A theory of innovation processes for computer-aided manufacturingtechnology

The concept of uncertainty is used to develop a theory of the innovation process for computer-aided manufacturing. The interrelated propositions trace the process by which computerized equipment is adopted, prepared for, and implemented. This is done in terms of problems arising from uncertainty and coping strategies used to respond to them. The theory explains why it is so difficult to introduce the technology into companies. Problems arise in deciding whether or not to purchase, in preparing the organization's supporting functions, and in deciding whether or not success has been achieved. The propositions are also used to suggest coping strategies that can alleviate these problems. They include infrastructure development, participation, and installation in stages. Implications of the theory for innovation research are explored     

A Janus Molecule for Screen-Printable Conductive Carbon Ink for Composites with Superior Stretchability

Inspired by decades of research in the compatibilization of fillers into elastomeric composites for high-performance materials, a novel polyurethane-based stretchable carbon ink is created by taking advantage of a Janus molecule, 2-(2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)propane-1,3-diol (serinol pyrrole, SP). SP is used to functionalize the carbon and comonomer in the polymer phase. The use of SPs in both the organic and inorganic phases results in an improved interaction between the two phases. When printed, the functionalized material has a factor 1.5 lower resistance-strain dependence when compared to its unfunctionalized analogue. This behavior is superior to commercially available carbon inks. To demonstrate the suitability of ink in an industrial application, an all-printed, elastomer-based force sensor is fabricated. This “pyrrole methodology” is scalable and broadly applicable, laying the foundation for the realization of printed functionalities with improved electromechanical performance.