Ionic Liquid Analogs of AlCl3 with Urea Derivatives as Electrolytes for Aluminum Batteries

The ionic liquid analog, formed through the mixture of urea and AlCl₃, has previously shown to serve as a low‐cost electrolyte for an aluminum‐graphite battery, while maintaining good performance and achieving high Coulombic efficiency. Undesirable are the relatively high viscosity and low conductivity of this electrolyte, when compared to chloroaluminate ionic liquids with organic cations. In this work, the fundamental changes to the electrolyte resulting from using derivatives of urea (N‐methyl urea and N‐ethyl urea), again mixed with AlCl₃, are examined. These electrolytes are shown to have significantly lower viscosities (η = 45, 67, and 133 cP when using N‐ethyl urea, N‐methyl urea, and urea, respectively, at 25 °C). The associated batteries exhibit higher intrinsic discharge voltages (2.04 and 2.08 V for N‐methyl urea and N‐ethyl urea electrolytes, respectively, vs 1.95 V for urea system@100 mA g^?1 specific current for ≈5 mg cm^?2 loading), due to changes in concentrations of ionic species. Aluminum deposition is directly observed to primarily occur through reduction of Al₂Cl₇^? when AlCl₃ is present in excess, in contrast to previously suggested cationic Al‐containing species, via operando Raman spectroscopy performed during cyclic voltammetry.     

Direct Writing Micropatterns with a Resolution up to 1 µm

Solution processes have been widely used to fabricate micropatterned surfaces for its mild operation conditions. However, current approaches suffer from limitations of either low resolution or high cost. Here, a facile approach is proposed for direct writing micropatterns with a resolution up to ≈ 1 µm using a unit of triple conical fibers with the side‐by‐side parallel arrangement. With this unit, the resolution of the micropatterns can be mainly controlled by the single central conical fiber, with one side of the fiber facilitating continuous and steady liquid transfer onto the substrate and the other side mechanically supporting the whole unit. Particularly, the unit enables tunable dimension of the micropatterns within a rather large scale from ≈ 1 µm to ≈ 1.3 mm by varying the writing parameters (speed, height, and angle). Moreover, the unit is applicable for direct patterning various liquids, even into microline arrays, with a high resolution. It enables direct writing conductive microline with a width of ≈ 1 µm in a centimeter length scale, which can be used for constructing microcircuits. It is envisioned that the result offers a new perspective for preparing high‐resolution micropatterns using solution processes.     

Delamination‐Free Functional Graphene Surface by Multiscale,Conformal Wrinkling

Obtaining a delamination‐free wrinkled functional graphene surface in layered systems is an interesting challenge because the interface is usually too weak to withstand interfacial stress mismatch, which can trigger mechanical instability. In this paper, a general strategy is proposed toward addressing the delamination limitation imposed by fabricating conformal graphene wrinkles with bilayer systems of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). To improve the interfacial strength, a postcuring transfer process is introduced to form a gradient interface layer without interfacial liquid between the PMMA and PDMS by entanglement of polymer chains during high‐temperature curing. Compared to the conventional wet transfer of graphene,the transfer method can greatly enhance the interfacial strength. The chemical and mechanical mechanisms underlying the enhancement are revealed both experimentally and theoretically in terms of the transition from the buckled‐induced delamination state to the delamination‐free wrinkled state. Moreover, the light diffraction behaviors of multiscale graphene wrinkles are initially demonstrated to be an interesting continuous pattern induced by overlapping. The delamination‐free conformal wrinkled functional graphene surface can provide valuable insight and design guidelines for the fundamental problems of deformed graphene and its applications in flexible functional devices.     

