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11.
Stefano Cozzini Deepika Vaddi Savita Goel Francesco De Giorgi S. K. Dash 《Journal of Grid Computing》2014,12(2):303-320
In this paper, we present a possible approach to use different Grid infrastructures across Europe and India for regional climate simulations and discuss in details the advantages and limitations in using them. The application taken into consideration is the Regional Climate Model RegCM4, which has been recently re-written for making it more efficient and easier to be fully exploited on any kind of computational infrastructure. We describe here the methods applied to port this package on the Grid infrastructures made available by the EU-IndiaGrid project. We also discuss different approaches, the way to run the model on both European and Indian infrastructures and our promising approach to deal with data management issues. Use of RegCM on Grid infrastructure has further been compared with that on HPC resources. The domain worked upon for these tests is the South-Asia CORDEX domain, which is of great importance for the Indian Summer Monsoon. Our final conclusion is that, for certain class of experiments, RegCM4 model can be efficiently and easily integrated on Grid infrastructures, by means of the procedures described in this paper. 相似文献
12.
Frank Bonnet Yuta Kato José Halloy Francesco Mondada 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2016,21(3):239-246
Robotic fish are nowadays developed for various types of research, such as bio-inspiredrobotics, biomimetics and animal behavior studies. In the context of our research on the social interactions of the zebrafish Danio Rerio, we developed a miniature robotic fish lure for direct underwater interaction with the living fish. This remotely controlled and waterproof device has a total length of 7.5 cm with the same size ratio as zebrafish and is able to beat its tail with different frequencies and amplitudes, while following the group of living animals using a mobile robot moving outside water that is coupled with the robotic lure using magnets. The robotic lure is also equipped with a rechargeable battery and can be used autonomously underwater for experiments of up to 1 h. We performed experiments with the robot moving inside an aquarium with living fish to analyze its impact on the zebrafish behavior. We found that the beating rate of the tail increased the attractiveness of the lure among the zebrafish shoal. We also demonstrated that the lure could influence a collective decision of the zebrafish shoal, the swimming direction, when moving with a constant linear speed inside a circular corridor. This new robotic fish design and the experimental results are promising for the field of fish–robot interaction. 相似文献
13.
Xin Lin Chris M. J. Tampère Francesco Viti Ben Immers 《Networks and Spatial Economics》2016,16(1):349-369
Increasing numbers of hard environmental constraints are being imposed in urban traffic networks by authorities in an attempt to mitigate pollution caused by traffic. However, it is not trivial for authorities to assess the cost of imposing such hard environmental constraints. This leads to difficulties when setting the constraining values as well as implementing effective control measures. For that reason, quantifying the cost of imposing hard environmental constraints for a certain network becomes crucial. This paper first indicates that for a given network, such cost is not only related to the attribution of environmental constraints but also related to the considered control measures. Next, we present an assessment criterion that quantifies the loss of optimality under the control measures considered by introducing the environmental constraints. The criterion can be acquired by solving a bi-level programming problem with/without environmental constraints. A simple case study shows its practicability as well as the differences between this framework and other frameworks integrating the environmental aspects. This proposed framework is widely applicable when assessing the interaction of traffic and its environmental aspects. 相似文献
14.
