeutic drug monitoring, the accurate prediction of CyA blood concentrations would decrease the monitoring frequency and, thus, improve clinical outcomes. Thirty-two patients and different factors were studied to obtain the models. Three kinds of networks (multilayer perceptron, finite impulse response (FIR) network, and Elman recurrent network) and the formation of neural-network ensembles are used in a scheme of two chained models where the blood concentration predicted by the first model constitutes an input to the dosage prediction model. This approach is designed to aid in the process of clinical decision making. The FIR network, yielding root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of 52.80 ng/mL and mean errors (MEs) of 0.18 ng/mL in validation (10 patients) showed the best blood concentration predictions and a committee of trained networks improved the results (RMSE = 46.97 ng/mL, ME = 0.091 ng/mL). The Elman network was the selected model for dosage prediction (RMSE = 0.27 mg/Kg/d, ME = 0.07 mg/Kg/d). However, in both cases, no statistical differences on the accuracy of neural methods were found. The models' robustness is also analyzed by evaluating their performance when noise is introduced at input nodes, and it results in a helpful test for models' selection. We conclude that neural networks can be used to predict both dose and blood concentrations of cyclosporine in steady-state. This novel approach has produced accurate and validated models to be used as decision-aid tools.     

KINETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A BATCH ADSORBER OR AN ION EXCHANGE DEVICE OPERATED UNDER NONISOTHERMAL CONDITIONS

A model was formulated for a batch adsorber or ion exchange device with heat generation inside the bulk liquid due to mixing or electrical heating and due to heat of adsorption. Internal and external particle mass and heat transfer gradients and heat transfer through the vessel wall were included. The effective diffusion coefficient was taken to be temperature dependent. Numerical calculations (by orthogonal collocation) give conditions for the existence of intra particle nonisothermity and show the effect of mixing and process temperature on adsorption kinetics.     

A Configurable Architecture for the Wavelet Packet Transform

The standard Wavelet Transform (WT) has a wide range of applications, from signal analysis to image or video compression and communications. Most of these applications would be benefited if the transform provided good spectral and temporal resolution in arbitrary regions of the time-frequency plane. This flexible choice of the time-frequency tiling is provided by the Wavelet Packet Transform (WPT). Though many VLSI architectures have been proposed for the WT in the literature, it is not the case for the WPT. We present both word-serial and word-parallel real-time pipelined architectures capable of computing a complete WPT binary tree, but which are easily configurable to compute any required WPT subtree.     

Magnetic resonance in Hallevorden-Spatz disease

The Hallevorden-Spatz disease should be suspected in children or young people with motor, pyramidal or extrapyramidal symptomatology and deterioration of superior functions specially upon the existence of family history. Pathognomonic diagnosis may only be obtained by necropsy but magnetic resonance images, although not pathognomic, are sufficiently characteristics to strongly support the diagnosis. Four cases of Hallevorden-Spatz disease are presented with special emphasis on the MR images characteristic of this disease.     

振兴我国天然气工业研究报告之一——振兴天然气工业必须走社会主义商品经济的道路

我国天然气工业的发展与国民经济的需要不相适应,虽然可以提出许多原因,而根本原因是没有真正承认天然气工业也是社会主义商品经济的一个产业部门,没有给予天然气企业以真正的商品生产者、经营者的地位。振兴天然气工业,必须走商品经济的道路。     

Clinical study of incidentally diagnosed renal adenocarcinoma

OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of incidentally detected renal cell carcinoma and compare primary tumor size, clinical stage (TNM) and survival versus renal cell carcinoma with clinical manifestations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 140 patients diagnosed as having renal cell carcinoma from 1986 to 1994 were retrospectively studied. Of these, 121 had undergone surgery. The statistical analyses were done using the ANOVA test and the Yates-adjusted chi 2 test for a significance value of p < 0.05. RESULTS/CONCLUSIONS: Incidentally detected renal cell carcinoma accounted for 40.7% of the cases. No differences were observed between both groups for age (p = 0.5), sex (p = 0.6), compromised side (p = 0.9), lymph node invasion (p = 0.1), distant metastasis (p = 0.01), multiple unsuspected tumors (p = 0.4) or survival (p = 0.8). The incidentally detected tumors, however, were smaller (p = 0.0002) and more frequently localized to the kidney (p = 0.0003).     

Efficient Content-Based Image Retrieval through Metric Histograms

This paper presents a new and efficient method for content-based image retrieval employing the color distribution of images. This new method, called metric histogram, takes advantage of the correlation among adjacent bins of histograms, reducing the dimensionality of the feature vectors extracted from images, leading to faster and more flexible indexing and retrieval processes. The proposed technique works on each image independently from the others in the dataset, therefore there is no pre-defined number of color regions in the resulting histogram. Thus, it is not possible to use traditional comparison algorithms such as Euclidean or Manhattan distances. To allow the comparison of images through the new feature vectors given by metric histograms, a new metric distance function MHD( ) is also proposed. This paper shows the improvements in timing and retrieval discrimination obtained using metric histograms over traditional ones, even when using images with different spatial resolution or thumbnails. The experimental evaluation of the new method, for answering similarity queries over two representative image databases, shows that the metric histograms surpass the retrieval ability of traditional histograms because they are invariant on geometrical and brightness image transformations, and answer the queries up to 10 times faster than the traditional ones.