Phase Equilibria in the Systems Rare-Earth Sesquioxide-Beryllium Oxide

Phase equilibria in systems comprised of a rare-earth or yttrium sesquioxide and beryllia were studied. Two types of beryllates, stable and metastable, with molecular ratios of 1:2 and 3:2, were found: their formation and stability are discussed in terms of crystal chemistry.     

A DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM FOR RAPID KINETIC EXPERIMENTS

A data acquisition system has been developed to collect, analyze and store large volumes of rapid kinetic data measured from a stopped-flow spectrophotometer. A digital minicomputer, with an A/D converter, tape drive unit and formatter, analog recorder, oscilloscope, and input/output terminal interfaced to the stopped-flow spectrophotometer provides the complete system. Timing for actual data collection is generated through internal computer software with inclusion of A/D conversion time. After a simple initialization from the computer console, software programming provides complete interaction between a user and the terminal. The user is directed through the initialization by a series of decision steps. The first step is to choose a data file, either existing or new. Once the desired file is selected, several options including data collection, analysis, storage, and printing are selectable.

Ozone decomposition and the rapid reaction between ozone and cyclohexene in neutral solutions were studied using the data acquisition system. At 25°C, the ozonation reaction was found to have a second order rate constant of 2.19 × 10⁶ l/mole-sec (less than 10^?3 sec. half life).     

POTENTIAL USES OF MECHANICALLY DEBONED BULLFROG (RANA CATESBEIANA) MEAT TO PARTIALLY REPLACE LEAN PORK TO PRODUCE EMULSIFIED MEATBALLS

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the qualities of emulsified meatballs where part of the lean pork was substituted with mechanically deboned bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) meat (MDBM) during manufacturing and subsequently stored at 4C. Meatballs were manufactured by adding 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 or 30% MDBM. The meatballs had higher moisture, lower protein and fat contents, darker color, lower water‐holding capacity, higher cooking loss and softer texture as the MDBM usage level increased. The thiobarbituric acid and volatile basic nitrogen values of the products significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and the shear values, springiness and fracturability decreased as the MDBM usage level increased (P < 0.05). The products containing 7.5% MDBM had higher acceptable sensory characteristics than those samples containing more MDBM. In conclusion, emulsified meatballs that had 7.5% mechanically deboned bullfrog meat, substituted with equal quantities of the lean pork, were acceptable based on their physicochemical and sensory qualities.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

Many animal by‐products which are produced during processing are edible and valuable. How to utilize these by‐products has become a great issue for the industry. In this study, high‐quality proteins which were obtained from mechanically deboned bullfrog meat (MDBM) resulted in emulsified meatballs with acceptable qualities. More specifically, this information could make MDBM a possible material to substitute for part of the added lean meat in many emulsion‐type meat products and increase products marketability because of lower raw ingredients' cost. This finding may be useful for both marine and domestic animal industries to make better use of this by‐product. Lastly, this information can be used to enhance the potential reduction of animal wastes, which might pollute the environment.

     

认知Ad Hoc网络多小区资源分配方案

在授权多小区频谱资源复用场景下,基于分级信道接入模型提出了一种认知Ad Hoc网络资源分配方案．授权小区将频谱资源进行区间复用,认知系统根据区域复用的不同划分可用频段,并在不同频段采取不同的接入方式;联合考虑链路传输需求及授权用户干扰保障设计传输效益因子,根据传输效益因子分配可用信道,运用拉格朗日对偶理论实现功率分配,并基于令牌环结构实现Ad Hoc链路局部信息交互．仿真表明,所提算法相对非复用认知场景系统容量可在相同指标下提升2%．     

AF-MIMO系统机会中继选择算法

在没有直传链路的AF-MIMO协作通信系统中,针对节点发送功率和转发功率未知情况下的最佳中继选择问题,提出了一种机会中继选择算法。该算法通过理论分析和数学推导,分别研究了协作中继数目和系统各部分的功率分配对信道容量的影响,并依据瞬时信道信息推导出简易判别式,利用最大-最小化准则选择出最佳中继,在没有增大算法复杂度的同时提升了系统信道容量。仿真结果表明,该算法选择出的最佳中继在信道容量性能方面较已有算法有一定提高,验证了所提选择算法的有效性。