Rachid El-Azouzi Francesco De Pellegrini Habib B.A. Sidi Vijay Kamble 《Computer Networks》2013,57(4):1003-1018
In this paper, we apply evolutionary games to non-cooperative forwarding control in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). The main focus is on mechanisms to rule the participation of the relays to the delivery of messages in DTNs. Thus, we express the success probability as a function of the competition that takes place within a large population of mobiles, and we characterize the effect of reward-based mechanisms on the performance of such systems. Devices acting as active relays, in fact, sacrifice part of their batteries in order to support message replication and thus increase the probability to reach the destination. In our scheme, a relay can choose the strategy by which they participate to the message relaying. A mobile that participates receives a unit of reward based on the reward mechanism selected by the network. A utility function is introduced as the difference between the expected reward and the energy cost, i.e., the cost spent by the relay to sustain forwarding operations. We show how the evolution dynamics and the equilibrium behavior (called Evolutionary Stable Strategy – ESS) are influenced by the characteristics of inter contact time, energy expenditure and pricing characteristics.We extend our analysis to mechanisms that the system can introduce in order to have the message delivered to the destination with high probability within a given deadline and under energy constraints which bound the number of released copies per message. Finally, we apply our findings in order to devise decentralized forwarding algorithms that are rooted in the theory of stochastic approximations. Thus, we demonstrate that the ESS can be attained without complete knowledge of the system state and letting the source monitor number of released copies per message only. We provide extensive numerical results to validate the proposed scheme. 相似文献
15.
Artificial institutions: a model of institutional reality for open multiagent systems 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nicoletta Fornara Francesco Viganò Mario Verdicchio Marco Colombetti 《Artificial Intelligence and Law》2008,16(1):89-105
Software agents’ ability to interact within different open systems, designed by different groups, presupposes an agreement
on an unambiguous definition of a set of concepts, used to describe the context of the interaction and the communication language
the agents can use. Agents’ interactions ought to allow for reliable expectations on the possible evolution of the system;
however, in open systems interacting agents may not conform to predefined specifications. A possible solution is to define
interaction environments including a normative component, with suitable rules to regulate the behaviour of agents. To tackle
this problem we propose an application-independent metamodel of artificial institutions that can be used to define open multiagent
systems. In our view an artificial institution is made up by an ontology that models the social context of the interaction,
a set of authorizations to act on the institutional context, a set of linguistic conventions for the performance of institutional
actions and a system of norms that are necessary to constrain the agents’ actions. 相似文献
16.
In this paper we present a novel methodology based on non-parametric deformable prototype templates for reconstructing the
outline of a shape from a degraded image. Our method is versatile and fast and has the potential to provide an automatic procedure
for classifying pathologies. We test our approach on synthetic and real data from a variety of medical and biological applications.
In these studies it is important to reconstruct accurately the shape of the object under investigation from very noisy data.
Here we assume that we have some prior knowledge about the object outline represented by a prototype shape. Our procedure
deforms this shape by means of non-affine transformations and the contour is reconstructed by minimizing a newly developed
objective function that depends on the transformation parameters. We introduce an iterative template deformation procedure
in which the scale of the deformation decreases as the algorithm proceeds. We compare our results with those from a Gaussian
Mixture Model segmentation and two state-of-the-art Level Set methods. This comparison shows that the proposed procedure performs
consistently well on both real and simulated data. As a by-product we develop a new filter that recovers the connectivity
of a shape.
Francesco de Pasquale received his Ph.D. in Applied Statistics from the University of Plymouth, United Kingdom in 2004 discussing a thesis on Bayesian and Template based methods for image analysis. Since his degree in Physics obtained at the University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’in 1999 his work has been focused on developing models and methods for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, in particular image registration, classification and segmentation in a Bayesian framework. After being appointed a 2-year contract as a Lecturer at the University of Plymouth from 2003 to 2004 he is now a post-Doc researcher at the ITAB, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University of Chieti, Italy and he works on the analysis of fMRI and MEG data. Julian Stander was born in Plymouth, UK in 1964. He received a BA in Mathematics with first class honours from University of Oxford in 1987, a Diploma in Mathematical Statistics with distinction from University of Cambridge in 1988, and a PhD from University of Bath in 1992. He has been a lecturer at the School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Plymouth, since 1993, and was promoted to Reader in 2006. His fields of interest are: applications of statistics including image analysis, spatial modelling and disclosure limitation. He has published over 20 refereed journal articles. 相似文献
Francesco de PasqualeEmail: |
Francesco de Pasquale received his Ph.D. in Applied Statistics from the University of Plymouth, United Kingdom in 2004 discussing a thesis on Bayesian and Template based methods for image analysis. Since his degree in Physics obtained at the University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’in 1999 his work has been focused on developing models and methods for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, in particular image registration, classification and segmentation in a Bayesian framework. After being appointed a 2-year contract as a Lecturer at the University of Plymouth from 2003 to 2004 he is now a post-Doc researcher at the ITAB, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University of Chieti, Italy and he works on the analysis of fMRI and MEG data. Julian Stander was born in Plymouth, UK in 1964. He received a BA in Mathematics with first class honours from University of Oxford in 1987, a Diploma in Mathematical Statistics with distinction from University of Cambridge in 1988, and a PhD from University of Bath in 1992. He has been a lecturer at the School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Plymouth, since 1993, and was promoted to Reader in 2006. His fields of interest are: applications of statistics including image analysis, spatial modelling and disclosure limitation. He has published over 20 refereed journal articles. 相似文献
17.
