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121.
Carlos A. Jara Francisco A. Candelas Fernando Torres Sebastian Dormido Francisco Esquembre Oscar Reinoso 《Computers & Education》2009
Web-based learning environments are becoming increasingly popular in higher education. One of the most important web-learning resources is the virtual laboratory (VL), which gives students an easy way for training and learning through the Internet. Moreover, on-line collaborative communication represents a practical method to transmit the knowledge and experience from the teacher to students overcoming physical distance and isolation. Considering these facts, the authors of this document have developed a new dynamic collaborative e-learning system which combines the main advantages of virtual laboratories and collaborative learning practices. In this system, the virtual laboratories are based on Java applets which have embedded simulations developed in Easy Java Simulations (EJS), an open-source tool for teachers who do not need complex programming skills. The collaborative e-learning is based on a real-time synchronized communication among these Java applets. Therefore, this original approach provides a new tool which integrates virtual laboratories inside a synchronous collaborative e-learning framework. This paper describes the main features of this system and its successful application in a distance education environment among different universities from Spain. 相似文献
122.
Luis García Esteban Francisco García Fernández Paloma de Palacios 《Computers & Structures》2009,87(21-22):1360-1365
Determining the modulus of elasticity of wood by applying an artificial neural network using the physical properties and non-destructive testing can be a useful method in assessments of the timber structure in old constructions. The modulus of elasticity of Abies pinsapo Boiss. timber was predicted in this study through the parameters of density, width, thickness, moisture content, ultrasonic wave propagation velocity and visual grading of the test pieces. A feedforward multilayer perceptron network was designed for this purpose, achieving 75.0% success in the testing or unknown group. 相似文献
123.
This work presents a general mechanism for executing specifications that comply with given invariants, which may be expressed in different formalisms and logics. We exploit Maude’s reflective capabilities and its properties as a general semantic framework to provide a generic strategy that allows us to execute Maude specifications taking into account user-defined invariants. The strategy is parameterized by the invariants and by the logic in which such invariants are expressed. We experiment with different logics, providing examples for propositional logic, (finite future time) linear temporal logic and metric temporal logic. 相似文献
124.
Most real‐coded genetic algorithm research has focused on developing effective crossover operators, and as a result, many different types of crossover operators have been proposed. Some forms of crossover operators are more suitable to tackle certain problems than others, even at the different stages of the genetic process in the same problem. For this reason, techniques that combine multiple crossovers, called hybrid crossover operators, have been suggested as alternative schemes to the common practice of applying only one crossover model to all the elements in the population. On the other hand, there are operators with multiple offsprings, more than two descendants from two parents, which present a better behavior than the operators with only two descendants, and achieve a good balance between exploration and exploitation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
125.
Benchmarking Image Segmentation Algorithms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present a thorough quantitative evaluation of four image segmentation algorithms on images from the Berkeley Segmentation
Database. The algorithms are evaluated using an efficient algorithm for computing precision and recall with regard to human
ground-truth boundaries. We test each segmentation method over a representative set of input parameters, and present tuning
curves that fully characterize algorithm performance over the complete image database. We complement the evaluation on the
BSD with segmentation results on synthetic images. The results reported here provide a useful benchmark for current and future
research efforts in image segmentation. 相似文献
126.
A physical model describing the I(V) characteristics of planar limiting current oxygen sensors based in an ion-conducting electrolyte is presented. The model focuses on the minimization of the electrochemical potential and the diffusion across a porous layer covering the measuring electrode. The proposed model describes three key phenomena in the response of the sensors: the influence of the polarization resistance on the slope of I(V), the linearity between the limiting current and the diffusivity of the porous layer and a low non-zero current at zero polarization. 相似文献
127.
Joaquín Nicolás Joaquín Lasheras Ambrosio Toval Francisco J. Ortiz Bárbara Álvarez 《Requirements Engineering》2009,14(1):27-46
Teleoperated systems for ship hull maintenance (TOS) are robotic systems for ship maintenance tasks, such as cleaning or painting
a ship’s hull. The product line paradigm has recently been applied to TOS, and a TOS reference architecture has thus been
designed. However, TOS requirements specifications have not been developed in any rigorous way with reuse in mind. We therefore
believe that an opportunity exists to increase the abstraction level at which stakeholders can reason about this product line.
This paper reports an experience in which this TOS domain was analyzed, including the lessons learned in the construction
and use of the TOS domain model. The experience is based on the application of extensions of well-known domain analysis techniques,
together with the use of quality attribute templates traced to a feature model to deal with non-functional issues. A qualitative
research method (action research) was used to carry out the experience. 相似文献
128.
Julián Luengo Salvador García Francisco Herrera 《Expert systems with applications》2009,36(4):7798-7808
In this paper, we focus on the experimental analysis on the performance in artificial neural networks with the use of statistical tests on the classification task. Particularly, we have studied whether the sample of results from multiple trials obtained by conventional artificial neural networks and support vector machines checks the necessary conditions for being analyzed through parametrical tests. The study is conducted by considering three possibilities on classification experiments: random variation in the selection of test data, the selection of training data and internal randomness in the learning algorithm.The results obtained state that the fulfillment of these conditions are problem-dependent and indefinite, which justifies the need of using non-parametric statistics in the experimental analysis. 相似文献
129.
Francisco Gomez‐Donoso Miguel Cazorla Alberto Garcia‐Garcia Jose Garcia‐Rodriguez 《Expert Systems》2016,33(5):480-488
Schaeffer's sign language consists of a reduced set of gestures designed to help children with autism or cognitive learning disabilities to develop adequate communication skills. Our automatic recognition system for Schaeffer's gesture language uses the information provided by an RGB‐D camera to capture body motion and recognize gestures using dynamic time warping combined with k‐nearest neighbors methods. The learning process is reinforced by the interaction with the proposed system that accelerates learning itself thus helping both children and educators. To demonstrate the validity of the system, a set of qualitative experiments with children were carried out. As a result, a system which is able to recognize a subset of 11 gestures of Schaeffer's sign language online was achieved. 相似文献
130.
Educational data mining (EDM) is a research area where the goal is to develop data mining methods to examine data critically from educational environments. Traditionally, EDM has addressed the following problems: clustering, classification, regression, anomaly detection and association rule mining. In this paper, the ordinal regression (OR) paradigm, is introduced in the field of EDM. The goal of OR problems is the classification of items in an ordinal scale. For instance, the prediction of students' performance in categories (where the different grades could be ordered according to A ? B ? C ? D) is a classical example of an OR problem. The EDM community has not yet explored this paradigm (despite the importance of these problems in the field of EDM). Furthermore, an amenable and interpretable OR model based on the concept of gravitation is proposed. The model is an extension of a recently proposed gravitational model that tackles imbalanced nominal classification problems. The model is carefully adapted to the ordinal scenario and validated with four EDM datasets. The results obtained were compared with state‐of‐the‐art OR algorithms and nominal classification ones. The proposed models can be used to better understand the learning–teaching process in higher education environments. 相似文献