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排序方式: 共有762条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Olga Becconi Emma Ahlstrand Andrea Salis Ran Friedman 《Israel journal of chemistry》2017,57(5):403-412
Specific interactions that depend on the nature of electrolytes are observed when proteins and other molecules are studied by potentiometric, spectroscopic and theoretical methods at high salt concentrations. More recently, it became clear that such interactions may also be observed in solutions that can be described by the Debye-Hückel theory, i.e., at physiological (0.1 mol dm−3) and lower concentrations. We carried out molecular dynamics simulations of bovine serum albumin in physiological solutions at T=300 and 350 K. Analysis of the simulations revealed some differences between LiCl solutions and those of NaCl and KCl. The binding of Li+ ions to the protein was associated with a negative free energy of interaction whereas much fewer Na+ and K+ ions were associated with the protein surface. Interestingly, unlike other proteins BSA does not show a preference to Na+ over K+. Quantum chemical calculations identified a significant contribution from polarisation to the hydration of Li+ and (to a lesser degree) Na+, which may indicate that polarisable force-fields will provide more accurate results for such systems. 相似文献
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AFPA culture medium, which is used for recognition of Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, has been validated in a collaborative study including nine laboratories located in Australia, Brazil, Denmark, The Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom. Three freeze-dried fungal mixtures, containing A. flavus/A. parasiticus and background fungi, were produced and checked for homogeneity. The coefficients of variance were low, ranging from 0.81% to 1.09% for total fungal counts and between 2.50% and 2.72% for counts of A. flavus/A. parasiticus. The laboratories analysed the contents of two vials of each mixture on commercial A. flavus and A. parasiticus agar (AFPA), in-house-made AFPA, and on a standard media, dichloran 18% glycerol agar (DG18). Reproducibility values for counts of A. flavus/A. parasiticus indicated no differences between the commercial AFPA and the in-house-made AFPA. Variation between laboratories was low, indicating that the medium was effective in use. Reproducibility values for DG18 were higher. There were no differences in counts of A. flavus/A. parasiticus on AFPA and DG18. However, DG18 gave slightly higher total fungal counts compared to AFPA. 相似文献
84.
85.
Search for novel circulating cancer chemopreventive biomarkers of dietary rice bran intervention in ApcMin mice model of colorectal carcinogenesis,using proteomic and metabolic profiling strategies 下载免费PDF全文
86.
This study aimed to explore Lake Turkana's ecological reliance on hydrology and to determine the hydrological changes and consequences arising from the major hydropower and irrigation developments in the lake's basin. The major developments on Ethiopia's Omo River are especially significant as this river provides over 80% of the lake's annual freshwater influx and associated nutrients. The cascade of hydropower dams permanently dampens the natural hydrological cycles and lake level variability. The driving force of the flood influx to the lake is curtailed and the pattern of lake currents will adjust. Ultimately 80% of the river inflow to the lake will be regulated. Large volumes of water are required to initially fill the hydropower dam reservoirs. During 2015–16 when the huge Gibe III reservoir was filled, Lake Turkana's water level declined 2?m.The study has shown that large-scale irrigation schemes in the Lower Omo can potentially abstract 50% of the Omo River water, and that this would cause the lake level to shrink permanently to the detriment of the lake ecology. Possible lake level drops of over 15?m are demonstrated. The basin's natural capital is being replaced by large-scale plantation developments. The hydrological changes are drastic and the ecological consequences on Lake Turkana have not been fully understood. Without serious mitigation measures, Lake Turkana is a potential African Aral Sea disaster in the making, emulating what has happened to other great lakes such as Lake Chad. 相似文献
87.
Rachael Jaenke Federica Barzi Emma McMahon Jacqui Webster Julie Brimblecombe 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》2017,57(16):3357-3372
Food product reformulation is promoted as an effective strategy to reduce population salt intake and address the associated burden of chronic disease. Salt has a number of functions in food processing, including impacting upon physical and sensory properties. Manufacturers must ensure that reformulation of foods to reduce salt does not compromise consumer acceptability.The aim of this systematic review is to determine to what extent foods can be reduced in salt without detrimental effect on consumer acceptability.Fifty studies reported on salt reduction, replacement or compensation in processed meats, breads, cheeses, soups, and miscellaneous products. For each product category, levels of salt reduction were collapsed into four groups: <40%, 40–59%, 60–79% and ≥80%. Random effects meta-analyses conducted on salt-reduced products showed that salt could be reduced by approximately 40% in breads [mean change in acceptability for reduction <40% (?0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) ?0.62, 0.08; p = 0.13)] and approximately 70% in processed meats [mean change in acceptability for reductions 60–69% (?0.18, 95% CI ?0.44, 0.07; p = 0.15)] without significantly impacting consumer acceptability. Results varied for other products.These results will support manufacturers to make greater reductions in salt when reformulating food products, which in turn will contribute to a healthier food supply. 相似文献
88.
Eva Pellicer Moisés Cabo Emma Rossinyol Pau Solsona Santiago Suriñach Maria Dolors Baró Jordi Sort 《Advanced functional materials》2013,23(7):900-911
Transition metal (Co, Fe, Mn)‐doped In2O3?y mesoporous oxides are synthesized by nanocasting using mesoporous silica as hard templates. 3D ordered mesoporous replicas are obtained after silica removal in the case of the In‐Co and In‐Fe oxide powders. During the conversion of metal nitrates into the target mixed oxides, Co, Fe, and Mn ions enter the lattice of the In2O3 bixbyite phase via isovalent or heterovalent cation substitution, leading to a reduction in the cell parameter. In turn, non‐negligible amounts of oxygen vacancies are also present, as evidenced from Rietveld refinements of the X‐ray diffraction patterns. In addition to (In1?xTMx)2O3?y, minor amounts of Co3O4, α‐Fe2O3, and MnxOy phases are also detected, which originate from the remaining TM cations not forming part of the bixbyite lattice. The resulting TM‐doped In2O3?y mesoporous materials show a ferromagnetic response at room temperature, superimposed on a paramagnetic background. Conversely, undoped In2O3?y exhibits a mixed diamagnetic‐ferromagnetic behavior with much smaller magnetization. The influence of the oxygen vacancies and the doping elements on the magnetic properties of these materials is discussed. Due to their 3D mesostructural geometrical arrangement and their room‐temperature ferromagnetic behavior, mesoporous oxide‐diluted magnetic semiconductors may become smart materials for the implementation of advanced components in spintronic nanodevices. 相似文献
89.
90.
Belén Díaz Emma Härkönen Jolanta ?wiatowska Vincent Maurice Antoine Seyeux Philippe Marcus Mikko Ritala 《Corrosion Science》2011,(6):2168-2175
ToF-SIMS, XPS, voltammetry and EIS investigation of the anti-corrosion properties of thin (10, 50 and 100 nm) alumina coatings grown by atomic layer deposition at 160 °C on steel is reported. Surface analysis shows a thickness-independent Al2O3 stoichiometry of the coating and trace contamination by the growth precursors. The buried coating/alloy interface has iron oxide formed in ambient air and/or resulting from the growth of spurious traces in the initial stages of deposition. Electrochemical analysis yields an exponential decay of the coating porosity over four orders of magnitude with increasing thickness, achieved by sealing of the more defective first deposited 10 nm. 相似文献