Fabien Tâche Wolfgang Fischer Gilles Caprari Roland Siegwart Roland Moser Francesco Mondada 《野外机器人技术杂志》2009,26(5):453-476
This paper describes the Magnebike robot, a compact robot with two magnetic wheels in a motorbike arrangement, which is intended for inspecting the inner casing of ferromagnetic pipes with complex‐shaped structures. The locomotion concept is based on an adapted magnetic wheel unit integrating two lateral lever arms. These arms allow for slight lifting off the wheel in order to locally decrease the magnetic attraction force when passing concave edges, as well as laterally stabilizing the wheel unit. The robot has the main advantage of being compact (180 × 130 × 220 mm) and mechanically simple: it features only five active degrees of freedom (two driven wheels each equipped with an active lifter stabilizer and one steering unit). The paper presents in detail design and implementation issues that are specific to magnetic wheeled robots. Low‐level control functionalities are addressed because they are necessary to control the active system. The paper also focuses on characterizing and analyzing the implemented robot. The high mobility is shown through experimental results: the robot not only can climb vertical walls and follow circumferential paths inside pipe structures but it is also able to pass complex combinations of 90‐deg convex and concave ferromagnetic obstacles with almost any inclination regarding gravity. It requires only limited space to maneuver because turning on the spot around the rear wheel is possible. This high mobility enables the robot to access any location in the specified environment. Finally the paper analyzes the maximum payload for different types of environment complexities because this is a key feature for climbing robots and provides a security factor about the risk of falling and slipping. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
18.
Compagnucci Ivan Corradini Flavio Fornari Fabrizio Polini Andrea Re Barbara Tiezzi Francesco 《Software and Systems Modeling》2023,22(3):969-1004
Software and Systems Modeling - The Internet of things has been adopted in several sectors both influencing how people work and enhancing organizations’ business processes. This resulted in... 相似文献
19.
20.
Enabling energy-efficient and lossy-aware data compression in wireless sensor networks by multi-objective evolutionary optimization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nodes of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are typically powered by batteries with a limited capacity. Thus, energy is a primary constraint in the design and deployment of WSNs. Since radio communication is in general the main cause of power consumption, the different techniques proposed in the literature to improve energy efficiency have mainly focused on limiting transmission/reception of data, for instance, by adopting data compression and/or aggregation. The limited resources available in a sensor node demand, however, the development of specifically designed algorithms. To this aim, we propose an approach to perform lossy compression on single node based on a differential pulse code modulation scheme with quantization of the differences between consecutive samples. Since different combinations of the quantization process parameters determine different trade-offs between compression performance and information loss, we exploit a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm to generate a set of combinations of these parameters corresponding to different optimal trade-offs. The user can therefore choose the combination with the most suitable trade-off for the specific application. We tested our lossy compression approach on three datasets collected by real WSNs. We show that our approach can achieve significant compression ratios despite negligible reconstruction errors. Further, we discuss how our approach outperforms LTC, a lossy compression algorithm purposely designed to be embedded in sensor nodes, in terms of compression rate and complexity. 相似文献