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41.
Giulio Simone Matthew J. Dyson Stefan C. J. Meskers Ren A. J. Janssen Gerwin H. Gelinck 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(20)
Organic photodetectors (OPDs) have gained increasing interest as they offer cost‐effective fabrication methods using low temperature processes, making them particularly attractive for large area image detectors on lightweight flexible plastic substrates. Moreover, their photophysical and optoelectronic properties can be tuned both at a material and device level. Visible‐light OPDs are proposed for use in indirect‐conversion X‐ray detectors, fingerprint scanners, and intelligent surfaces for gesture recognition. Near‐infrared OPDs find applications in biomedical imaging and optical communications. For most applications, minimizing the OPD dark current density (Jd) is crucial to improve important figures of merits such as the signal‐to‐noise ratio, the linear dynamic range, and the specific detectivity (D*). Here, a quantitative analysis of the intrinsic dark current processes shows that charge injection from the electrodes is the dominant contribution to Jd in OPDs. Jd reduction is typically addressed by fine‐tuning the active layer energetics and stratification or by using charge blocking layers. Yet, most experimental Jd values are higher than the calculated intrinsic limit. Possible reasons for this deviation are discussed, including extrinsic defects in the photoactive layer and the presence of trap states. This provides the reader with guidelines to improve the OPD performances in view of imaging applications. 相似文献
42.
43.
High resolution photolithography for direct view active matrix organic light‐emitting diode augmented reality displays
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Paweł E. Malinowski Tung‐Huei Ke Atsushi Nakamura Ya‐Han Liu Dieter Vander Velpen Erwin Vandenplas Nikolas Papadopoulos Auke Jisk Kronemeijer Jan‐Laurens van der Steen Soeren Steudel Che‐Cheng Kuo Yen‐Yu Huang Yu‐Hsien Chen Ming‐Hua Yeh Gerwin Gelinck Paul Heremans 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2018,26(3):128-136
High‐resolution RGB organic light‐emitting diode frontplane is a key enabler for direct‐view transparent augmented reality displays. In this paper, we demonstrate 1250 ppi passive displays and semi‐transparent active displays. Organic light‐emitting diode photolithography can provide pixel density above 1000 ppi while keeping effective emission area high because of high aperture ratio. Patterns with 2 μm line pitch were successfully transferred to emission layers, indicating possible further pixel density scaling. Lifetime after patterning, key parameter enabling industrialization, is above 150 h (T90 at 1000 nit). 相似文献
44.
Hylke B. Akkerman Raghu K. Pendyala Pradeep Panditha Ahmed Salem Jie Shen Peter van de Weijer Piet C.P. Bouten Suzanne H.P.M. de Winter Karin van Diesen‐Tempelaars Gerard de Haas Soeren Steudel Ching‐Yu Huang Ming‐Hsiang Lai Yen‐Yu Huang Ming‐Hua Yeh Auke Jisk Kronemeijer Paul Poodt Gerwin H. Gelinck 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2018,26(4):214-222
We present a thin‐film dual‐layer bottom barrier on polyimide that is compatible with 350°C backplane processing for organic light‐emitting diode displays and that can facilitate foldable active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode devices with a bending radius of <2 mm. We demonstrate organic light‐emitting diodes that survive bending over 0.5 mm radius for 10.000× based on the high‐temperature bottom barrier. Furthermore, we show compatibility of the bottom barrier with the backplane process by fabricating active‐matrix organic light‐emitting diode displays on GEN1‐sized substrates. 相似文献
45.
Daniel Tordera Bart Peeters Ezequiel Delvitto Santhosh Shanmugam Joris Maas Joris de Riet Roy Verbeek Robert van de Laar Thijs Bel Gerard Haas Leslye Ugalde Albert van Breemen Ilias Katsouras Auke Jisk Kronemeijer Hylke Akkerman Eric Meulenkamp Gerwin Gelinck 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2020,28(5):381-391
We combine a low dark current and high‐detectivity near‐infrared (NIR)‐sensitive organic photodetector with a high‐resolution 508 pixels per inch (ppi) oxide thin‐film transistor (TFT) backplane to create a large‐area thin NIR detector, using processes that are compatible with flat‐panel display fabrication. The detector is characterized showing high uniformity and linearity. With the use of a NIR light source, the detector is capable of imaging the (pattern of) veins under the skin in reflection, leading to improved biometric authentication. 相似文献
46.
