Inclusion of Methoxybutropate in β-and Hydroxypropyl β-Cyclodextrins: Comparison of Preparation Methods

Interactions between methoxybutropate and β-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin and the possibility of obtaining inclusion complexes have been evaluated by phase solubility diagram, HPLC, DSC, and x-ray diffractometry. Solid inclusion complexes were prepared by spray drying, kneading, and solid dispersion. The dissolution profiles of the obtained powders were studied in order to define the most appropriate cyclodextrin preparation method and molar ratio to use in the production of methoxybutropate inclusion complexes     

In Situ Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR/FT-IR) Tribometry: A Powerful Tool for Investigating Tribochemistry at the Lubricant–Substrate Interface

To investigate the chemical changes occurring at metal/lubricant interfaces under tribological conditions in the boundary-lubrication regime, an in situ system for conducting quantitative tribological measurements has been constructed by combining an attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared (ATR/FT-IR) spectrometer with a reciprocating tribometer. By periodically acquiring ATR/FT-IR spectra during sliding, spectroscopic changes due to thermal and/or tribochemical reactions occurring at the metal/oil interface can be monitored and correlated with friction measurements. The usefulness of this tribological test system has been demonstrated by performing ATR tribological experiments in the presence of a poly-α-olefin base oil at high temperature (423 K) on iron-coated germanium ATR crystals.     

Mobile and Personal Communications in the 60 GHz Band: A Survey

This paper intends to present a summary of the technical issues arising in the exploitation of the 60 GHz mm-wave band for mobile and personal communications. The most significant applications proposed so far are surveyed, with particular emphasis placed on recent experimentation about millimeter-wave propagation for road/railway transportation as well as indoor scenarios. As a case study, the capacity of a (micro-)cellular Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) network in the 60-GHz band is also evaluated in detail.     

Heart rate responses to social interactions in free-moving rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): A pilot study.

Heart rate telemetry was explored as a means to access animal emotion during social interactions under naturalistic conditions. Heart rates of 2 middle-ranking adult females living in a large group of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were recorded along with their behavior. Heart rate changes during 2 types of interactions were investigated, while controlling for the effects of posture and activity. The risk of aggression associated with the approach of a dominant individual was expected to provoke anxiety in the approachee. This prediction was supported by the heart rate increase after such an approach. No increase was found when the approacher was a kin or a subordinate individual. The tension-reduction function of allogrooming was also supported. Heart rate decelerated faster during the receipt of grooming than in matched control periods. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Preparation of nano-size ZrB2 powder by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

Preparation of nano-size ZrB₂ powder by SHS has been investigated. Zr and B elemental powders were mixed with 10–50 wt.% NaCl, and prepared pellets were reacted under argon. Adiabatic temperatures were calculated by HSC software. Increasing NaCl content led to a continuous decrease in adiabatic temperatures and reaction wave velocity. Products were subjected to XRD, SEM and FESEM analyses. Average crystallite size of ZrB₂, which was 303 nm without NaCl, decreased to 32 nm with 40% NaCl addition. Distinct decrease in ZrB₂ particle size was also observed from SEM analyses. 30% NaCl addition was found to be optimum for ensuring a stable SHS reaction and providing the formation of nano-size ZrB₂ particles. It was revealed from particle size distribution measurements that ZrB₂ powder obtained by 30 wt.% NaCl addition contained particles mostly finer than 200 nm. A mechanism, similar to solution-precipitation was proposed for the particle size refining effect of NaCl.     

Die Chlorverluste beim Veraschen von kochsalzhaltigen Nahrungsmitteln, eine Reaktion zwischen Chlornatrium und Kohlenstoff

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Transient measurement of phononic states with covariance-based stochastic spectroscopy

We present a novel approach to transient Raman spectroscopy, which combines stochastic probe pulses and a covariance-based detection to measure stimulated Raman...     

Digital Footprinting: Uncovering Tourists with User-Generated Content

Novel methods and tools are being developed to explore the significance of the new types of user-related spatiotemporal data. This approach helps uncover the presence and movements of tourists from cell phone network data and the georeferenced photos they generate.     

Thermal conductivity estimation of the organic and inorganic refrigerants in the saturated liquid state

The use of a general correlation, proposed for organic liquid thermal conductivity λ prediction and checked in the case of organic refrigerant fluids, is extended to inorganic refrigerant fluids whose λ decreases when the reduced temperature, T_r, increases. Suggestions are given for the refrigerants fluids whose λ increases with the reduced temperature.