MATLAB在电力系统三相短路故障分析中的应用

该文借助MATLAB功能搭建了电力系统模型并仿真了其三相短路故障,通过该软件对故障发生后所得数据波形的分析,从而说明了MATLAB在电力系统研究方面是一个有力的辅助工具,掌握其使用方法对电力系统研究具有重要的实际意义。     

短视频发展因素的分析及前景预测

移动时代下,短视频以其简单性、创意性的特点迅速成为新的媒体形式。自2017年以来,短视频的热度持续发酵,新兴技术5G的加速落地推动短视频行业进入了下一个快速发展阶段。基于可靠的数据信息和缜密的统计分析方法,利用Lar、Lasso、Stepwise等方法进行变量选择,建立Logistic模型、Probit模型等数学模型,并应用具体直观、有说服力的数学模型进行分析与预测,最终基于模型分析及预测结果,给出了短视频开发者在未来发展中应注意的事项以及相关的发展建议。     

Linear Size Optimal $q$-ary Constant-Weight Codes and Constant-Composition Codes

An optimal constant-composition or constant-weight code of weight w has linear size if and only if its distance d is at least 2w-1. When d ? 2w, the determination of the exact size of such a constant-composition or constant-weight code is trivial, but the case of d=2w-1 has been solved previously only for binary and ternary constant-composition and constant-weight codes, and for some sporadic instances. This paper provides a construction for quasicyclic optimal constant-composition and constant-weight codes of weight w and distance 2w-1 based on a new generalization of difference triangle sets. As a result, the sizes of optimal constant-composition codes and optimal constant-weight codes of weight w and distance 2w-1 are determined for all such codes of sufficiently large lengths. This solves an open problem of Etzion. The sizes of optimal constant-composition codes of weight w and distance 2w-1 are also determined for all w ? 6, except in two cases.     

烟草物料无线监控系统

针对目前国内烟厂的自动化升级和改造,提出了一种低功耗单片机和短距离无线通讯芯片构成的烟草物料无线监控系统,该系统采用工业用无线通信频段,应答握手通信协议进行无线数据传输,可对现场的条码数据进行连续采集并将采集数据通过USB或串行通信口传递至上位工业控制计算机进行处理和控制,从而可以保证烟厂整个生产过程中物料使用的准确无误,该方案对完善烟厂自动化生产和管理起了非常重要的作用。     

利用单个脉冲信号提取多普勒信息研究

雷达处于脉冲工作方式时,多普勒频率的提取需要采用多个脉冲回波才能实现.为了利用一个脉冲提取出多普勒信息,本文提出了一种利用3个采样点计算多普勒频率的方法.对于多个采样点的频率测量,采用了最小二乘法来保证整体测量结果最优,文中对该方法的实现过程进行了详细介绍.该方法对噪声非常敏感,为了滤除噪声起伏带来的影响,利用小波变换对实际情况中可能出现的包络畸变进行非奇异处理.仿真实验对该方法进行了验证,结果表明该方法可行、有效.     

LTE系统中截尾卷积码译码算法研究及仿真性能分析

在LTE的下行控制信道和广播信道中采用了截尾卷积编码方式,本文介绍了LTE系统中采用的卷积编码器以及广播信道架构,详细分析了截尾卷积码的两种常用译码算法,文章提出了一种改进循环译码算法,在基于LTE-PBCH信道链路中对各种译码算法进行仿真,仿真测试结果表明,截尾卷积码可满足LTE信道对高速率业务的要求,双回溯循环译码算法的译码性能最佳。     

Stable Zinc Metal Anodes with Textured Crystal Faces and Functional Zinc Compound Coatings

The uneven electrodeposition and inferior corrosion resistance are the fundamental obstacles to achieve stable Zn metal anodes. The features of the electrode surface/interface are closely correlated with the properties. Herein, the Zn surface with more exposed (002)_Zn planes is modified through a simple acid-etching approach. The in situ generated zinc compounds form an interface layer with strong adhesion to the Zn electrode, which can enhance the Zn²⁺ ion kinetics and regulate the deposition/dissolution behaviors. A variety of acids with functional cations are selected, among which the phosphoric acid etches the Zn with a higher extent of texturing and generates a more compact layer. The obtained zinc phosphate@Zn electrode enables stable cycling and fast kinetics in symmetrical and full Zn metal batteries. This study provides a new example of combined surface and interface modification toward high-performance aqueous zinc metal anodes.