A hybrid hydrolytic hydrogen storage system based on catalyst‐coated hollow glass microspheres
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Gerwin H. S. Schmid Jürgen Bauer Andreas Eder Christoph Eisenmenger‐Sittner 《国际能源研究杂志》2017,41(2):297-314
Hydrogen‐pressurized hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) in combination with a hydride bear the potential of storing hydrogen in feasible amounts. Therefore, the approximately 20‐µm diameter spheres are heated up and pressurized with hydrogen at a pressure of 85 MPa, so hydrogen diffuses into the spheres. After the spheres are cooled down, hydrogen can be stored at room temperature without excessive security measures. To release the stored hydrogen, heat has to be applied again to reach temperatures of about 250 °C (523.15 K). To reach this temperature, it is suggested in this work to use an exothermal chemical reaction, which produces hydrogen as a by‐product. In this case, an NaBH4–water reaction will be discussed, which has to be initialized by a catalyst deployed on the HGMs. It will be shown that hydrogen storage densities of up to 20 wt% and 50 kg/m3 can be theoretically achieved with the proposed hydrogen storage system consisting of hydrogen‐pressurized HGMs and a hydride, that is, NaBH4. Volumetric storage density and other aspects, such as water management, temperature restriction, stoichiometric restriction and hydrogen diffusion through glass, will be discussed. Due to resulting high water vapour pressures, a pressure vessel will still be needed in the concept. This paper shall give an overview of theoretically achievable storage densities with the proposed system. Experiments were carried out regarding catalytic promoted hydrolysis with HGMs, and resulting storage densities were determined. These experiments show good agreement with theory. However, they will be addressed only briefly in the outlook of the paper because a detailed discussion would go beyond the scope of this work. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
47.
Sandra P. van Tongeren Janneke Krooneman Gerwin C. Raangs Gjalt W. Welling Hermie J. M. Harmsen 《Microgravity science and technology》2007,19(2):45-48
Potentially pathogenic microbes and so-called technophiles may form a serious threat in advanced life support systems, such
as the International Space Station (ISS). They not only pose a threat to the health of the crew, but also to the technical
equipment and materials of the space station. The development of fast and easy to use molecular detection and quantification
methods for application in manned spacecraft is therefore desirable and may also be valuable for applications on Earth. In
this paper we present the preliminary results of the SAMPLE experiment in which we performed molecular microbial analysis
on environmental samples of the ISS as part of an ESA-MAP project.
This article is a reprint of Microgravity sci. technol. XVIII-3/4 (2006). Tab. 1 has been corrected. 相似文献
48.
Eric C Leuthardt Kai J Miller Gerwin Schalk Rajesh P N Rao Jeffrey G Ojemann 《IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering》2006,14(2):194-198
Electrocorticography (ECoG) has been demonstrated to be an effective modality as a platform for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Through our experience with ten subjects, we further demonstrate evidence to support the power and flexibility of this signal for BCI usage. In a subset of four patients, closed-loop BCI experiments were attempted with the patient receiving online feedback that consisted of one-dimensional cursor movement controlled by ECoG features that had shown correlation with various real and imagined motor and speech tasks. All four achieved control, with final target accuracies between 73%-100%. We assess the methods for achieving control and the manner in which enhancing online control can be accomplished by rescreening during online tasks. Additionally, we assess the relevant issues of the current experimental paradigm in light of their clinical constraints. 相似文献
49.
Dean J Krusienski Gerwin Schalk Dennis J McFarland Jonathan R Wolpaw 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2007,54(2):273-280
A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that provides an alternate nonmuscular communication/control channel for individuals with severe neuromuscular disabilities. With proper training, individuals can learn to modulate the amplitude of specific electroencephalographic (EEG) components (e.g., the 8-12 Hz mu rhythm and 18-26 Hz beta rhythm) over the sensorimotor cortex and use them to control a cursor on a computer screen. Conventional spectral techniques for monitoring the continuous amplitude fluctuations fail to capture essential amplitude/phase relationships of the mu and beta rhythms in a compact fashion and, therefore, are suboptimal. By extracting the characteristic mu rhythm for a user, the exact morphology can be characterized and exploited as a matched filter. A simple, parameterized model for the characteristic mu rhythm is proposed and its effectiveness as a matched filter is examined online for a one-dimensional cursor control task. The results suggest that amplitude/phase coupling exists between the mu and beta bands during event-related desynchronization, and that an appropriate matched filter can provide improved performance. 相似文献
50.
Dean J. Krusienski Gerwin Schalk Dennis J. McFarland Jonathan R. Wolpaw 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》2007,54(2):273-280
A brain-computer interface (BCI) is a system that provides an alternate nonmuscular communication/control channel for individuals with severe neuromuscular disabilities. With proper training, individuals can learn to modulate the amplitude of specific electroencephalographic (EEG) components (e.g., the 8-12 Hz mu rhythm and 18-26 Hz beta rhythm) over the sensorimotor cortex and use them to control a cursor on a computer screen. Conventional spectral techniques for monitoring the continuous amplitude fluctuations fail to capture essential amplitude/phase relationships of the mu and beta rhythms in a compact fashion and, therefore, are suboptimal. By extracting the characteristic mu rhythm for a user, the exact morphology can be characterized and exploited as a matched filter. A simple, parameterized model for the characteristic mu rhythm is proposed and its effectiveness as a matched filter is examined online for a one-dimensional cursor control task. The results suggest that amplitude/phase coupling exists between the mu and beta bands during event-related desynchronization, and that an appropriate matched filter can provide improved performance 相似文献