Die Beurteilung des Wassergehaltes von Fleisch- und Wurstwaren

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Numerical Study on Magnetic Transitions in Double-Layer Spin Lattice Using Anisotropic Heisenberg Model

Monte Carlo simulations have been used to study the magnetic properties of double-layer thin film in Anisotropic Heisenberg Model with different anisotropy and direct exchange parameters, applying Metropolis algorithm. We investigate the antiferromagnetic ordering of the basal layer spins’ influence on the magnetic behavior of the superior layer. The magnetization, out-of-plane and in-plane magnetic susceptibilities, staggered magnetization and also the specific heat behaviors according to temperature are investigated in order to find out the potential magnetic ordered phases and the critical temperatures, for different parameter settings. Taking into account the balance between direct exchange and anisotropy interaction parameters we detect five different magnetic ordering states. These are: ferromagnetism, short-range ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, in-plane ordering and paramagnetism, which are characterized by specific properties; and we point also out some different magnetic phase transitions that can appear in the system.      

Physical and chemical effects on the dynamics of the β-relaxation of PMMA in Rhodamine 6G+PMMA+SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> matrices

The Thermally Stimulated Depolarization (TSD) Current technique has been used to reveal confinement effects on the β-relaxation process of PMMA polymerized in-situ SiO₂ in the presence of the laser dye Rhodamine 6G/Cl^– (Rh6G). The TSD current band of the β process, associated with the rotational relaxation of the mobile carboxymethyl side groups of PMMA, presents a drastic low temperature shift with the introduction of Rh6G or the confinement of PMMA in the nanometric silica substrate. By using the fractional polarization technique we have decomposed this band into single current signals. Irrespective of the initiator type used in the polymerization process, the broad activation energy distribution associated with the β process is nearly identical in the Rh6G+PMMA+SiO₂ materials and bulk PMMA. The increase of the dye concentration enlarges the band shift, without any significant modification in the TSD current spectrum (i.e. distinct bands from the polar chromophore). The changes in the molecular dynamics of the polar carboxymethyl side groups of PMMA are discussed in terms of the hydrogen-bond interactions between the silicic acid pore surface and the basic side-groups of PMMA and the decrease of the polymer chain entanglements due to pore directed propagation of polymerization. The relative importance of the various types of interactions between the two chemically identifiable phases in the presence of the dye is discussed. Electronic Publication     

Beurteilung des Bruchverhaltens einsatzgehärteter Stähle durch Kenngrößen der Bruchmechanik

Bestimmung der bruchmechanischen Eigenschaften einsatzgehärteter Stähle sowie von Modellstählen unterschiedlichen Kohlenstoffgehaltes entsprechend der einsatzgehärteten Randzonen. Deutung der Einflüsse der Wärmebehandlung, der Temperatur und der Dehngeschwindigkeit auf die Rißzähigkeit und das Rißfortschrittsverhalten.     

Einfluß der thermischen Behandlung beim Schweißen auf das Auflösungs- und Ausscheidungsverhalten von Mikrolegierungselementen in der WEZ von Feinkornbaustählen

Elektronenoptische Untersuchung. Auflösungs- und Ausscheidungsverhalten bei schweißsimulierender Wärmebehandlung in Abhängigkeit von der Lagenzahl und Abkühlzeit t_8/5. Statistische Erfassung von Größe, Zahl und Verteilung der ausgeschiedenen Teilchen.     

Simulation der Warmumformung mikrolegierter Feinkornbaustähle im Mehrstufen-Zugversuch

Simulation einer thermomechanischen Behandlung an vier mit Niob, Vanadin und Stickstoff unterschiedlich mikrolegierten Feinkornbaustählen des Grundtyps St52-3 im gestuften Zugversuch mittels der ?Gleeble“-Warmzugapparatur. Bestimmung des statischen Entfestigungsverhaltens in Abhängigkeit von Austenitisierungstemperatur, Umform- und Walzendtemperatur. Vergleich der Ergebnisse mit in Versuchswalzungen erzielten Eigenschaften.     

Einfluß der Sulfidausbildung nach einer schweißsimulierenden Wärmebehandlung auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften eines Baustahles

Schweißsimulierende Wärmebehandlung mit und ohne Schrumpfungsbehinderung zur Erzeugung unterschiedlicher Sulfidausbildungsformen. Einfluß der Sulfidausbildung auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Stahles St 52-3. Ausbildung der Sulfide auf den Bruchflächen der Zug-, Kerbschlagbiege- und Dauerschwingproben.     

Anwendungen einer Näherungslösung für die Grundwasserströmung bei Restwasserhaltung

Application of an approximate solution for groundwater flow at a residual water drainage system If excavations go below the groundwater table, a proven option is to embed the pit wall in a less permeable soil stratum and to operate a residual water drainage system. As an underflow of the pit walls occurs in these constructions the flow field has to be determined for various calculations and stability verifications. For instance, hydraulic gradients, discharge velocities as well as potential heads and pore‐water pressures have to be calculated. These values are necessary to determine the earth and water pressure distribution. They can also be used for the verification of hydraulic failure, internal erosion and failure of the earth support, as well as for the calculation of groundwater influx. By defining the hydraulic problem as a parameterized boundary value problem and using the Finite Element Method (FEM) an analytical approximate solution was formulated. This solution is valid for both plane and axisymmetric state with isotropic and anisotropic subsoil. It is used for the calculation of the hydraulic head distribution on the level of the wall toe and along the inner surface of the wall. These approximate solutions are evaluated for the verification against hydraulic heave and for the calculation of the maximum gradient at the change of layer in area of the excavation pit and the determination of the required embedment depth.     

Functional Composite Zinc Electrodeposition

The paper presents research into composite deposition with a electrolytic zinc matrix and inert particles.

This type of plating was studied in order to obtain superior functional performances over traditional zinc electrodepositions, such as higher hardness, wear and friction resistance and better corrosion resistance.

The study comprised: establishment of electrolyte composition; disperse phase behaviour on grain structure; effect of current density and electrolyte dynamic regime on co-deposition; plating characteristics.